• 사회복지연구
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.67-99
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• 2010

우울과 자살 간에 유의한 관계가 있다는 기존의 연구에도 불구하고, 통계자료는 우울 유병률은 여성이 높으나 자살률은 남성이 높다는 것을 보여준다. 본 연구의 목적은 우울과 자살태도의 관계에 대한 탐색적 고찰을 통하여 이러한 성별차이에 대한 경험적 이해를 도모하고, 향후 우울 및 자살에 대한 성별 및 연령별 차이의 연구에 대한 방향성과 함의를 제공하는 것을 주목적으로 한다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기위하여 서울복지패널 1차년도 자료를 사용하여, 18세 이상 성인 7,396명을 대상으로 우울과 자살태도와의 관계, 우울과 자살태도 간의 관계에 있어서의 성별 및 연령 차이에 대해서 구조방정식 및 다중집단분석을 통해서 분석하였다. 기존 연구결과와 동일하게 전체적으로 우울과 자살태도의 관계는 유의하게 나타났다. 다중집단분석결과는 우울과 자살태도의 관계가 여성집단보다 남성집단에서 강하게 나타나는 것을 보여주었고, 이러한 성별차이는 65세 이상의 여성집단에서 우울과 자살태도의 관계가 다른 세 집단에 비해서 상대적으로 약하기 때문인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 우울 유병율은 여성이 높은데 자살률은 남성이 높은 이유 중의 하나는 우울이 자살에 영향을 주는 정도가 남성집단에서 여성집단보다 강하기 때문이라는 것을 보여주고, 우울과 자살간의 관계의 성별차이의 주 원인은 65세 이상 여성의 특성이 상당부분 기여하고 있는 것을 보여준다. 결과를 바탕으로 이론적 실천적 함의를 논의하였다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

Objective: There exist gender differences in pulsatile contour waveform. Women have a greater age-related increase in left ventricular mass than do men and more likely to experience symptomatic heart failure after infarction. SDPTG (the second derivative of photoplethysmogram waveform) is a noninvasive method for evaluating the pulse wave and is correlated with age and other risk factors for atherosclerosis. We studied the effect of gender on SDPTG and made clear why the gender differences appear. Methods: To study the effects of effect factors, including height and blood pressure, on SDPTG in the fourth decade, data on height, weight, PTD (pulse transit distance), blood pressure, serum lipid levels, and SDPTG were collected in 115 laboratory healthy men and women. SDPTG is derived from double-differential processing of fingertip photoplethysmography and consists of a, b, c, and d waves in systole and an e wave in diastole; SDPTG aging index (AI) was calculated as (b-c-d-e)/a. Results: There were significant gender-related differences of SDPTG AI, height, and blood pressure. Age, height, and mean blood pressure were respectively and significantly correlated with SDPTG AI. SDPTG is dependent upon age, height, and blood pressure. Restricting analysis to SDPTG AI, age, height, and mean blood pressure, yielded that there were gender-related differences in SDPTG AI (P<0.05) which were derived from those of height (F<0.001, df=l, P=0.994). Conclusions: These new data may help to explain previous findings about age-related differences in pulsatile contour waveforms and why gender differences of SDPTG appear. The results of this study suggest that SDPTG AI, used for evaluation of biological vascular aging, should be calibrated by height as well as age and blood pressure.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.199-207
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• 2009

Objectives : Research on the gender differences of health among older Korean people has been limited compared with the research for other stages of life. This study first examined the patterns and magnitude of the gender differences of health in later life. Second, we examined the gender differences in the health of older men and women that were attributable to differing socioeconomic conditions. Methods : Using the nationally representative 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the gender differences in disability and subjective poor health were assessed by calculating the age adjusted and gender-specific prevalence. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess if the differences between the men and women for health could be explained by differential exposure to socioeconomic factors and/or the differential vulnerability of men and women to these socioeconomic factors. Results : Our results indicated that older women were more likely than the men to report disability and poor subjective health. The health disadvantage of older women was diminished by differential experiences with socioeconomic factors, and especially education. The differences shrink as much as 43.7% in the case of disability and 35.4% in the case of poor subjective health by the differential exposure to educational attainment. Any differential vulnerability to socioeconomic factors was not found between the men and women, which means that socioeconomic factors may have similar effect on health in both genders. Conclusions : Differential socioeconomic experience and exposure between the men and women might cause gender difference in health in old age Koreans.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.313-326
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 PISA수학성취도 자료와 국내외 성차 관련 연구 자료를 분석하여 우리나라 학생들의 성차 추이와 그에 대한 배경을 살펴보았다. 우리나라는 2000년과 2003년 PISA수학성취도 평가에서 유의미하게 큰 성차를 보인 반면 2006년부터 성차가 급격히 감소하였다. 이러한 성차의 급격한 감소 현상에 영향을 미친 요인을 탐색하기 위해 국내외 성차 관련 연구 자료를 분석하였으며, 이를 토대로 여성의 이공계 진출을 유도하는 국가차원의 정책적 지원과 같은 사회문화적 변화와 교육과정과 그에 따른 교과서의 변화 등과 같은 요인들이 여학생의 수학 성취도 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2014

The current study examined college students' overall eating behavior and physical activity, highlighting differences between male and female students attending a public university in the southwestern United States. Research findings indicated that many college students did not eat enough fruits, fruit juices, and green salad. Furthermore, the results of Chi-square analysis showed that there were significant differences in consumption amounts of green salad, hamburgers/hot dogs/sausage, and French fries/potato chips between male and female students. Study findings showed that when students were asked about attributes of food/restaurant choice, female students were more concerned about nutritional aspects when they chose the foods compared with male students. In terms of physical activity levels among college students, male students were more likely to participate in sports activities and weight training. On the other hand, female students were more inclined to walking or bicycling.

• 아동학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to assess children's emotional competence, to examine whether there was a difference in children's emotional competence according to their gender, and to investigate the relationship between children's emotional competence and their play behavior. The subjects of this study were 104 four-year-old children(56 boys, 48 girls). Collected data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, means, standard deviation and Pearson's correlation. The results were as follows : First, there was meaningful correlation among the emotional competence measured by teacher, the understanding and expression of emotion and the emotional regulation measured by mother. Second, there was difference in children's emotional competence according to gender. Specifically, girls showed better competence in the socio-behavioral emotional competence and the understanding and expression of emotion than boys. Third, the dramatic play and the group play had some meaningful correlation with the emotional competence measured by teacher and the understanding and expression of emotion measured by mother.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.51-65
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• 2013

Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to compare influencing factors on depression between male and female students at the high school. Methods: The self-administered questionnaire survey was carried out on a convenience sample of 403 high school students. The data analysis procedure included frequency, ${\chi}^2$ test, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression using depression as the dependent variable. Results: There was a significant gender difference in depressive symptoms; the mean depression score of female students was higher than that of male students. Stepwise multiple regression analysis for depression revealed that the most powerful predictors (34%) were powerlessness and self-esteem for male students. On the other hand, the factors such as self-esteem, mother's occupation, and family fucntion were the most significant predictors (50%) for female students. Conclusion: The necessity of an intervention considering gender difference in high school students so as to prevent the occurrence of depression was suggested.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2003

In this study, I analyzed dual-career commuting couples time use. Concretely, this study compared the husband with the wife on the becoming a commuter family, the living apart on weekdays. And it examined time use on weekdays and weekends by the time amount of each activities and the ratio of actor on each hour. The survey participants included 131 married people who were dual-career commuting couple and who were maintained separate residence and work place. The major findings are as follows: First, weekday separation of the dual-career commuting couples is largely due to career. This kind separation is mostly due to sociostructural labor market factor and individual factor to increasing working women. Second, 94.6%(53) of male participants were resident living apart from their family on weekdays. Third, the most wives mentioned some kind of emotional liberation such as freedom on weekdays. Finally, there was gender difference in the time spent on each activities when dual-career commuting couples are living together and they are apart. Especially the most gender difference on weekdays is household work time and leisure time.

• 아동학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.213-232
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• 2000

This Study investigated the relationships of care-oriented morality to gender and sex role identity in young adults. Care-oriented morality was assessed by the Ethic of Care Interview(ECI) while sex role identity was assessed by the Korean Sex Role Inventory(KSRI) with a sample of 48 men and 42 women between 20 and 35 years of age. The level of care-oriented morality of most of the subjects was Level 2. There was a significant difference between men and women in level of care-oriented morality by both x2 and ANOVA. That is, women averaged and levels 2.5 and 3 while men averaged levels 1 and 1.5. The ANOVA reveled difference in sex role identity types by levels of care-oriented morality on the ANOVA test.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

This paper compares the time perspective between Korean and American college students and examines the difference of it according to gender and social status of them. The subject of this study were 385 Korean students and 385 American counterparts. The data were collected by survey with questionnaires and analyzed by SPSS program for the frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Duncan test. The results indicate that American students have more long-term personal direction than Korean counterparts and the effects of gender and social status are different in Korea and America. Korean students showed no difference according to these two variables but female America students indicate more long-term personal direction than male students and the time perspectives were different according to social status in America.