• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.512-518
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• 2006

The evidence containing some kind of petroleum at the fire spot was analyzed by gas chromatography to identify a fire's sources. To extract some petroleum from fire evidence, 10.0 mL of n-hexane was added in this solution, and it was shaken for 30 minutes. To identify a kind of petroleum in fire evidence, the prepared n-hexane solution was injected and analyzed in the gas chromatograph. The chromatogram of sample was different from those of thinner and gasoline that have low boiling point, and shown different peak pattern to heating and boiler oils. But it was similar to the chromatogram of diesel oil. After small amount of diesel oil was added to the sample, the area of characteristic peaks was increased more than those of raw sample. From the results, the kind of petroleum in the fire evidence was diesel oil.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.26-32
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• 2008

This research presents a simulation for the fuel economy of parallel diesel hybrid vehicle. Diesel engines compared to gasoline engines have the advantages of higher fuel economy and lower $CO_2$ emission. One of the most ways to meet future fuel economy and emissions regulation is to combine diesel engine technology with a hybrid electric vehicle. The simulation of HEV is growing need for rapid analysis of the many configurations and component options. WAVE, a one-dimensional engine analysis tool, was used to a 2.7L diesel engine. ADVISOR, designed for rapid analysis of the performance and fuel economy of vehicle models, was used to conventional and hybrid electric vehicle by the use of output file from WAVE as the input engine data file for ADVISOR. A parallel diesel HEV is at least $19.7{\sim}36%$ higher fuel economy and improved acceleration ability compared to a conventional diesel vehicle. The energy loss of the parallel diesel HEV is $23{\sim}38%$ less than the conventional vehicle using regeneration.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.26 no.B
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• pp.21-28
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• 2006

A diesel truck of 1 ton is re-powered by a gasoline engine and the fuelling system of gasoline engine modified to gasoline/CNG bi fuel system. The engine characteristics such as fuel economy and power are evaluated by driving rest, sloping test and dynamometer. The driving test prove the driving cost is saved by 55% and the maximum speed is raised by 13%, which is mainly due to the higher calorific value of CNG. The sloping test is done on the road of which slope is 15%. The truck shows the mean velocity of 88km/h, which means that a re-powered truck is working fine. The BHP are measured by dynamometer. The power and torque produced by a re-powered truck are reduced by 13% and 14% respectively from the power of gasoline engine. The BHP reduction is one of main problems which one has to solve in near future.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.221-226
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• 2018

Despite the increasingly stringent automotive emissions regulations, the impact of vehicle emissions on air pollution remains large. In addition, since the issue of emission of more exhaust gas than the exhaust gas measured in the test room when the vehicle passing the exhaust gas regulation standard is run on the actual road, many countries studied and introduced gas regulations about Real Driving Emission using Portable Emission Measurement System. At present, Korea regulations restrict the number of NOx and PN in diesel vehicles. In the case of gasoline vehicles, there is no regulation on emission gas, but there is a problem of continuing automobile exhaust gas problems and a large amount of gasoline GDI vehicle's PN emission. So research and interest are increasing due to this problem. In this study, characteristics of exhaust gas depending on changes of ambient temperature were analyzed among various factors affecting exhaust gas measurement of gasoline vehicles. As a result, at the low temperature test, the lower the ambient temperature, the more the exhaust gas was emitted. At ordinary temperature test, no specific tendency was observed due to changes of ambient temperature.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.919-924
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• 2000

Spray impingement model and fuel film formation model were developed and incorporated into the computational fluid dynamics code, STAR-CD. The spray/wall interaction process were modelled by considering the change of behaviour with surface temperature condition and fuel film formation. We divided behaviour of fuel droplets after impingement into stick, rebound and splash using Weber number and parameter K. Spray impingement model accounts for mass conservation, energy conservation and heat transfer to the impinging droplets. A fuel film formation model was developed by Integrating the continuity, the Navier-Stokes and the energy equations along the direction of fuel film thickness. The validation of the model was conducted using diesel spray experimental data and gasoline spray impingement experiment. In all cases, the prediction compared reasonably well with experimental results. Spray impingement model and fuel film formation model have been applied to a direct injection diesel engine combustion chamber.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.249-256
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• 2000

In order to investigate the effectiveness of methanol, which has high latent heat of evaporation and oxygen contents, for DI diesel engine performance and exhaust emission, the methanol was injected at the suction port of DI diesel engine. The injector used for test was conventional gasoline engine injector and controlled the quantity of methanol per cycle by the power supply controller which designed specially for injector. The results shown that the maximum pressure point was delayed, the value of maximum pressure was decreased, and the concentrations of both NOx and Soot were decreased, as the methanol injection quantity increased, and also the thermal efficiency of engine injected methanol under the high load condition was similar to no methanol injection but under the medium load condition was decreased within the experimental conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.401-406
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• 2000

Spilling of petroleum hydrocarbons such as gasoline, motor oils, and diesel fuel from underground storage tanks (USTs) is a major source of contamination to ground water and soils. In response to the need of developing an effective and economical cleanup technique, this study investigates the effectiveness of using sonication to enhance the soil flushing method. The study involves laboratory testing, and the testing was conducted using a specially designed and fabricated device to determine the effect of sonication on contaminant removal. The sonication was applied at 20 kHz frequency under different power levels. Test soil was Joomoonjin Sand, and diesel fuel was used as a contaminant of soil flushing test. The results of the investigation show that sonication enhanced the contaminant removal from soils significantly, and the degree of enhancement varied with power levels of sonication. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that the flushing method with sonication has a great potential to become an effective method for removing petroleum hydrocarbons from the contaminated ground.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.13 no.1_2
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• pp.27-31
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• 1998

Motor vehicle exhaust is the major cause to the air contamination in Seoul. It includes many toxic chemicals to human health such as aidehyde, PAHs, benzene, xylene, toluene, benzo[a]pyrene, nickel, arsenic and cadmium in gasoline exhaust and formaldehyde, PAHs, 1,3-butadiene, benzene and particulate matter in diesel exhaust. Some chemicals out of them are classified as a human carcinogen. Many large diesel vehicles such as buses and trucks are drivened frequently in Seoul so that the air in Seoul is seriously contaminated by diesel exhaust, especially particulate matter. The amounts of particulate matter from large diesel vehicles may be estimated to be more than 50% of small dust in Seoul. The particles of particulate matter are coated with many toxic chemicals and some of these are considered as a human carcinogen. The cancer risk has to be throughly managed because the population density of Seoul is very high. Government should list hazardous air pollutants in Seoul, assess the exposure of people to toxic pollutants, especially carcinogens and manage human health risk.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.215-220
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• 1997

CNG dual fuel engine for heavy duty diesel engine developed by AFS International in Canada has been equipped to a Korean city bus engine and tested to compare the engine performance and the emission characteristics with the existing diesel fueled engine. Also the dual-fuel engine was applied to the city bus for road test. The results are summarized as follows. Performance optimization has been carried out to have engine power equivalent to or better than the diesel fueled engine. Smoke is decreased by 85% by Korean smoke 3 mode test. By 13 mode test CO is increased by 453% and THC is increased by 2, 086%. NOx is decreased by 7% in laboratory. D-13 test mode was changed in 1996 Korean regulation. Even though THC is increased very much, it's not too serious problem since CO and HC emission of diesel engine is very little compared to gasoline engine and more than 75% of THC is CH$_4$. But the reduction technologies of CO and HC has to be considered.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.58-64
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• 2002

A diesel engine has various merits such as high thermal-efficiency, superior fuel consumption and durability. Therefore the number of diesel engine in the world is increasing. As the seriousness of environmental pollution increases in the world, the method to reduce the noxious materials of CO2, NOx and P.M. is very important subject to correspond to exhaust gas regulations. A new concept, so called premixed charge compression ignition(PCCI), is focused among the various corresponding manners. In this study, we investigated the combustion characteristics of PCCI engine using a mixed fuels with that of commercial diesel engine. Finally we grasped a emission characteristics of PCCI engine. From this experiment, it could be found that NOx reduction is caused by the lower maximum temperature and soot reduction is caused by rapid combustion under diffusion combustion part. Also, it was found that 1st-combustion(cool flame) and 2nd-combustion(hot flame) is appeared in heat release curve, exhaust gas temperature is diminished and combustion variation is increased according to increasing of gasoline ratio.