• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.50-57
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• 2015

한국의 전통정원은 자연과 인공구조물의 조화를 기반으로 조성되어져 당시의 시대상, 생활상, 문화, 예술 등의 다양한 문화, 역사적 가치를 가진다. 이러한 전통정원 중, 문화재보호법에 의해 문화재로 지정되었으나 사유재산으로 소유주의 고령화, 상속, 관리부족 등의 문제로 인해 훼손, 손실되어 가고 있는 민간정원의 효율적이고 지속적인 유지관리가 시급한 상황이다. 그럼으로 본 연구에서는 공원화를 도입하여 효율적인 이용과 체계적인 관리를 하고 있는 일본의 전통정원의 공원화 사례조사와 국내의 민가정원의 현황 및 유지관리의 문제점, 소유주의 공원화에 대한 의지, 공원화에 필요한 조건에 대한 청문조사를 실시하여 향후 민가정원의 공원화 도입에 있어서의 방향성을 제시하는데 기초적 근거자료로 활용하고자 연구를 진행하였다. 그 결과, 일본의 전통정원의 경우, 소유주체를 법인화하여 입장료에 의해 생기는 수입을 유지관리에 조달하고 있으며 지자체와 연구기관과의 연계를 통해 이용과 보전을 기반으로 공원화를 추진하고 있는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 그리고 국내의 민가정원의 조사결과 소유주 대부분이 관리에 있어 어려움을 겪고 있으며 공원화를 통한 체계적 유지관리에 긍정적인 의지를 갖고 있는 것이 확인 되었다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.329-339
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• 2021

Background and objective: This study was conducted to obtain empirical data for deriving necessary items for the creation and management of gardens in urban agricultural parks while maintaining the publicness of the place by examining the difference in perception among park visitors about the gardens in the public parks. Methods: A survey was conducted on users of urban agricultural parks in 6 locations and 113 copies of the questionnaire were collected. After understanding the demographic characteristics and the current use of the garden, we identified the importance of the necessary items for the public gardens. Results: 108 subjects(95.6%) responded that gardens are needed in urban parks, for psychological and emotional health (26.2%) and for interaction and friendship with family and neighbors(23.2%). For use of garden crops, most were private sales(96 subjects, 64.4%), and both sales preferred to partially donate their crops. Most used communal gardens operated by public institutions(30.1%). It was found that 96.4% of the respondents were satisfied with gardening activities, and 107(94.7%) of them showed their intention to participate in the gardening in the future. The Kaiser Meyer Olkin value was .848 and the significance level was .001, proving the validity of factor analysis. The factors were named composition elements(Factor 1), management items(Factor 2), convenience elements(Factor 3), and operational facilities(Factor 4). In the survey on the creation and management of gardens in urban agricultural parks, there were no statistically significant differences, but all items had correlations. Conclusion: The results have reflected the needs of actual users in establishing the plans to operate urban gardens, thereby having great utility value as the basic data for continuous garden management. Further research can be conducted to derive detailed elements that can guarantee sustainability of urban gardens and suggest high-quality data for management of gardens in urban agricultural parks.

• 한국조경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조경학회 2007년도 Journal of Landscape Architecture in Asia Vol.3
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• pp.157-161
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• 2007

Full-scale ferro-concrete building technology came was introduced in Japan in Meiji $35{\sim}40(1902{\sim}1907)$ and heralding the beginning of urban modernization. On the roofs of these new architectural constructions, full-scale rooftop gardens were also developed. We consider that gardens established on the roofs of hotel and department stores created a new, modernized garden culture, which greatly influenced the early modern urban culture of Japan, the drama of which it conceived based on the impression in a rooftop garden is made. In this paper, we discuss the influence of Meiji-Era cultural and technological advances on rooftop gardens constructed during the Taisho $Era(1912{\sim}1926)$, as represented by the gardens of Kobe's Oriental Hotel, Tokyo's Mitsukoshi Department Store and Shimonoseki City's Akita Company. Photographic and print sources are utilized to analyze the design features and temporal changes of these pioneering rooftop gardens, as well as their influence on urban culture.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.741-752
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• 2021

Gardens are known to provide relaxation, including psychological stability and mental rest. Recently, social interest in gardens has been growing in various ways, including the increase of groups sensitive to environmental pollution and a rising interest in the overall management of natural resources. In reality, however, the owners of housing gardens lack fundamental knowledge for creating and maintaining the gardens, directly and indirectly. This limitation presents a number of problems and challenges. Therefore, this study conducted an analysis of various aspects relating to the creation and maintenance of housing gardens, reflecting the sense of ownership. The study aimed to examine the current status, and based on this, it was intended to present improvement measures for practical and efficient creation of housing gardens and their maintenance in the future.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.75-89
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• 2019

This study aimed to examine the current status of mobile applications for garden design and extract valuable contents for the development of garden design programs for future reference. Mobile applications released in Korean or English on Google Play App Market as of July, 2018 were analyzed in this study (1 application in Korea and 14 applications overseas). The purposes of this study are to analyze the components of the programs for those who actually intend to create a garden and to use it as a resource for developing mobile applications for garden design. Thus, program components and contents were analyzed for garden design applications based on real space (1 application in Korea and 3 applications overseas) that could actually help users. The analysis of mobile applications for garden design shows that while overseas garden programs are rapidly developing in various fields, the number of garden design mobile applications developed in Korea and the amount of information platforms are significantly insufficient. This study suggested flowchart for garden design mobile applications based on the analysis results of existing garden design application. This flowchart includes a series of processes from planning/designing gardens to purchasing plants and facilities to constructing/maintaining gardens for users who intend to design and create a real garden. Furthermore, this study proposed a freemium business model based on 4R(Reflex, Reality, Real place, Real communication) marketing strategies for mobile applications. Realistic experiences can be increased through graphics and information about gardens and plants provided in this study, and location-based information services as well as the creation of systems connected with vendors and suppliers of products related to gardens can induce consumers' purchasing behaviors. Additionally PR activities through various garden-related cultural events are expected to attract more users.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2006

This study aims to analyze exterior spatial characteristics of the detached houses in Korea which were designed by professional architects. For this, plans, pictures and data of 113 houses which appeared in architectural publications from July 1998 to June 2002 were collected and analyzed. The results of the study are like this. 1) For the shape of buildings, the number of the non-rectangular shaped buildings is higher than that of the rectangular shaped ones. ; 2) For the location of exterior gardens, the number of the houses with front gardens is higher than that of the houses with back gardens. The exterior gardens are mostly accessed from the living rooms. 3) For the interior gardens, 50% of the surveyed houses have this type of gardens. They are mostly located at the back of the living rooms. The interior gardens are mostly accessed from the living rooms, dining rooms and corridors respectively. 4) For the terraces which are located in the 1st floor, they are mostly accessed from the living rooms. : 5) For the balconies which are located in the 2nd floor, they are mostly accessed from the bedrooms.; 6) For the location of the entrances, they are mostly located in the front side of the buildings and mostly facing south.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.535-543
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• 2012

Botanic gardens are steadily increasing based on people's increased interests in environment and ecology, lengthened leisure hours and improved transportation. However, similar florae and undifferentiated display are considered as problems, while their functions, purposes and characteristics have been more diversified. This study aims to investigate the present conditions and problems of display at botanic gardens and to find out solutions to make them exhibit plants through various ways of display and have their own characteristic, through a case study of seven botanic gardens. As botanic gardens are being recognized as a cultural institution, they should have limitations in the aspect of places that simply collect and exhibit rare plants. The current problems are unclear setting of design goals and communication with visitors. The gardens should escape from the existing supplier-oriented view to a visitor-oriented view, thinking about what the visitors will be able to see and get there. In particular, their display lacks differency, aesthetics, eye-level display, and multi-layered display. In addition to the essential functions of collecting the world's plants, exhibiting them according to purposes and giving scientific learning, botanic gardens should also show a sense of seasons with plants, trigger interests and amusement through unique plants, make visitors more interested in florae and closer to plants, and include social functions. Botanic gardens should be capable of leaning resources display, speciated display, complex and convergent garden-type display, and display fit for local and cultural contexts.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.131-143
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• 2010

본 연구는 영국 내셔널 트러스트에 대한 개요와 함께 중요한 보전 대상의 하나로 관리되고 있는 역사정원에 대한 보전 정책과 관리현황에 대한 조사와 이를 통하여 한국 역사정원 보전을 위한 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 연구의 방법은 크게 3단계로 나누어 진행하였다. 첫 번째 단계는 본 연구의 기본 개념인 내셔널 트러스트 및 영국의 역사정원 보전을 이해하는 단계로써, 문헌고찰을 통하여 이루어졌다. 두 번째 단계로 1996년 만들어진 정책서에 담겨진 내용을 분석하여 정책을 8개 부분으로 분류하여 각 부분에 대한 주요 정책을 요약하고, 내셔널 트러스트 소유의 정원 216개소의 성격을 문헌을 통하여 분석하였다. 또한, 관리 시스템 및 현황은 216개 정원의 관리 책임자와 이메일 인터뷰를 통해서 분석하였다. 마지막으로 두 단계의 결과들을 종합하여 영국 내셔널 트러스트 의 역사정원 보전 정책을 파악하고, 현황을 종합 분석하여 시사점을 도출하였다. 영국 내셔널 트러스트의 역사정원 보전에 대한 중요 특징으로는 취득을 기본으로 직접관리, 유지, 감독으로 이루어지는 일련의 보전 시스템을 구축하여 그 효과를 극대화 하고 있다는 점이다. 또한, 이에 대한 보전 원리가 간결하며 이해하기 쉽게 정립이 되었다는 점을 들 수 있다. 이에 따른 내셔널 트러스트의 활동에 대한 본 연구의 결과는 조직적 관리를 통한 역사정원에 대한 중요성 인식 및 책임, 취득하여 관리를 통한 자연과 문화적 요소의 통합, 변화에 대한 관리, 정원공개와 시민의 참여, 그리고 정원사 양성과 관련분야와의 연계로 나타났다. 이러한 내셔널 트러스트의 보전 활동의 결과를 통하여 역사정원의 보전 목적과 정원의 의미가 어느 국가에서나 크게 다르지 않는 전제조건을 반영한 시사점은 다음과 같다. 우선 변화에 대한 유연한 접근이 관리되고 있다는 점이다. 필연적이거나 요구되는 변화에 대응하여 첨가되거나 변형되는 어떠한 것도 가능한 많은 부분을 미래세대를 위해 기록하고 있다. 따라서 모든 것이 반드시 기록되고 관리되는 것이 보전을 위한 중요한 사항이다. 다음으로 국민을 위하여 지속가능한 공개가 이루어지고 있다는 점이다. 정원 보전의 목적은 사람을 위한 것이며, 다음 세대에게 전승하기 전 현세대가 다만 잠시 빌려 쓰는 것이다. 교육적, 심미적, 신체적으로 현세대가 정원을 향유하고 미래세대인 어린이들이 지속적으로 관심을 가지도록 교육하는 것은 우리에게 좋은 시사점이다. 마지막으로 도제식 정원사를 양성하고 지속적인 현 직원에 대한 연수 등을 통하여 훈련시키고 있다는 점이다. 이는 아직도 직접적인 관리는 거의 일용직 근로를 쓰고 있는 국내의 전통정원과는 대조적인 부분이다. 실제로 역사정원의 유지 관리는 단순한 과정이 아니다. 정원사는 과거를 이해하고 현재를 담으며, 미래를 준비하는 세대간 문화를 전달하는 사람이라고 할 수 있다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.613-623
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the set up and running status of school gardening at elementary schools in Jeollabuk-do. Among 416 elementary schools in Jeollabuk-do, 164 schools (39.4%) had school gardens. Ninety-seven schools in cities and 67 in counties had school gardens. The total area and school garden size at schools in Jeollabuk-do were $45,490m^2$ and $277m^2$ per school, respectively, as well as $1.6m^2$ per students. School gardens varied in type, and percentages of outdoor and off-campus gardens were 67.2% and 17.2%, respectively. There were differences in the set up, type of garden, annual operating budget, and participants in school garden programs according to the location (city or county) of the school The installation and automation of facilities in the garden (such as greenhouse, tool shed, resource recycling facility, etc.) were poor. Most schools grew various kinds of plants, including vegetables, crops, ornamentals, and fruits. Teachers most often operated school gardens and taught students. Teachers had difficulty managing school gardens due to absence of knowledge about sustaining gardens. Most respondents reported the need for a school garden training program. Sixty-one percent of schools reported that the garden was used for academic instruction, especially during class. The majority of respondents agreed that school gardens have a positive effect and wanted to increase classes related to school gardens. Accordingly, in order to sustain school gardens and maximize their effects, systematic and customized support is needed that considers the characteristics and circumstances of the school. The facilities and features of the garden should be improved, and the school garden training program for teachers should attempt to reduce the effort required to manage the garden and increase utilization efficiency. In addition, participation of garden coordinators, parents, and community volunteers in managing gardens and implementing garden lessons is required.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.49-63
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• 2012

조선시대의 산수화의 시대별 대표유형들은 지식인들이 공유하는 이상향의 역할을 해왔으며, 동시대 원림양식의 형성에 직간접적 영향을 미쳐 왔다. 특히 조선초기의 대표적 산수화인 <몽유도원도>는 소형 계류부에 입지하면서 은둔지향적인 '도원형 원림'을 형성시키는 배경이 되었으며, 이는 지속적으로 조선조 원림의 보편적 원형의 역할을 해왔다. 조선중기에는 <무이구곡도>의 전파와 함께 '구곡형 원림'이 등장한다. 구곡형 원림은 굴곡이 많은 대규모 계류에 입지하면서 은둔형의 '곡(曲)'과 조망형의 '경(景)이 결합된 복합적 경관특성을 보여준다. 조선후기의 <진경산수화>는 승경탐사를 통해 팔경문화를 토착화 시키면서 '조망형 원림'을 촉발시켰고, 사회적으로 원림이용이 보다 개방된 것으로 나타난다. 또한 진경산수화의 연장선상에서 나타났던 민화풍의 <풍수명당도>는 '길지형 원림'을 통해 원림과 주변부 지역간의 풍수적 형국을 강화하게 하였으니, 내명당 외명당의 구조에 따르는 내원과 외원의 이중구조가 그것이다. 이렇게 조선조 전반의 원림경관은 시대별 산수화 대표유형의 영향 아래 은신과 조망의 양면적 가치를 시기적, 지역적 특징으로 부각시키면서 변화해 왔다고 판단된다.