• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.95-98
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• 1997

The Gaussian diffraction pattern initially assumed in the diffraction inverse problem is further sharply defined by multiplying $e^{-q{\omega}_0$\mid${\chi}$\mid$}$. The modified pupil function is obtained and the diffraction intensity distribution for the finite aperture ($-{\omega}_0~{\times}{\omega}_0$ is obtained, and then the OTF is derived analytically. It is found the OTF is equal to or less than the $(OTF)_{q=0}$, namely the modulation is not useful. It is shown that the narrowing down the initial Gaussian diffraction pattern does not give the anticipated improvement in OTF and the reason is clarified.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2002

This paper discusses problems of the Poisson Mixture model which Is widely used to decide the effective words in judging relevant document. Gamma Distribution model and Gauss Patterns model as an alternative of the Poisson Mixture model are studied. Classification experiments by using TREC sub-collection, WSJ[1,2] with MGQUERY and AidSearch3.0 system are discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.502-504
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• 2004

이동성이 중요시되는 네트워크에서 특정 프로토콜의 성능 평가를 위해서는 노드의 이동패턴을 정확하게 표현할 수 있는 Mobility Model이 필요하다. 노드의 연속적인 이동패턴을 필요로 하는 Mobile Ad-hoc 네트워크를 위해선 Markov process 기반의 Gauss-Markov Mobility Model이 적절하다. 그러나 맵의 엣지 부근에서 노드 이동의 부적절한 처리로 인해, 기존의 Gauss-Markov Model은 편중된 이동 패턴을 야기한다. 본 논문은 엣지 부근의 평균 이동각도를 랜덤하게 조정함으로써 기존의 모델이 가진 문제를 해결하고, 시뮬레이션을 통해서 이를 검증한다.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.185-193
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• 2003

The object of this study is to observe the effects of magnetism on the osteoblasts using a neodymium magnet. The osteoblasts was cultured under magnetic fields of varying intensities to evaluate the effect of magnetism on the activity and alkaline phosphatase acitivty of the osteoblasts. Osteoblasts were cultured in the cell density of $10^4$ for the evaluation of cell proliferation and 105/ml for the evaluation of ALP activity under 0. 10, 100, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 gauss for 24 hour. For evaluation of osteoblast morphologic changes under magnetic, osteoblasts were observed by inverted microscope and TEM. To elucidate if IGF-receptors are increased under the magnetic field, we investigated osteoblasts by immunofluoroscence staining. The results were as follows: In the varying intensities of magnetic fields, the degree of cell proliferation was the highest in the magnetic field of 10 gauss and this gradually decreased up to 1000 gauss. In the magnetic fields stronger than 1000 gauss, the degree of the cell proliferation decreased to an even lower level than that of the control group. The ALP activity and protein synthesis showed a similar increase pattern as the degree of cell proliferation compared to the control group but showed little difference. Under the microscope, morphological change of the cells ( decrease in length and increase in roundness) were observed but no peculiarity of cell distribution could be found according to the magnetic field line. In the proper intensity of magnetic fields (10 gauss), the cultured cells showed increase in number of IGF Receptors compared to that of the control group.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.107-115
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• 2006

This paper presents a new class of activation functions for Cascade Correlation learning algorithm, which herein will be called CosGauss function. This function is a cosine modulated gaussian function. In contrast to the sigmoidal, hyperbolic tangent and gaussian functions, more ridges can be obtained by the CosGauss function. Because of the ridges, it is quickly convergent and improves a pattern recognition speed. Consequently it will be able to improve a learning capability. This function was tested with a Cascade Correlation Network on the two spirals problem and results are compared with those obtained with other activation functions.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.391-396
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• 2011

The tracking pattern formed on the dielectric surface due to a surface electrical discharge exhibits fractal structure. In order to quantitatively investigate the fractal characteristics of the surface tracking pattern, the dielectric breakdown model has been employed to numerically generate the surface tracking pattern. In dielectric breakdown model, the pattern growth is determined stochastically by a probability function depending on the local electric potential difference. For the computation of the electric potential for all points of the lattice, a two-dimensional discrete Laplace equation is solved by mean of the successive over-relaxation method combined to the Gauss-Seidel method. The box counting method has been used to calculate the fractal dimensions of the simulated patterns with various exponent $\eta$ and breakdown voltage $\phi_b$. As a result of the simulation, it is found that the fractal nature of the surface tracking pattern depends strongly on $\eta$ and $\phi_b$.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-37
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• 2006

General expressions for solid state NMR lines are described for transitions under static, magic angle spinning, and variable angle spinning conditions in the case where the principal axis system for the anisotropic chemical shift tensor is noncoincident with that of the quadrupole coupling tensor. It is demonstrated that solid state NMR powder pattern simulation program VMAS based on the conventional grid point method of integrating over the Euler angle space is fast enough in comparison with the POWDER simulation package and Gauss-point method.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.387-396
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• 2010

A 3-D numeric model for the confined transient flow under sea ground have been developed. This is FDM model using Gauss-Seidel SOR (successive over-relaxation). This model shows the similar head distribution pattern to Theis analytic solution and MODFLOW simulation. The input flowrate to the aquifer and discharge of well have been compared. And it have been found that mass balance is influenced by the weight factor ${\alpha}$, i.e. fullyimplicit method (${\alpha}$=1) shows 5% error, but when ${\alpha}$ becomes to 0.5(Crank and Nicolson method) the mass balance becomes worse and the model result diverges. And the convergency of the model is not much different when $\lambda$ (over-relaxation factor)=0.8~1.5, but when $\lambda$>1.5, the model result diverges. The test-run shows that the well discharge becomes smaller when another well is near. This model can cover the isotropy$(Kx{\neq}Ky{\neq}Kz)$ and inhomogeneity, and can be used for the selection of well site, discharge calculation, and head prediction in case of the artificial recharge etc.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.205-212
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• 2018

In order to overcome shortcomings of commercial analysis program for solving certain geotechnical problems, finite element method adopting isoparametric quadrilateral element was selected as a tool for analyzing soil behavior and calculating process was programmed. Two examples were considered in order to verify reliability of the developed program. One of the two examples is the case of acting isotropic confining pressure on finite element and the other is the case of acting shear stress on the sides of the finite element. Isoparametric quadrilateral element was considered as the finite element and displacements in the element can be expressed by node displacements and shape functions in the considered element. Calculating process for determining strain which is defined by derivatives using global coordinates was coded using the Jacobian and the natural coordinates. Four point Gauss rule was adopted to convert double integral which defines stiffness of the element into numerical integration. As a result of executing analysis of the finite element under isotropic confining pressure, calculated stress corresponding to four Gauss points and center of the element were equal to the confining pressure. In addition, according to the analyzed results for the element under shear stress, horizontal stresses and vertical stresses were varied with positions in the element and the magnitudes and distribution pattern of the stresses were thought to be rational.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.743-747
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• 2007

There has been steady effect for the development of the electron-beam lithography technologies for the circuit patterning of the future semiconductor devices. In this study, we have performed a Monte-Carlo simulation whore $1{\times}10^4$ electrons with various kinetic energies (100eV, 300eV, 500eV, 700eV, and 1000eV) were shot into polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) resist of 100-nm thickness. The penetration depth of each electron beam in the resist layer were analyzed using Gaussian analysis method.