• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.744-753
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• 2023

Background/Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and natural progression of subepithelial lesions (SELs) in the upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract. Methods: The medical records of patients with UGI SELs who underwent endoscopic screening at eight university hospitals between January and December 2010 were retrospectively investigated. The follow-up evaluations were performed until December 2016. Results: UGI SELs were found in 1,044 of the 65,233 participants screened (endoscopic prevalence, 1.60%; the total number of lesions, 1,062; mean age, 55.1±11.2 years; men, 53.6%). The median follow-up period was 48 (range, 8-74) months. SELs were most frequently found in the stomach (63.8%) and had a mean size of 9.9±6.1 mm. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was performed in 293 patients (28.1%). The most common lesions were leiomyomas, followed by gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), and ectopic pancreas. The proportions of SELs with malignant potential according to size were 3% (<1 cm), 22% (1-2 cm), 27% (2-3 cm), and 38% (≥3 cm). In gastric SELs larger than 1 cm, resections were performed in 20 patients because of an increase in size, of which 12 were found to be GISTs. Conclusions: The prevalence of UGI SELs was 1.60%. Further, 23% of gastric SELs ≥1 cm were precancerous lesions, most followed by EUS and clinical decisions without initial pathological confirmation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.667-675
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• 2017

Objective : Total resection without consecutive postoperative whole brain radiation therapy is indicated for patients with a single or two sites of brain metastasis, with close follow-up by serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, we explored the effectiveness, usefulness, and safety of this follow-up regimen. Methods : From January 2006 to December 2015, a total of 109 patients (76 males, 33 females) underwent tumor resection as the first treatment for brain metastases (97 patients with single metastases, 12 with two metastases). The mean age was 59.8 years (range 27-80). The location of the 121 tumors in the 109 patients was supratentorial (n=98) and in the cerebellum (n=23). The origin of the primary cancers was lung (n=45), breast (n=17), gastrointestinal tract (n=18), hepatobiliary system (n=8), kidney (n=7), others (n=11), and unknown origin (n=3). The 121 tumors were totally resected. Follow-up involved regular clinical and MRI assessments. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) after tumor resection were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier methods based on clinical prognostic factors. Results : During the follow-up, MRI scans were done for 85 patients (78%) with 97 tumors. Fifty-six of the 97 tumors showed no recurrence without adjuvant local treatment, representing a numerical tumor recurrence-free rate of 57.7%. Mean and median RFS was 13.6 and 5.3 months, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed the cerebellar location of the tumor as the only statistically significant prognostic factor related to RFS (p=0.020). Mean and median OS was 15.2 and 8.1 months, respectively. There were no significant prognostic factors related to OS. The survival rate at one year was 8.2% (9 of 109). Conclusion : With close and regular clinical and image follow-up, initial postoperative observation without prompt postoperative radiation therapy can be applied in patients of brain metastasi(e)s when both the tumor(s) are completely resected.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4369-4371
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• 2012

Aim: Metastatic tumor of bone is the most common malignancy involving bone and is an important predictor of prognosis in advanced cancers. The prognosis depends upon the primary site of origin and the extent of disease. In current study, we present the pattern and distribution of metastatic bone disease seen in the leading cancer care center of Pakistan, Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital & Research Center (SKMCH & RC), Lahore. Materials & Methods: All cases of bony metastatic disease were included that presented in the Pathology Department, from Jan 2005 to July 2011. Patients of all ages and both sexes were included. Primary bone tumors, lymphomas, sarcomas and other malignancies were excluded. The data were recorded and analyzed with SPSS 16.0. Results: A total of 146 cases of metastatic bone disease were included in the study. Out of the total cases, 79 were male and 67 were female. Age range 25-82 years (median 52). Hip bone was the most frequent bone involved, with femur and vertebrae as second and third in the list. The commonest bone involved in males was vertebrae with 23 cases and in females was hip bone with 22 cases. Regarding primary site, cancers of breast, prostate and gastrointestinal tract were at the top of the list with prostate and breast being the most frequent primary sites of metastasis in males and females respectively. Conclusion: Bone metastasis is an important entity to consider in the differential diagnosis whenever a bony tumor especially carcinoma present in older age. Our data are comparable with international findings and the literature available regarding the site and distribution of skeletal metastatic lesions. A slight deviation noted was more common bony metastatic lesions with ovarian primaries in females and gastrointestinal tract cancers in males in our study.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2011

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a mesenchymal tumor and is associated with a specific immunophenotype index. It is very important to identify the specific immunophenotype and the diagnosis for the treatment GIST patients. Ninety two cases of GIST analyzed in this study were immuno-stained for c-kit, DOG1, CD34, PKC-${\theta}$, PDGFR-${\alpha}$. The rate of positive staining and statistical significance were then compared. In addition, the GISTs were analyzed as followings: very low risk, low risk, intermediate risk and high risk according to tumor size and nuclear division, and later correlated with clinical parameters. The results of the GIST positive stainings were: DOG1 (95.7%), PKC-${\theta}$ (90.2%), PDGFR-${\alpha}$ (88.0%), c-kit (87.0%) and CD34 (71.7%). Only DOG1 staining showed a statistical significance of p<0.05. It was identified in the classification system of histologic risk that staining expression of DOG1, PKC-${\theta}$, PDGFR-${\alpha}$ were significantly increased as histologic risk increases (p<0.05). However, clinical parameters such as age and sex of patients have no correlations with the classification system of histologic risk (p>0.05). Therefore, in this study, the expression of DOG1 showed statistical significance and DOG1, PKC-${\theta}$, PDGFR-${\alpha}$ staining increased significantly as the histologic risk increases in histologic classification system. Taken together, the DOG1 staining should be very effective for the diagnosis of GIST patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권18호
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• pp.7769-7773
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• 2014

Background: Some tumor types are related to HIV, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The morbidity and mortality of NHL has remained high, even after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was introduced. We collected cases of AIDS with NHL, and evaluated the imaging features and strategies for diagnosis. Materials and Methods: There were 27 patients with AIDS and tumors confirmed by pathology. There were 9 patients with Burkitt lymphoma, 16 with diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCLs), and 2 with primary central nervous system (PCNS) lymphomas. All of the patients underwent a series of imaging studies. Three radiologists analyzed the images, and any disagreement was discussed until consensus was reached. Results: The radiologic manifestations of AIDS with NHL were mainly masses and lymphadenopathy, 3 patients having one mass and 12 two or more masses. 7 patients had lymphadenopathy in one site and 3patients had lymphadenopathy in two or more sites. Coarse mucosal folds, thickening of the gastrointestinal wall, and lumen narrowing were typical manifestations of NHL within the gastrointestinal tract. There were 4 patients with masses and 5 with lymphadenopathy inthe 9 with Burkitt lymphoma, and 11 patients with masses 5 with lymphadenopathy in the 16 with DLBCLs. Conclusion: NHL is a malignancy that usually occurs in patients with AIDS. Imaging is an important method by which to evaluate lesions, masses, and lymphadenopathy. Fine needle aspiration biopsy and stereotaxis biopsy are useful methods by which to diagnose NHL.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.2285-2289
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• 2016

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the elderly is an entity introduced in the latest WHO classification of lymphoid tumors and defined in patients older than 50 years without prior lymphoma or immunodeficiency. However, recently it has also been seen in patients under 50. There is thus debate as to whether these are separate entities. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed de novo DLBCL admitted to our institute over a period of two years. Clinical data included age, sex, nodal and extranodal presentation. The results of an immunohistochemistry (IHC) panel were also reviewed. IHC findings were mainly used to sub-classify DLBCL as germinal center vs. non germinal center types. IHC for identification of LMP-1 (latent membrane protein) and in situ hybridization for detection of EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) was performed. EBV prevalence, clinical data and IHC findings were compared between patients under and over 50 years of age. Results: Out of 95 DLBCL, 11.6% were EBV positive (7.5% and 14.5% in the young and old groups). We did not find any significant differences in IHC subclasses and clinical data between EBV positive DLBCL (EBV+DLBCL) of young and old groups. Conclusions: EBV+DLBCL are not exclusive to patients older than 50 years. With regard to clinical data as well as IHC subclasses, no differences were evident between EBV+DLBCL of young and old groups. Our suggestion is to eliminate any cut off age for EBV+DLBCL.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.2795-2799
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• 2016

Purpose: To study histomorphological and immunohistochemical patterns of gastro-intestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A total of 29 GIST cases from Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar, Seremban, were studied retrospectively over a period of 10 years from January 2002 to December 2011. Patient demographic data like age, sex and etnicity were collected. Tumour characteristics like site, maximum dimension and specimen type were analysed. Evaluation was according to established criteria into very low, low, intermediate and high-risk categories. Immunohistochemical characteristics were also analysed. Results: The mean age of patients was 59.7 years. Males (59%) were found to be more commonly affected than females (41%). The Chinese (45%) were commonly affected than Malays (41%), and Indians (10%). The most common symptom was pain in the abdomen (13.8%). More than half of the cases were seen in stomach (53%). The tumour size ranged from 1.5 cm to 17 cm with a mean of 6.94cm. Microscopic findings revealed that the spindle cell type was the most common (76%). It was observed that the majority of the cases (48%) were categorised in the intermediate risk group. Immunohistochemical staining showed positivity for CD117 (78.6%), CD34 (71.4%), vimentin (86.2%), S-100 (27.6%), SMA (35.7%), PKC THETA (46.4%) and PDGRFA (67.9%).

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.394-401
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• 1999

저자들은 전산화단층촬영 유도하에 경피적 세침 생검으로 진단하고 수술로 종괴를 절제한 우상엽의 종괴로 나타난 폐실질의 염증성 가성종양 1예와 우측 주기관지를 거의 막고 있는 종괴로 나타난 기관지 내의 염증성 가성종양 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.24-28
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• 2013

위암은 최근 50년간 5년 생존율에 있어서 미약하게만 상승되었다. 이에 따라 위암에 대한 분자생물학적 치료에 대한 여러 연구가 진행되고 있다. 이에 진행성, 전이성 위암에서의 분자생물학적 치료에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. 위암의 분자생물학적 치료의 타켓으로는 EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor), HER(Human epidermal growth factor receptor), VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor)를 들 수 있다. 대표적으로 분자생물학적 치료 중 trastuzumab은 HER2과발현 환자에게 유용하게 사용될 수 있어, 기존 항암화학요법에 복합투여해 볼 수 있다. Trastuzumab와 그 밖의 여러 분자생물학적 제재에 대해 본 연구에서 살펴보고자 한다.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제83권6호
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• pp.1240-1258
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• 2022

림프계는 염증 및 악성 세포의 확산 경로를 제공한다. 종양이 확산되는 림프절의 위치와 림프 배액 경로를 인지하는 것은 종양의 병기 결정, 치료 방법 선택 및 환자의 예후 예측에 중요하다. 복강 내 악성 종양에서 림프절 전이는 흔하기 때문에 림프절 전이를 발견하고 질병의 확산 방식을 이해하는 것은 영상의학과 의사에게 필수적이다. 이 임상화보에서는 도식적인 그림들과 림프절을 색으로 표시한 CT 영상을 사용하여, 상부 및 하부 위장관, 간, 담낭, 담관 및 췌장의 림프절 위치와 이름, 그리고 림프 배수 경로에 관해 기술하였다. 또한 각 장기에서 발생하는 악성 종양의 국소 림프절의 종류에 대해 기술하고 몇몇 증례의 영상을 제시하였다.