• 폴리머
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.568-571
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• 2006

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/gelatin(GEL) 블렌드막을 고전장하에서 제조한 후, 팽윤거동 및 이온투과 특성을 연구하였다. 알칼리 금속염(LiCl, NaCl, KCl)에 대한 투과 실험 결과, 인가된 전장의 강도가 10 kV까지 증가하면 막의 곡로율이 감소하여 이온 투과도가 증가하지만, 10 kV이상이 되면 막의 결정화도의 증가 영향이 커져 투과도는 감소하였다. 완충용액에 대한 팽윤 실험에서 pH 6을 기점으로 산성영역 혹은 염기성 영역으로 갈수록 하전기간의 반발로 인하여 팽윤도가 증가함을 관찰하였다. 제조된 블렌드막의 KCl 투과도 계수는 pH 6에서 극대값을 보였고, 산성 혹은 염기성 영역으로 갈수록 급격히 감소되는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 거동은 막내 존재하는 관능기들이 해리함에 따라 용해도 증가 영향보다는 Donnan 배제효과가 우세하게 작용하기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. 특히 온도에 따른 투과거동에서 $40^{\circ}C$를 기점으로 KCl 투과도 계수가 약 5배 정도 급격히 증가함을 보여주었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.824-829
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• 2002

석회수 침지와 중화과정을 거친 닭발의 젤라틴 추출조건을 확립하기 위하여 추출온도와 시간을 달리하여 닭발에서 젤라틴을 추출하고 수율 및 이화학적 특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 제라틴의 수율은 추출온도 및 시간이 증가함에 따라 증가하였으나 젤라틴 sol의 점도나 gel의 경도는 일정 온도와 시간까지 증가하다가 그 이후에 다시 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이화학적 특성에 기초하여 결정된 젤라틴의 최적 추출온도 및 시간은 $73^{\circ}C$에서 3시간 40분이었다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

The study was performed to optimize the processing conditions (alkali concentration, extraction time, and temperature) for rockfish skin gelatin based on yield using response surface methodology and comparison of the physicochemical properties with those of rockfish skin gelatin pretreated and extracted under ordinary conditions (alkali treatment concentration: 1.0 M; extraction time: 2 hr; extraction temperature: $60^{\circ}C$). Predicted maximum gelatin yield of 19.1% and gelatin content of 87.8% were obtained by extraction at $106.6^{\circ}C$ for 69.0 min after pretreatment with 1.1 M calcium hydroxide. Yield of gelatin extracted under high temperature/high pressure (G-HT/HP) was 54% higher than that extracted under ordinary temperature/time (G-OT/T). However, G-HT/HP was inferior in gel strength and gelling point to (G-OT/T), but comparable in transmission. Based on the physicochemical properties, G-HT/HP was unsuitable for use in products requiring higher physical properties, but could be useful for health-functional foods.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.245-250
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• 2010

Porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres (PLGA MS) have been utilized as an inhalation delivery system and a matrix scaffold system for tissue engineering. Here, gelatin (type A) is introduced as an extractable pH-responsive porogen, which is capable of controlling the porosity and pore size of PLGA microspheres. Porous PLGA microspheres were prepared by a water-in-oil-in-water ($w_1/o/w_2$) double emulsification/solvent evaporation method. The surface morphology of these microspheres was examined by varying pH (2.0~11.0) of water phases, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Also, their porosity and pore size were monitored by altering acidification time (1~5 h) using a phosphoric acid solution. Results showed that the pore-forming capability of gelatin was optimized at pH 5.0, and that the surface pore-formation was not significantly observed at pHs of < 4.0 or > 8.0. This was attributable to the balance between gel-formation by electrostatic repulsion and dissolution of gelatin. The appropriate time-selection between PLGA hardening and gelatin-washing out was considered as a second significant factor to control the porosity. Delaying the acidification time to ~5 h after emulsification was clearly effective to make pores in the microspheres. This finding suggests that the porosity and pore size of porous microspheres using gelatin can be significantly controlled depending on water phase pH and gelatin-removal time. The results obtained in this study would provide valuable pharmaceutical information to prepare porous PLGA MS, which is required to control the porosity.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.310-318
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• 2014

In this experiment, a highly porous scaffold of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was prepared using the spongereplica method. The BCP scaffold was coated with 58S bioactive glass (BG) and sintered for a second time. The resulting scaffold was coated with gelatin (Gel) and cross-linked with [3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide] and N-Hydroxysuccinamide (EDC-NHS). The initial average pore size of the scaffold ranged from 300 to $700{\mu}m$, with more than 85 % porosity. The coating of BG and Gel had a significant effect on the scaffold-pore size, decreasing scaffold porosity while increasing mechanical strength. The material and surface properties were evaluated by means of several experiments involving scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT assay and confocal imaging of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells cultured in vitro. Three types of scaffold (BCP, BCP-BG and BCP-BG-Gel) were implanted in a rat skull for in vivo evaluation. After 8 weeks of implantation, bone regeneration occurred in all three types of sample. Interestingly, regeneration was found to be greater (geometrically and physiologically) for neat BCP scaffolds than for two other kinds of composite scaffolds. However, the other two types of scaffolds were still better than the control (i.e., defect without treatment).

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.373-379
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• 2010

Cellulose, chitin, chitosan and hyaluronic acid are well known as polysaccharides. These polysaccharides have many effects on cell growth and differentiation. Cell activation increases with increasing the polysaccharides concentration. In this study, gelatin scaffold containing microorganism fermented cellulose, citrus gel were prepared by using irradiation technique. Physical properties of the scaffolds were investigated as a function of the concentrations of gelatin and citrus gel and the cell attachment, cell morphology and inflammation of the scaffolds also were characterized for regeneration of skin tissue.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 1983

사과를 당저림과 넥타 겔로 가공한 후 피막제를 처리하여 저장 조건에 따른 중량 감소율을 측정하고 갈변 현상, 곰팡이의 발생을 실험하여 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 인체에 무해하고 중량 감소, 갈변, 곰팡이 발생을 억제하는 피막제의 구성은 sucrose, D-sorbitol, corn syrup, gelatin, arabia gum, citric acid, sodium citrate, sodium ascorbate가 효과적이었다. 2. 사과 당저림은 피막제 처리한 것을 포장하여 냉장고에서 저장하는 방법이 가장 효과적이었다. 3. 사과 넥타 겔은 피막제 처리한 것을 이중(二重) 포장하여 냉동하는 것이 중량 감소에 의한 수축, 갈변 현상, 곰팡이의 발생을 억제하였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.708-715
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• 2017

The acid pretreatment of collagen molecules disrupts their crosslinks and assists in the release of acid-soluble proteins, fats, and other components. Generally, to achieve optimum extraction efficiency, strong acids may be used at a lower acid concentration compared to weak acids. This study aimed to determine the yield and physicochemical properties of gelatins extracted from buffalo hides pretreated with different acids. Hides were extracted with hydrochloric, citric, and acetic acids at concentrations of 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5 M. A completely randomized design and the least significant difference test were used in the experimental design, and all measurements were performed in triplicate. The highest yield (29.17%) was obtained from pretreatment with 0.9 M HCl. The gel strength did not differ significantly (p>0.05) according to acid type (280.26-259.62 g Bloom), and the highest viscosity was obtained from the 0.6 M citric acid pretreatment. All the gelatins contained ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-chain components and several degraded peptides (24-66 kDa). The color and Fourier-transform infrared spectrum of the gelatin extracted using 0.9 M HCl were similar to those of commercial bovine skin gelatin. In general, the physicochemical properties of the gelatin complied with the industry standard set by the Gelatin Manufacturers Institute of America, revealing that buffalo hide could serve as a potential alternative source of gelatin.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.218-221
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• 1996

가공적성이 우수한 알코올처리 각시가자미껍질 젤라틴을 식품산업소재로 이용하기 위한 기초자료를 얻을 목적으로 가공시 많이 이용하거나 혼입될 우려가 있는 철이온, 식염, 당, 산 및 알코을 등에 의한 알코올처리 젤라틴의 물리적 특성의 변화를 무처리 젤라틴과 비교하여 검토하였다. 겔강도, 졸화온도, 겔화온도 및 점도와 같은 물리적 특성치는 에탄올처리의 유무에 관계없이 두 젤라틴 모두가 철이온 , 당 및 에탄올을 첨가한 경우 증가하였으나, 염화나트륨 및 유기산을 첨가한 경우는 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 첨가물에 의한 물리적 특성의 변화폭은 에탄올처리 젤라틴이 무처리 젤라틴에 비하여 식염, 당 및 에탄올을 가한 경우 차이가 없었으나 철이온 및 산을 가한 경우 적었다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2001

This study was to investigate the relationship between the gel layer thickness and swelling boundary via strength measurements using texture analysis. The novel texture analysis approach was used to examine the dynamics of swelling behavior in a ternary polymeric matrix tablet. The method permitted the characterization of the changes occurring at the peripheral as well as within interior boundary of the swelling during water ingress. The increase in gel strength for pectin, HPMC, and a ternary mixture with gelatin was found to depend on polymer concentration. Therefore, this method is further applicable to characterize the swelling behavior and provide opportunity to differentiate the gel-layer from that of swelling boundary.