• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2011

Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is the best concept able to provide low NOx and PM in diesel engine emissions. This new alternative combustion process is mainly controlled by chemical kinetics in comparison with the conventional combustion in internal combustion engine. However, HCCI engine's operation have an excessive rate of pressure rising during the combustion process. In this study, stratification condition of EGR exhaust gases was used to reduce the pressure rising during the combustion process in HCCI engine. Also, combustion characteristics and emissions characteristics were investigated using the detailed diesel surrogate reaction mechanism.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2009

Effect of heterogeneity of combustion chamber has been thought as one of the way to avoid dramatically generating heat in HCCI Combustion. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of heterogeneity, especially thermal stratification and fuel strength stratification on HCCI Combustion fueled with DME and n-Butane. Thermal stratification is formed in Combustion Chamber of Rapid Compression Machine with 3 Kinds of pre-mixture has different properties. The stratified charge mixture is adiabatic compressed and on that process, in cylinder gas pressure and two-dimensional chemiluminescence images are measured and analyzed.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.129-135
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• 2010

Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines have the potential to provide both diesel-like efficiency and very low emissions of nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate matter(PM). However, several technical issues still must be resolved before HCCI can see application. Among these, steep pressure-rise rate which leads to narrow operating range of HCCI engine continues to be a major issue. This work investigates the combination of two methods to mitigate the excessive pressure-rise rates at high power output, namely fuel stratification and Cooled exhaust-gas recirculation (Cooled EGR), after identifying the each effects to pressure-rise rate. When applying the fuel stratification to simulation, total fuelling width of 0.15 at BDC is set as a equivalent ratio difference based on the previous research. In order to simulate the effects of cooled EGR, $CO_2$ mole fraction in pre-mixture is changed ranging from 0 to 30%. DME which has a characteristic of two-stage ignition is used as a fuel.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.1035-1042
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• 2010

HCCI 엔진연소에서 열적성층화 효과는 노킹을 회피하는 수단으로서 생각되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 DME 와 n-Butane 을 연료로 하는 HCCI 엔진연소의 열적성층화 효과를 조사하였다. 예혼합기가 연소실내부에 투입되고 부력의 효과를 이용하여 연소실 내부에 열적성층화를 형성한다. 그 뒤에 피스톤의 압축에 의해서 단열압축 시킨 후 연소실압력과 2 차원화학발광법을 계측하여 해석하였다. 열적성층화가 존재하는 경우에는, 저온산화반응과 고온산화반응의 시작시기가 균질한 경우에 비해서 진각되었고 연소기간은 길어졌다. 발광의 시작은 온도가 높은 곳에서부터 시작하여 온도가 낮은 곳으로 전파 되는 것을 확인하였고 발광기간도 길어짐을 확인하였다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 자착화특성이 다른 DME와 n-Butane을 이용하여 다양한 흡기공급방식에 따른 HCCI엔진연소에서 압력상승률의 저감특성에 대하여 조사하였다. 연소실내부의 가스압력측정, 광학측정용 엔진을 이용한 화학발광법의 측정 그리고 화학반응수치계산을 통하여 연소실내부에서 각 국소부분의 연소특성을 파악하였다. 최대압력상승률은 DME와 n-Butane의 혼합 상태에 의해 결정되어진다. DME가 성층화되고 n-Butane이 균일하게 분포되진 조건에서 가장 많이 감소되는데 두 연료가 균일한 경우에 비해서 최대압력상승률은 0.25MPa/ms 로 저감되었고 CA50도 5deg 지각되었다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.455-462
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• 2006

Natural gas is a promising alternative fuel to meet strict engine emission regulations in many countries. Natural gas engines can operate at lean burn and stoichiometric burn conditions with different combustion and emission characteristics. In this paper, the fuel economy, emissions, misfire, knock and cycle-to-cycle variations in indicated mean effective pressure of lean burn natural gas engines are highlighted. Stoichiometric burn natural gas engines are briefly reviewed. To keep the output power and torque of natural gas engines comparable to that of gasoline engines, high boosting pressure should be used. High activity catalyst for methane oxidation and lean deNOx system or three way catalyst with precisely control strategies should be developed to meet stringent emission standards.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.449-456
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• 2010

HCCI 엔진은 고효율, 저공해를 실현할 수 있는 차세대 내연기관이다. 그러나 HCCI 엔진이 상용화되기 위해서는 몇 가지 문제점들이 해결되어야 한다. 그 중에서 가장 큰 문제점은 과도한 압력 상승률이 노킹을 발생시키기 때문에 운전영역이 제한되는 것이다. 이번 연구의 목적은 HCCI 엔진에서 압력상승률 저감을 위하여 온도 성층화와 농도 성층화 효과를 조사하는 것이다. 그리고 Multi-zone 모델을 이용한 화학반응 수치해석을 통하여 연소 및 배기가스 특성에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 수치해석에서 2 단계 열발생을 가지는 DME와 1단계 열발생을 가지는 메탄을 사용하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.1043-1050
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• 2010

HCCI엔진에는 농도성층화와 열적성층화가 존재하고, 이것들은 착화와 연소과정에 영향을 미치고 있다. 본 연구에서는 예혼합기의 불균질성이 HCCI연소과정에 미치는 영향에 대해서 조사하였다. 우선 4행정광학엔진을 이용하여 잔류가스가 있는 경우와 급속압축장치를 이용하여 잔류가스가 없는 경우의 예혼합기의 불균질성에 대하여 비교분석하였다. DME를 연료로 이용하고 프래밍카메라를 사용하여 2차원화학발광이미지를 취득하였다. 그 결과, 잔류가스가 있는 불균질 한 경우에 4행정엔진실험에서는 연소현상이 공간적으로 연소현상의 시간차이가 발생하였다. 잔류가스가 없는 급속압축장치의 실험에서는 4행정기관의 결과에 비해서 더 적은 공간적인 변화가 존재하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.1229-1235
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• 2010

With the increase of human activities since the Industrial Revolution, atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentration has increased, which is believed the cause of climate change. Methane ($CH_4$) fluxes were measured at two commercial swine barns (Jarvis and Guelph) with a four tower micrometeorological mass balance method. Two and three separate measurements were conducted at Jarvis and at Guelph, respectively. In the Jarvis experiments from May to July, mean $CH_4$ flux ($490.4{\mu}g/m^2/s$) during daytime was lower than that during nighttime ($678.0{\mu}g/m^2/s$) (p<0.05), which would be caused by break of slurry temperature stratification. In the Guelph experiment from January to April, mean $CH_4$ flux ($62.9{\mu}g/m^2/s$) during daytime was higher than that during nighttime ($39.0{\mu}g/m^2/s$) (p<0.05), which would be generated by high slurry temperature at 3 cm depth after April 6. Slurry temperature stratification in the Guelph experiment would happen from January to March.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.97-103
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• 1997

Effects of fuel injection timing on the lean misfire limit of a sequential MPI SI engine has been investigated. To investigate the interaction of injection timing and intake flow characteristics, so called axial stratification phenomena, 4 kinds of different intake swirl port of the same combustion chamber geometry have been teated in a single cylinder engine test bench. And 2 kinds of fuel, gasoline and compressed natural gas(CNG), were used to see the effect of liquid fuel vaporization. Result shows that combination of port swirl and injection timing governs the lean misfire limit and lean misfire limit envelopes remain almost the same for a given ratio regardless of engine speed. It is also found that two phase flow has some effects on lean misfire limit.