• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.222-230
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• 2007

Some drugs may be limited in their clinical application due to their propensity towards their adverse effects. Toxicogenomic technology represents a useful approach for evaluating the toxic properties of new drug candidates early in the drug discovery process. Nitrofurantoin (NF) is clinical chemotherapeutic agent and antimicrobial and used to treatment of urinary tract infections. However, NF has been shown to result in pulmonary toxic effects. In this research, we revealed the changing expression gene profiles in BEAS-2B, human bronchial epithelial cell line, exposed to NF by using human oligonucleotide chip. Through the clustering analysis of gene expression profiles, we identified 136 up-regulated genes and 379 down-regulated genes changed by more than 2-fold by NF. This study identifies several interesting targets and functions in relation to NF-induced toxicity through a gene ontology analysis method including biological process, cellular components, molecular function and KEGG pathway.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.8931-8936
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• 2014

Background: Herbal compounds such as curcumin which decrease telomerase and gene expression have been considered as beneficial tools for lung cancer treatment. In this article, we compared the effects of pure curcumin and curcumin-loaded NIPAAm-MAA nanoparticles on telomerase and PinX1 gene expression in a lung cancer cell line. Materials and Methods: A tetrazolium-based assay was used for determination of cytotoxic effects of curcumin on the Calu-6 lung cancer cell line and telomerase and pinX1 gene expression was measured with real-time PCR. Results: MTT assay showed that Curcumin-loaded NIPAAm-MAA inhibited the growth of the Calu-6 lung cancer cell line in a time and dose-dependent manner. Our q-PCR results showed that the expression of telomerase gene was effectively reduced as the concentration of curcumin-loaded NIPAAm-MAA increased while expression of the PinX1 gene became elevated. Conclusions: The results showed that curcumin-loaded-NIPAAm-MAA exerted cytotoxic effects on the Calu-6 cell line through down-regulation of telomerase and stimulation of pinX1 gene expression. NIPPAm-MAA could be good carrier for such kinds of hydrophobic agent.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.123-132
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• 2008

Objective: In this study, the author tried to investigate whether revised Seonbangpaedok-tang (SPT) and Sigyeongcheongpye-tang (SCT) significantly effects both PMA-induced mucin production and MUC5AC gene expression from airway epithelial cells. Objective: In this study, the author tried to investigate whether revised Seonbangpaedok-tang (SPT) and Sigyeongcheongpye-tang (SCT) significantly affects both PMA-induced mucin production and MUC5AC gene expression from airway epithelial cells. Materials and Methods: Confluent NCI-H292 cells were pretreated for 30 min in the presence of SPT and SCT and treated with PMA (10 ng/$m{\ell}$), to assess the effects of the agents on PMA-induced mucin production by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Also, the effects of the agents on PMA-induced MUC5AC gene expression from the same cells were investigated. Possible cytotoxicities of the agent were assessed by measuring the rate of survival and proliferation of NCI-H292 cells after treatment of agents during 48 hrs. Results: (1) SPT and SCT did not show significant cytotoxicity to NCI-H292 cells; (2) SPT significantly inhibitedthe expression levels of PMA-induced MUC5AC gene in NCI-H292 cells. SCT slightly decreased the expression levels of PMA-induced MUC5AC gene; (3) SPT significantly decreased PMA-induced mucin production from NCI-H292 cells. However, SCT did not affect mucin production. Conclusion: Theseresults suggest that SPT can not only affect the production of mucin but also the expression of the mucin gene and this explains the traditional use of SPT in oriental medicine. The effects of SPT and SCT with their components should be further investigated using animal experimental models that reflect pathophysiology of airway diseases via ongoing studies.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.240-244
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• 2007

In this study, we found that the methanolic extract of Areca catechu repressed expression of the tyrosinase gene in B16 mouse melanoma cells containing a tyrosinase promoter. Extract concentrations of 100 ${\mu}$g/ml and 500 ${\mu}$g/ml exhibited tyrosinase gene expression rates of aproximately 62% and 48%, respectively, compared to the control. The fraction layers consisting of ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol, and water showed repressive effects on the tyrosinase gene. In particular, the butyl alcohol fraction highly repressed at 100 ${\mu}$g/ml and 500 ${\mu}$g/ml. In the MTT assay, the methanolic extracts exhibited very low cytotoxicities at 1 ${\mu}$g/ml, 10 ${\mu}$g/ml, and 100 ${\mu}$g/ml.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 1995

The vir genes expression of Ti plasmid is induced by a family of related phenolic compounds. We investigated the effects of various phenolic compounds, Ti plasmids and hosts on the expression of the vir genes in the same type of octopine Ti plasmids, pTiKU12, pTiAch5 and pTiA6. The vir gene induction of pTiKU12 was remarkably stimulated by p-coumaric acid in relation to acetosyringone, but those of pTiAch5 and pTiA6 were more stimulated by acetosyringone than by p-coumaric acid. The effect of phenolic compound on the vir gene induction was different according to the kind of Ti plasmids. Also, the vir gene expression of A. tumefaciens KU913, which has pTiKU12 was about 6.2 times as much as that of A. tumefaciens KU915, which has pTiKU12 in KU12 host, in the presence of ferulic acid. But no difference was shown in the presence of p-coumaric acid. The vir gene induction abilities of phenolic compounds are different according to the kinds of phenolic compounds, Ti plasmids and hosts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 1988

This experiment was conducted to study the nature of gene effects for the leaf characters in flue-cured tobacco. The genetic populations were derived from crosses between NC 2326 and Mc Nair 373, and NC 628 and DG-72. The generation means experiment Included the Pl, P2. Fl, F2, Bl and B2, which were frown at Taegu Experiment Station, Korea Ginseng & Tobacco Research Institute in 1984. Seedlings were transplanted to the field in a randomized block design with 3 replications. In each block, parental and Fl Plots contained 15 plants in a single row, F2, Bl and B2 plots being composed of 75 plant, in 5 rows. Leaf characters were measured of largest (middle leaf) and 5th leaf(top leaf) from the top after topping. Measurements of the length and width of leaf were obtained from the fresh the middle and top leaves, and weight of leaf, weight and width of midrib were from the satrap leaf after curing. Estimates of additive and dominance genetic variance were analyzed according to Gamble's biometrical model. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The additive gene effects were significant and larger than the dominance gene effects for all leaf and midrib characters in both stalk positions. 2. The dominance gene effects were significant for the length and width of leaf, and weight of midrib in the middle leaves. 3. The digenic epistatic effects were significant for the length and width of leaf in both stalk positions. 4. The additive gene effects were larger in the top than in the middle leaves and midrib characters.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.668-675
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Galkunhwanglyeonhwanggum-tang (GGT), and Sopunghwalhyeol-tang (SPT) on gene expression of MCP-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and eNOS in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods: HUVECs were treated with GGT and SPT at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 ㎍/mL. Gene expression of MCP-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and eNOS in HUVECs was analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and electrophoresis was performed to verify the gene expression level. Results: 1. MCP-1 gene expression was more strongly decreased by SPT than by GGT. 2. ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 gene expressions were more strongly decreased by SPT than by GGT 3. GGT significantly increased eNOS gene expression, but SPT did not. Conclusions: These findings suggest that GGT and SPT regulate gene expression related to anti-inflammatory effects in HUVECs. Clinical application of these Korean medicines to diseases related to dyslipidemia, such as cardiovascular disease, will require additional in vivo experiments to verify the anti-inflammatory effects of GGT and SPT.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.33-55
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• 2007

Objectives In the present study, the author intended to investigate whether bojung-ikgitang-gamibang(BJGB) and seonbang-paedoktang(SBPT) significantly affect in vivo and in vitro mucin secretion from airway epithelial cells. Methods In vivo experiment, mice's mucin which is on a hypersecretion of airway mucin, mice's tracheal goblet cells in hyperplasia and mice's intraepithelial mucosubstances were exposed with SO2for3weeks. Effects of orally-administered BJGB and SBPT during 1 week on vivo mucin secretion and hyperplasia of tracheal goblet cells were assessed by using both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and staining goblet cells with alcian blue. In vitro experiment, confluent hamster tracheal surface epithelial(HTSE) cells were metabolically radiolabeled with 3H-glucosamine for 24hrs and chased for 30 min in the presence of each agent to figure out the effectiveness of 3H-mucin secretion. Total elution profiles of control spent media and treatment sample through Sepharose CL-4B column were analyzed. The effects of each agent on contractility of isolated tracheal smooth muscle and effects of each agent on MUC5AC gene expression in cultured HTSE cells were investigated. Also, possible cytotoxicities of each agent were assessed by measuring lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release. Additionally, effects of BJGB and SBPT on both MUC5AC gene expression in cultured HTSE cells and TNF- or EGF-induced MUC5AC gene expression in human airway epithelial cells (NCI-H292) were investigated. Results (1) BJGB and SBPT inhibited hypersecretion of in vivo mucin. SBPT also inhibited the increase the number of goblet cells. However, BJGB did not affect the increase of number of goblet cells; (2) BJGB significantly increased mucin secretion from cultured HTSE cells, without significant cytotoxicity, and chiefly affected the 'mucin' secretion; (3) SBPT did not affect mucin secretion from cultured HTSE cells without significant cytotoxicity, and also did not affect the secretion of the other releseable glycoproteins; (4) BJGB and SBPT did not affect Ach-induced contraction of isolated tracheal smooth muscle; (5) SBPT significantly inhibit the expression levels of MUC5AC gene and BJGB significantly increased the expression levels of MUC5AC gene in both HTSE cells and NCI-H292 cells. Conclusions BJGB and SBPT can not only affect the secretion of mucin but also affect the expression of mucin gene. The author suggests that the effects BJGB and SBPT with their components should be further investigated and it is highly desirable to find from oriental medical prescriptions, novel agents which might regulate hypersecretion of mucin from airway epithelial cells.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.81-85
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• 1997

Ceramide has been suggested as an important mediator of the effects of extracellular agonists on cell growth inhibition, differentiation, apoptosis. However the biochemical sign aling mechanism involved in transducing the effects of ceramide on leukemia cell differentiation is still unclear. In these respects, we examined the regulatory effects of ceramide on c-jun gene expression during differentiation. In U-937 cells. ceramide increased c-jun mRNA levels in a time-dependent manner. The half life, of c-jun mRNA was 30 min. In contrast, inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide in the absence, of transcription with actinomycin D increased the half-life of c-jun mRNA in ceramide-treated U-937 cells to more than 90 min. In order to examine whether ceramide-inhibited c-jun gene expression is regulated through ceramide-activated protein phosphatase (CAPP), a direct target for the action of ceramide, okadaic acid were treated to the cells. Okadaic acid inhibited enhancement of c-jun mRNA induced by C2-ceramide in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggested that ceramide increases c-jun mRNA level during differentiation in U-937 cells and regulates the gene expression on posttranscriptional level. In addition, we provide the evidence that CAPP is involved in ceramide-induced c-jun gene expression in U-937 cells.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.71-84
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• 2012

Objectives: GG is the EtOH fraction of extract of Pueraria lobata. In this study, we aimed to elucidate a possibility that GG reduce obesity and obesity-derived complications such as cardiovascular and metabolic disease. Methods: The effects of GG on the estrogen-deficient obese rats and the level of gene expression in muscle of rats were investigated. Results: GG decreased body weight in obese rats with estrogen deficiency. GG increased leptin gene expression in obese rats with estrogen deficiency. GG decreased TNFa gene expression in obese rats with estrogen deficiency. And GG increased PPAR-gamma, PGC-1a, Prdx6, FDFT1, and ACC gene expression of those in obese rats. Conclusions: We conclude GG might reduce body weight and regulate gene expression of muscle in obese rats.