• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.120-126
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• 2001

The Haidian Garden of Zhongguancun Science and Technology Zone is an area with high intellectual intensity. It is therefore known as China's Silicon Valley. The Summer Palace, a World Heritage Site, sits in the northwest part of it. 250 years ago, the construction of imperial gardens in this area, including the Summer Palace, gave birth to the appearance and prosperity of the town of Haidian. This will also provide various opportunities for the growth of the science and technology. Today the green space, the cultural and ecological environment of the Summer Palace, and its 3-kilometer buffer zone are becoming one important strategic factor for the Haidian Garden to attract talents, improve international competitiveness and realize sustainable development. How to taking advantage of the favorable resources, to achieve balance between protection of the environment around the Summer Palace and urban development, will be of great importance in the future plans of the science and technology.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.43-53
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to investigate the administrative system of landscape construction during Chosun-Dynasty. This study is based on the analysis of historic documents including the Codes and the Chronicles published during Chosun-Dynasty. The landscape construction controlled by government during Chosun-Dynasty was mainly undertaken by the government office titled "Seon-Gong-Gam" undr the Ministry of Industry. There were two functions of the "Seon-Gong-Gam" : one was construction including building and landscape, the other was the supply of materials and technicians to the field of constructino work. The construction function was carried out through government office titled "Cha-Mun-Gam" was in charge of the construction works of inside Chang-Dog Palace, while "Five Units" classified by work were responsible for the works of outside Chand-Dog palace in Han-Yang. In view point of the activities and responsibilities of the above two divisions, : "Cha-Mun-Gam" and "Five Units", it is concluded that one of the functions of "Seon-Gong-Gam" was to construct and manage the royal gardens.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2007.10b
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• pp.141-144
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• 2007

Nowadays, landscape architecture development faces several challenges such as how to inherit Chinese cultures and spirits, how to sustain historical and traditional features and how to keep landscape vital in modem development of city and society. Through interpretation of Chinese culture nature which is set as the research principle, this paper concludes to 'natural, suitable and special' leading idea of inheriting, constructing and preserving Chinese landscape. This idea also integrates traditional, modern, western and Chinese cultures and features. With projects and examples, it also explains those bad effects to landscape inheriting: un-enough mending, natural aging, unsuitable policies, and over development etc. This paper also addresses Beijing Tiantan Park and Shanghai Jiangnan Ship Firm landscape design to show successful protection of traditional gardens. Various protections of the architectures and surroundings and innovation of traditional landscape architecture are also stated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2007.10b
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• pp.19-29
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• 2007

The making of mountains and waters are recognized as essential to traditional Chinese landscapes and it is this concept that guided the Beijing Olympic Landscape, "Axis to Nature". The Olympic landscape extends the central axis of Beijing north until it is punctuated by the Forest Park Hill and dissipated by Forest Park Lake. Traditional landscape gardens, paintings, and poetry were researched and the plan assessed by eminent scholars and experts to conceive and construct an ecological park that features unique design and traditional Chinese landscape art.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2004

Contradictions often occur between the process of urban modernization and protection of history and culture, which have become the topics of current studies. The development of a city has its past, present and future while history and culture have their continued process. Culture is the sediment of history, left among buildings and merged in life. Exerting a subtle influence on the construction of a city and behaviors of citizens, culture is very important to the urban construction and is also the soul of a city and its buildings. Culture is closely bound up with inhabitants' life and the key to protect well the cultural features is to protect well historical and cultural venues. Qushuiyuan Garden is a venue for local folklore activities. The programming holds that folklore, historical and humane sceneries should be protected and left to our coming generations.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.117-120
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• 2001

In India, mulberry (Morus spp.), the sole food plant of the silkworm, Bombyx mori (Linn.), is prone to infestation by the pink mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green). Infestation by this pest causes apical shoot malformation, popularly known as 'tukra'. Occurrence of tukra causes an appreciable reduction in leaf yield and quality, leading to low silkworm cocoon productivity. For management of M. hirsutus (Tukra), an IPM package comprising mechanical, chemical and biological measures was demonstrated in the mulberry gardens of five Government Silk Farms in Mysore District (Karnataka, India) during 1995-96. A suppression of 76.0% in tukra incidence and 90.19% in mealybug population was recorded by employ the IPM package which led to an estimated 4,000 kg recovery in leaf yield/ha/year. The impact of IPM package in the management of M. hirsutus, the role of biocontrol agent (Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Muls.) in pest suppression and the cost-benefit analysis of the IPM package are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2018

The inconsistent relationship between the monogeneric family Cephalotaxaceae and Taxaceae was discussed and the possibility of merging Cephalotaxus within Taxaceae was also reviewed. Our previous reports (cladistics analysis, leaf anatomy and wood anatomy of Taxaceae s.l.) did not find a feasible reason to create a distinction between Cephalotaxus and other Taxad genera (Taxus, Pseudotaxus, Amentotaxus, Torreya and, Austrotaxus) and thus argued for a broader concept of Taxaceae with Cephalotaxus. The monophyly of Taxaceae including Cephalotaxus is described in various contemporary molecular studies, and some of them are in support of the single large family Taxaceae with six genera. Although additional comprehensive studies in the future may perhaps weaken the precise association between Cephalotaxaceae and other Taxad genera, on the basis of recent corroborations, at this moment Taxaceae should be redefined with broad circumscriptions, including Cephalotaxus.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.213-221
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• 2023

A newly recorded species, Boehmeria nakashimae Yahara, is confirmed for the first time to be distributed on forest edges on Jejudo Island, Korea. This species is known to be endemic to northern Kyushu, Japan. It is characterized by ovate to broadly ovate, elliptic-ovate, or sub-orbicular middle leaf shapes, serrulate-dentate and uniform margins, 17-29 teeth on one side, a short caudate or narrowly acute apex, dense glomerules at fruiting, and densely strigillose on the stems, both surfaces of the leaves, the perianth of staminate flowers, and achenes. Therefore, it is given the new name 'Je-ju-top-mo-si-pul' in Korean based on its serrulate-dentate leaf margin and geographical distribution. A description, photographs, illustrations, and keys of related taxa in Korea are provided.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.177-186
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• 2023

Background: Inner Mongolia, desertification is happening due to climate change and land use alterations. In order to evaluate desert restoration effectiveness, this study compares number of species and species diversity in restored (with planted trees), unrestored area, and the reference ecosystem (Ref-E, typical steppe and woody steppe). Results: The Ref-E had the most plant species (64 taxa), while the unrestored area had the fewest (5 taxa). Among restored areas (restored in 2012, 2008, 2005), older restoration sites had more species (18-42). Similarly, species richness (3.93-0.41) and diversity (1.99-0.40) were highest in the Ref-E and lowest in unrestored areas, with older restored sites having higher values. Conclusions: More plant species and diversity in older restoration areas suggest progress toward ecosystem stabilization, approaching the Ref-E. Therefore, tree planting in Inner Mongolia's Hulunbuir semi-arid desert is a successful restoration effort.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.40-54
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• 2015

Tashkent Seoul Park was completed in June, 2014, following the signing of a sisterhood relationship between Seoul City and Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan in July, 2010. An open competition for the design of the park was held and, based on the design, the park was completed in June and open to the public in September, 2014. Tashkent Seoul Park is more than a public park in Tashkent. The focus was on making it a starting point for offering a new model for traditional parks of Korea built abroad. Korean gardens and parks built in overseas cities are not only a landscape space but also serve as an ambassador that promotes the culture of Korea to foreigners who are unfamiliar with Korean culture. Therefore, Tashkent Seoul Park was designed to reflect the beauty and uniqueness of Korean traditional landscaping to promote the image of Korea and Seoul. As such, the design and plan was focused on the best measures to make known Korean culture through a design that sets itself apart from the landscape of Uzbekistan. To date, Korean parks or Seoul parks that have been built overseas have focused on the re-enactment of gardens and parks during the Josun Dynasty era. But with the Tashkent Park, the process of the 170,000 people from Goryeo was also reflected onto the design so that the culture and sensibilities of old Goryeo could be felt as well. Korean traditional garden design elements for the representation of the Korean identity are taken from the pilot study. This design element includes not only that of Goryeo, but also the Josun Dynasty era to allow local people to experience a general Korean traditional garden. The traditional beauty and lyricism of Korea was presented to Central Asia through the park in Tashkent so that the citizens could feel the simple yet down-to-earth beauty of Korean aesthetics. As such, the spatial experience of story-telling in Seoul Park evolves from two points of view. First, it is a spatial experience from the perspective of the Goryeo period and of foreigners. It is a continuum of a landscape experience where one can trace the sentiments of Korea and a hometown in Korea by passing through lyrical and multi-faceted spatial structures. Second, it is an experience that evolves from the viewpoint of an outsider, including the Tashkent citizens. It allows visitors to read the various methods and attitudes in an unfamiliar landscape and terrain. Through a story-telling that is reminiscent of the Silk Road through which trade with East Asia took place, visitors can interact with Korean culture in the Korean Garden and throughout the process they can feel the very Korean sentiments. This park presents the latest example of a 'Korean Garden' formed overseas and thus presents a clue to understanding the representation pattern of the Korean aspects of Korean Gardens through a study on the design strategies.