• 센서학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.147-153
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• 2023

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) of cobalt gallate were synthesized and deposited on gold electrodes using self-assembly monolayers (SAMs) and hydrothermal processing. These MOF films exhibit strong adsorption capabilities for gaseous particulates, and the use of SAMs allows the synthesis and deposition processes to be completed in a single step. When cobalt gallate is mixed with SAMs, a coordination bond is formed between the cobalt ion and the carboxylate or hydroxyl groups of the SAMs, particularly under hydrothermal conditions. Additionally, the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) gas sensor accurately measures the number of particulates adsorbed on the MOF films in real-time. Thus, the QCM gas sensor is a valuable tool for quantitatively measuring gases, such as SO₂, NO₂, and CO₂. Furthermore, the QCM MOF film gas sensor was more effective for gas adsorption than the MOF particles alone and allowed the accurate modeling of gas adsorption. Moreover, the QCM MOF films accurately detect the adsorption-desorption mechanisms of SO₂ and NO₂, which exist as gaseous particulate matter, at specific gas concentrations.

• 한국가스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가스학회 2005년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.83-87
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• 2005

The kinetics of the direct synthesis of DME was studied under different conditions over a temperature range of $220\~280^{\circ}C$, syngas ratio $1.2\~ 3.0$ All experiment were carried out over hybrid catalyst, composed to a methanol synthesis catalyst (Cu/ZnO/$Al_2O_3$) and a dehydration Catalyst ($\gamma$-Al_2O_3$) The observed reaction rate qualitatively follows a Langmiur-Hinshellwood type of reaction mechanism. Such a mechanism is considered with three reaction, methanol synthesis, methanol dehydration and water gas shift reaction. From a surface reaction with dissociative adsorption of hydrogen, methanol and water, individual reaction rate was determined

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2019년도 정기학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.134-134
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• 2019

Utilization of organic waste as a renewable energy source is promising for sustainability and mitigation of climate change. Pyrolysis converts organic waste to gas, oil, and biochar by incomplete biomass combustion. Biochar is widely used as a soil conditioner and adsorbent. Biochar adsorbs/desorbs metals and ions depending on the soil environment and condition to act as a nutrient buffer in soils. Biochar is also regarded as a carbon storage by fixation of organic carbon. Phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) are strictly controlled in many wastewater treatment plants because it causes eutrophication in water bodies. P and N is removed by biological and chemical methods in wastewater treatment plants and transferred to sludge for disposal. On the other hand, P is an irreplaceable essential element for all living organisms and its resource (phosphate rock) is estimated about 100 years of economical mining. Therefore, P and N recovery from waste and wastewater is a critical issue for sustainable human society. For the purpose, intensive researches have been carried out to remove and recover P and N from waste and wastewater. Previous studies have shown that biochars can adsorb and desorbed phosphates implying that biochars could be a complementary fertilizer. However, most of the conventional biochar have limited capacity to adsorb phosphates and nitrate. Recent studies have focused on biochar impregnated with metal salts to improve phosphates and nitrate adsorption by synthesizing biochars with novel structures and surface properties. Metal salts and metal oxides have been used for the surface modification of biochars. If P removal is the only concern, P adsorption kinetics and capacity are the only important factors. If both of P and N removal and the application of recovery are concerned, however, P and N desorption characteristics and bioavailability are also critical factors to be considered. Most of the researches on impregnated biochars have focused on P removal efficiency and kinetics. In this study, coffee waste is thermally treated to produce biochar and it was impregnated with Mg/Al to enhance phosphates and nitrate adsorption/desorption and P bioavailability to increase its value as a fertilizer. Kinetics of phosphates and nitrate adsorption/desorption and bioavailability analysis were carried out to estimate its potential as a P and N removal adsorbent in wasewater and a fertilizer in soil.

• 공업화학
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 2009

차세대 청정 연료로 각광받고 있는 천연가스를 자동차 등의 이동원의 동력원으로 사용하기 위해 높은 에너지 밀도로 저장하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 특히 상온 및 과히 높지 않은 압력(35~40 기압)에서 흡착을 이용하여 천연가스를 저장(ANG)하는 것은 압축에 의한 CNG 및 냉각에 의한 LNG에 비해 경제적이고 안전하며 사용이 용이한 특성이 있다. 그러나 상업적으로 통용되기 위해 필요한 저장 용량을 얻을 수 있는 경제적인 흡착제가 현재 알려져 있지 않아 다양한 연구가 계속되고 있다. 최근에 많은 연구가 되고 있는 MOF (metal-organic frameworks)를 포함한 나노 세공체도 하나의 답이 될 수 있다. 본 총설에서는 ANG 밀도를 높이기 위해 필요한 흡착제의 물성과 상업적으로 적용하기 위해 요구되는 흡착제 물성에 대해 요약하였다. 높은 에너지 밀도를 위해서는 넓은 표면적, 큰 미세 세공 부피, 적당한 세공 크기 및 높은 밀도 등이 필요하고 낮은 흡탈착 에너지 및 빠른 흡탈착 속도가 요구된다. 또한 탈착시 상압에서 잔존하는 천연가스의 양이 적어 실제 활용할 수 있는 천연가스의 양(delivery)이 높아야 한다. 현재 매우 활발히 연구되고 있는 나노 세공체를 천연가스 저장물질로 적용하고자 하는 연구도 다양하게 이루어지고 있으며 이러한 물성을 만족하는 나노세공체가 개발되기를 기대한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 C
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• pp.858-860
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• 1998

A Pd-SiC Schottky diode for detection of hydrogen gas operating at high temperature was fabricated. Hydrogen-sensing behaviors of Pd-SiC Schottky diode have been analyzed as a function of hydrogen concentration and temperature by I-V and ${\Delta}I$-t methods under steady-state and transient conditions. The effect of hydrogen adsorption on the barrier height was investigated. Analysis of the steady-state kinetics using I-V method confirmed that the atomistic hydrogen adsorption process is responsible for the barrier height change in the diode.

• 공업화학
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.375-381
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• 2013

상업용 니켈 촉매를 사용하여 메탄과 천연가스의 수증기 개질 반응을 각각 수행하였다. 수증기 개질 반응의 변수는 반응 온도와 반응물의 분압이었다. Kinetic data로부터 Power law rate model과 Langmuir-Hinshelwood model의 매개변수를 구하였다. 순수한 메탄을 수증기 개질 반응 실험의 원료로 사용한 경우에는 Langmuir-Hinshelwood model 식은 물론이고 Power law rate model을 사용하여 반응 속도를 적절하게 표현할 수 있었다. 그러나 천연가스 중의 메탄의 수증기개질 반응 속도를 표현하는데 있어서는 Power law rate model보다 Langmuir-Hinshelwood model이 훨씬 더 적합한 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 거동은 천연가스 중에 포함되어있는 메탄, 에탄, 프로판 및 부탄이 동일한 촉매 활성점에 경쟁적으로 흡착하기 때문으로 해석할 수 있었다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.448-453
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• 1999

Pd-SiC 쇼트키 다이오드를 이용한 수소 가스 센서를 개발하였다. Pd-SiC 쇼트키 다이오드의 수소 가스 감지특성을 I-V 및 ${\Delta}I$-t 분석을 통하여 수소 농도와 온도 함수로서 분석하였다. 또한, 수소 흡착에 의한 Pd-SiC 쇼트키 다이오드의 장벽 높이의 변화를 조사하였다. 수소 원자의 흡착이 다이오드의 장벽 높이의 변화와 관계되는 것을 I-V 분석을 이용하여 정상 상태에서의 가스 반응 속도론에 의하여 확인하였다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.205-214
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• 2014

Petroleum a vital commodity affecting every aspect of 21st century. Toxicity and adverse effects of sulphur as catalyst in petroleum products is of great concern required development of techniques for desulphurization in compliance with the International standards. Installation of desulphurizing units costs over $200 million per unit placing economic burden on developing countries like Pakistan. Present study analysis of commercial fuels (station petrol and jet fuel JP8) on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) identified sulphur concentration of 19.94 mg/L and 21.75 mg/L, respectively. This scenario urged the researcher to attempt synthesis of material that is likely to offer good adsorption capacity for sulphur. Following protocol of sol-gel method, transition metals (Ni, Cu, Zn) solution is gelated with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS; silica precursor) using glycerol. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra revealed bonding of Zn-O, Cu-O, and Ni-O by stretching vibrations at $468cm^{-1}$, $617cm^{-1}$, and $468cm^{-1}$, respectively. Thiophene and Benzothiophene mixed in n-heptane and benzene (4:1) for preparation of Model Fuels I and II, respectively. Each of silica based metal was applied as adsorbent in batch mode to assess the removal efficiency. Results demonstrated optimal desulphurization of more than 90% following efficacy order as Si-Ni > Si-Zn > Si-Cu based adsorbents. Proposed multilayered (Freundlich) adsorption mechanism follows ${\pi}$-complexation with pseudo secnd order kinetics.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제49권7호
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• pp.388-393
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• 2000

Hydrogen-sensing behaviors of Pd- and Pt-SiC Schottky diodes, fabricated on the same SiC substrate, have been systematically compared and analyzed as a function of hydrogen concentration and temperature by I-V and$\DeltaI-t$ methods under steady-state and transient conditions. The effects of hydrogen adsorption on the device parameters such as the barrier height are investigated. The significant differences in their hydrogen sensing characteristics have been examined in terms of sensitivity limit, linearity of response, response rate, and response time. For the investigated temperature range, Pd-SiC Schottky diode shows better performance for H2 detection than Pt-SiC Schottky diode under the same testing conditions. The physical and chemical mechanisms responsible for hydrogen detection are discussed. Analysis of the steady-state reaction kinetics using I-V method confirmed that the atomistic hydrogen process is responsible for the barrier height change in the diodes.

• 공업화학
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2006

디메틸에테르(이하 DME)는 환경에 친화적인 새로운 청정에너지이다. 또한 DME는 다양한 에너지원으로부터 제조 되어지며, 그 에너지원으로는 천연가스, 석탄, 바이오매스, 폐플라스틱 등이 있다. 이런 DME는 LPG와 매우 유사한 성질을 특징으로 가지고 있다. 이러한 결과로 DME는 LPG, 연료전지, 발전연료, 특히 디젤의 대체 연료로 고려되고 있으며, 2010년 대체 에너지로 기대되고 있다. DME 직접합성반응의 반응속도를 측정하기 위하여 서로 다른 조건인 온도 $220{\sim}280^{\circ}C$, 합성가스 비율 1.2~3.0에서 실험을 수행하였다. 모든 실험은 혼성촉매를 사용하여 수행하였으며, 혼성촉매는 메탄올 합성 촉매와 메탄올 탈수촉매가 포함되어 있다. 반응속도는 랭미어-힌쉘우드 타입의 반응 메커니즘을 따르며, 메탄올 합성반응, 메탄올 탈수반응, 수성가스 전환반응, 이 세 가지 반응의 메커니즘을 고려하였다. 각 반응의 반응속도는 촉매상의 표면반응과 수소와 메탄올, 그리고 물의 해리흡작으로 결정하였다.