• 아동학회지
• /
• 제36권6호
• /
• pp.165-188
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among Korean early adolescents' perceived negative parenting practices, trajectories of mobile phone dependency(MPD), and self-regulated learning(SRL), while taking into account gender differences. Early adolescents are required to acquire self-regulation in Korean cultural contexts of a strong emphasis on academic achievement and recent technological advancements. The study made use of data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Study(KCYPS), and three waves of data collected from 1,953 adolescents in $7^{th}$, $8^{th}$ and $9^{th}$ grade were analyzed. The results can be summarized as follows. Growth-curve longitudinal analysis indicates that their initial value of MPD through $7^{th}$ to $9^{th}$ grade had increased, but the initial value and rate of change were significantly different according to gender. Furthermore, the results of multiple group analysis revealed that some path weights appeared different according to gender. For male students, the rate of change in MPD did not have a significant effect on either SRL in $7^{th}$ or $9^{th}$ grade, whereas for female students, it predicted the existence of significant relationships with them. The implications of these findings were also discussed.

• 한방비만학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2007

Objective : Women's obesity brings prblems not only appearance but also health which men do not have. This study was conducted to investigate the different factors of obesity between men and women. Materials and Methods : We searched papers usin key words (women, gender, and obesity) on pubmed and obesity journal. Result : Women's obesity leads to amenorrhea, abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, poly cystic ovarian syndrome, abortion, and luteal phase inadequacy. Obesity induces metabolic syndrome, type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular problems, hypertension, cancer, and psychophysiologic diseases. The difference in body morphology and in particular fat distribution between the sexes leads to gender-specific differences in prevalence of chronic diseases, and unique problems for each sex including infertility, problems during pregnancy, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and endometrial carcinoma in women, and prostate and testicular cancer in men. The influence of gender on obesity is had by genetic view, hormones, pregnancy, delivery, and menopause. Conclusion : Obese women have higher risk factors than men by the influence of gender.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제9권9호
• /
• pp.421-430
• /
• 2018

본 논문은 출산 후 여성이 경험하는 성역할과 모성 역할에 대한 의미를 이해하기 위해 개인이 경험한 의미에 초점을 둔 현상학적 방법을 사용한 질적 연구이다. 본 연구 참여자는 서울과 경기도에 거주하고 있으며 출산 후 8주에서 1년 이내의 여성 17명이다. 참가자의 평균연령은 38.1세로 5명의 초산부와 12명의 경산부이었다. 참가자의 여성과 모성의 성역할에 대한 융합적인 경험에 대한 의미를 분석한 결과, 신체의 변화와 고통, 그저 힘이 듦, 기대와 현실의 차이, 남편과 사회로부터의 고립감, 모성이자 여성인 어머니를 생각함, 몸과 마음의 아픔이 승화됨, 여성과 모성의 융합과 해리의 7개의 범주가 도출되었다. 본 연구 결과는 출산 후 여성의 성역할 경험에 대한 일련의 과정을 구성함으로 출산 후 여성의 역할에 대하여 폭넓은 이해를 가질 수 있는 정보를 제공한다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 향후에는 생애주기별 여성의 성역할 경험에 대한 심도 깊은 연구가 필요하며 이를 토대로 여성의 다양한 성역할 규명이 융합적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.109-125
• /
• 2007

How an elderly people meets death is the matter of how he has lived his life. It is very important for an elderly people at the last step of his life to re-light up life and to meet death with dignity. The purpose of this study is to investigate where fear or anxiety of death come from among the four dimensins of death anxiety and to compare the differenced between the elderly group and non-elderly group, For this research, the 473 of the subjects from 20 to 80 years old attending social welfare center and community areas in Seoul have been questionned. The summary for the study mentioned the following: First, the overall scores of death anxiety, in the non-aged group, gender and religiosity are important factors affecting the decrease of death anxiety, On the other hand, in the aged group, self-respect, death readiness and number of friends are significant factors. Secondly, for death anxiety of self, age and spouse are significant relationships among non-aged group and gender, death readiness and number of friends for aged-group. In the dying of self, the following each three significant variables: gender, self-respect and spouse among non-aged group and gender, self-respect and number of friends among aged group. In death anxiety of others, age, view on next world and spouse are best predictor for non-aged group. Finally, family-relationship, self-respect and spouse are significant factors for aged group. In dying of others, only one factors are influenced for non-aged group, on the other hand, gender, self-respect and death readiness are important factors for aged group. There remains the need for more detailed examination into the nature of this relationship and the extent to which core components strongly affecting the above subscales.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제43권8호
• /
• pp.55-68
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of negative life events on mental health and to explore possible main and moderating effects of spousal support on mental health with a focus on gender differences. The data for this study were taken from a nationwide random sample of 1,504 married men and women ranging in age from 30 to 59 through structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN program which was used to calculate frequency, mean, 1-test, multiple regressions. The main results were as follows: First, by examining mental health of Korean men and women, women were more likely than men to experience higher levels of depression. Second, there was no gender difference in the sum of experience of negative life events, therefore the date of this study did not support the differential exposure hypothesis. In addition, men perceived more support from their spouses than women. Third, results show that especially the event concerning with job/financial problems has negative impacts on mental health of both men and women, and vulnerability to undesirable life events was not found. Fourth, spousal support is associated with better mental health regardless of gender, and it reduces the harmful effects of life events concerning with job/financial area for both men and women. Also, spousal support reduces the magnitude of the harmful effects of life events concerning with health of men. This study focused on the impact of negative life events and the couple process. It was possible to explore the strength of social support provided from spouse of most importance to the individuals. These results affirm the importance of supportive relationships between couples as a buffer, mitigating harmful effects of negative life events on mental health.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.48-56
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the dietary habits of boarding high school students in Gangwon based on gender and stress levels. Questionnaires were distributed to 571 boarding high school students and collected from 491 students from June 28 to July 20, 2011. The statistical data analyses were completed using SPSS (ver. 19.0) for the descriptive analysis, independent sample t-test and $X^2$-test. The mean stress score was 23.7 out of 40, and male's stress was significantly higher than female's (p<0.05). The rates of having daily breakfast and dinner were significantly influenced by gender (p<0.01), and the regularity of lunch was significantly different depending on the stress level (p<0.05). Female students consumed less flour based foods (p<0.01), carbonated drinks (p<0.01), juices (p<0.05) and functional drinks (p<0.01) than male students, but male students consumed less cookies and breads (p<0.01). Dietary habits that boarding high school students should improve were an unbalanced diet (38%), too much intake at once (17%) and prejudice against foods (11%), and their primary value in dietary life was preference (33%), followed by staving off hunger (18%) and pleasure (18%). The average level of interest in dietary life was 2.46 (on a Likert-type 3-point scale) and it was significantly higher for female students (2.53) than male (2.40) (p<0.05). About 54% of students washed their hands before a meal when they thought of it, but only 25% of students always scrubbed up. The regularity of breakfast and dinner, frequency of snack intake, dietary habits that need to improve, intrest in dietary life, and washing hands before meals showed significant difference by gender but not by stress levels.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제16권8호
• /
• pp.5089-5095
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 이중성의 양면을 지닌 친환경 행동을 보다 폭 넓게 이해하기 위해 국가, 성별, 연령별로 차이가 있는지에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 서로 다른 문화를 가진 한국과 미국 소비자는 친환경 행동과의 관계에서 서로 다를 것이라 기대된다. 또한 남 여 성별과 세대 간 연령의 하위 집단 간 상호작용효과도 있을 것이라 여겨진다. 더불어 개인 가치의 조절효과도 존재하는지도 보고자 한다. 연구결과, 한국 소비자 보다 미국 소비자의 친환경 행동이 통계적으로 유의한 수준에서 더 높은 것을 확인하였다. 또한 남 여 성별 간 차이에서는 여성보다 남성이 보다 긍정적으로 친환경 행동을 하였다. 한편, 국가와 성별 그리고 국가와 연령 간에 상호작용 효과가 있었음을 밝혔으며, 연령과 친환경 행동 간에 개인 가치의 조절효과가 존재하였음을 살펴보았다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.92-105
• /
• 2020

이 연구에서는 실손형 민간의료보험 가입의 영향요인과 실손형 민간의료보험이 외래 및 입원 의료이용에 미치는 영향에서 성별 차이를 파악하고자 하였다. 한국의료패널의 2010년부터 2016년까지 조사 자료를 패널자료로 구성하여 로짓모형과 회귀모형으로 분석하였다. 실손형 민간의료보험의 가입에서 남성은 여성보다 가입확률이 낮았고, 여성의 경우 미충족 의료 여부, 주관적 건강상태에 따라 가입확률의 차이가 있었고, 남성의 경우 결혼상태, 거주지에 따라 차이가 있었다. 실손형 민간의료보험은 여성군에서 외래 방문 당 진료비에 영향을 미치지 않았으나 남성군에서는 외래 방문 당 진료비를 증가시키는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 여성군에서 실손형 민간의료보험이 입원 당 진료비를 유의하게 증가시켰으나 남성군의 입원 당 진료비에는 영향을 주지 않았다. 실손형 민간의료보험의 가입과 실손형 민간의료보험이 의료이용에 미치는 영향에서 성별 차이가 있음을 확인하였으며, 이는 실손형 민간의료보험 관련 연구와 제도 운용에서 성별 차이를 고려할 필요가 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.235-246
• /
• 2011

From the onset of puberty or during its progress, eating and health behaviors are important in establishing optimum growth and healthy fitness in middle school students. This study investigated the dietary and health behavior of first grade middle school students(male 260, female 255) selected from 3 middle schools in Suwon. Results were analyzed using the statistical program(SAS ver. 8.1). Usual dietary habits were scored by the Likert scale of 5 points and obtained the mean and standard deviation. Obtaining significant gender difference, chi-square and student t-test were also done. Daily breakfast intake was 70% of all students but some of them ate alone(27.3%). The amount of food intake was slightly less(34.8%) but sufficient food for dinner(53.2%). The purpose of each meal was solving hunger(57.4%). However, they want to change their current eating habits because of an unbalanced diet. Usual dietary habits were similar in gender, but 'apply nutrition knowledge' and 'consider food combination' were better in female students (p<0.01), 'regular meals' were higher in males(p<0.01). With respect to health behavior, the subjects went for daily walks for less than an hour(39.9%) and got 7-8 hours of sleep per day(33.8%). The amount of sleep was sufficient(22.6%) in males but in insufficient (33.8%) in female students(p<0.01). Weight control efforts for reducing(female 27.5% male 20.8%) and for increasing(male 10.6%) differed according to gender(p<0.01). As the result of the above analyses, the direction of nutrition education would be oriented to the nutrition knowledge and food combination applying to the diets of male students and regular meals for females. And also sleep dissatisfaction needs to be altered with taking care weight control trials.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.126-130
• /
• 2008

Background: Females generally have a lower pain and temporal summation threshold than men. However, the results of studies designed to evaluate gender differences in the thresholds of heat pain and the temporal summation have been inconsistent. Newly developed device, CHEPS (Contact Heat Evoked Potential Stimulation) model of PATHWAY, have superiority on its fast rise and return time in temperature. Therefore we investigated gender differences in heat pain and temporal summation threshold. Methods: Forty healthy volunteers (20 males and 20 females) were enrolled in this study. A thermode was applied to the volar side of each volunteer's left forearm and heat pain and the temporal summation threshold was then measured. The heat pain threshold was estimated using the staircase method by starting from $36^{\circ}C$ and then increasing the temperature in $0.5^{\circ}C$ increments. The temporal summation threshold was estimated by applying five successive stimulation of the same temperature starting at $2^{\circ}C$ lower than the heat pain threshold and then increasing the temperature in $0.5^{\circ}C$ increments. Results: The mean heat pain thresholds was found to be $41.63{\pm}1.63^{\circ}C$ for males and $41.60{\pm}1.84^{\circ}C$ for females and the temporal summation thresholds were found to be $40.83{\pm}1.64^{\circ}C$ for males and $40.77{\pm}1.93^{\circ}C$ for females. The differences between males and females were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The result of this study suggested that there are no gender differences in heat pain and temporal summation threshold.