• Title/Summary/Keyword: Garden Design

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An Analysis of the Image Factor and Combination of Xi'an Castle Park in China (중국 서안시 성곽공원의 이미지 요인 및 조화도 분석)

  • Kim, Dong-Chan;Ma, Yuan
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.105-111
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    • 2010
  • This research aims to grasp the main factors of the image of Xi'an Ming City Wall Park and the harmony level with city walls and moat based on citizen's consciousness to improve the future design, field survey and the POE method are employed to analyze the image factor and harmony level of the Xi'an Ming City Wall Park. In the literature survey, the related materials were collected to obtain the most useful information for references, POE study of the Xi'an Ming City Wall Park were conducted. The instrument for survey is a questionnaire that includes a portion of questions regarding Xi'an Ming City Wall Park and the design intention of the surroundings of city wall. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS17.0 for Windows). Multiple regression analysis, and correlation analysis were employed along with the use of general descriptive data analysis. The factor analysis of the image of Xi'an Ming City Wall Park identified three factors, "environment" factor, "convenience" factor, "cultural aesthetics" factor, and the most important factor is "environment" factor. Among 14 landscape elements, paving, garden architectures and entrance spaces were identified as important variables which significantly affect the overall level of harmony with the city wall, and the space for rest; waterscape and paving were identified as important variables which significantly affect the overall level of harmony with the moat.

Analysis of the Korea Traditional Colors within the Spatial Arrangement and Form of the Traditional Garden of Seyeonjeong (보길도 세연정(洗然庭)의 공간구조 형식에 내재한 전통색채 분석)

  • Han, Hee-Jeong;Cho, Se-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.14-23
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study is to contribute in building credibility of the methodology of the appearance of the traditional colors and the interpretation of the meaning of those appearances by analyzing the spatial construction and configuration and the traditional colors that appear in spatial elements about the scenery component that appear in Seyeonjeong. We conducted a literature research about the traditional colors, the background of the creation of Seyeonjeong, and etc. For the contents for the empirical analysis, we took the scenery and space elements in the poems, such as Eobusasisa and O-u-ga, and the contents of poems related to ojeongsaek (five Korean traditional colors) based on the Yin-Yang and the Five Elements ideology Particularly, after dividing the spatial elements appearing in Seyoenjeong into visual, synesthetic, symbolic/cognitive spatial element, we further distinguished the visual space into positions and directions of the of the spaces and the scenery of the season; the synesthetic space into seasons, time and five senses; and the symbolic/cognitive space into chiljeong (or the seven passions) and sadan (or the four clues). Then we carried out the study by analyzing the correlation between the intention of the garden creation and the meaning of the spaces, through the analysis of ojeongsaek system for each spatial element. Firstly, spatial structure and format that appear in Seyeonjeong can be divided into two directional axes of southeast and northwest according to the flat form of the Seyeongjeong's rectangular palace, with Seyeongjoeng as the center. Secondly, in spatial component element, the frequencies of appearance of the traditional colors of Seyoenjeong are 33.2% for white, 20.8% for blue, 20.8% for black, 18.7% for red and 6.3% for yellow. Thirdly, based on the analysis of the traditional colors the most frequent appearance of 'white' left a room for interpretation like the creation of Seyeonjeong was to enjoy secular living without lingering political feelings so that the high mountains remain clear and clean. Also, the predominant frequency of appearance of blue, similar frequency of appearance of black and red, and the least frequent appearance of yellow is in agreement with or can be at least interpreted related to Yun Seon-do's intention for creating Seyeonjeong not for political rank or power but as a place to enjoy nature, through which he can build on his knowledge, and to lead rest of his life as a noble being through plays, like dancing and writing poems. Fourthly, these interpretations of the analysis of the frequency of appearance of the traditional colors of Seyeongjong shows the reliability, validity, and consistency of the methodology of the analysis of the frequency of appearance of the traditional colors and the interpretation of the meanings in the context that the color white appears most frequently in Soswewon as well and that the background life of the Soswewon's creator Yangsanbo can be interpreted in a similarly way. Above all, this study is significant from the fact that we proposed a theory about the method of analysis and interpretation of the traditional colors in a traditional landscape space. Moreover, there is a great significance of discovering that traditional colors appear in traditional spaces and this can be used as a methodological framework to interpret things like, intention for creation of (buildings/architectures).

A Study on Lee, Man-Bu's Thought of Space and Siksanjeongsa with Special Reference of Prototype Landscape Analyzing Nuhangdo(陋巷圖) and Nuhangnok(陋巷錄) (누항도(陋巷圖)와 누항록(陋巷錄)을 통해 본 이만부의 공간철학과 식산정사의 원형경관)

  • Kahng, Byung-Seon;Lee, Seung-Yeon;Shin, Sang-Sup;Rho, Jae-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.15-28
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    • 2021
  • 'Cheonunjeongsa (天雲精舍)', designated as Gyeongsangbukdo Folklore Cultural Property No. 76, is a Siksanjeongsa built in 1700 by Manbu Lee Shiksan. In this study, we investigate the life and perspective of Manbu Lee in relation to Siksanjeongsa, and estimate the feng shui location, territoriality, and original landscape by analyzing 「Nuhangnok」 and 「Nuhando」, the results of his political management. The following results were derived by examining the philosophy that the scholar wanted to include in his space. First, Manbu Lee Shiksan was a representative hermit-type confucian scholar in the late Joseon Dynasty. 'Siksan', the name of the government official and the nickname of Manbu Lee, is derived from the mountain behind the village, and he wanted to rest in the four areas of thought(思), body(躬), speech(言), and friendship(交). During the difficult years of King Sukjong, Lee Manbu of a Namin family expressed his will to seclude through the title 'Siksan'. Second, There is a high possibility of restoration close to the original. Manbu Lee recorded the location of Siksanjeongsa, spatial structure, buildings and landscape facilities, trees, surrounding landscape, and usage behaviors in 「Nuhangnok」, and left a book of 《Nuhangdo》. Third, Manbu Lee refers to the feng shui geography view that Oenogok is closed in two when viewed from the outside, but is cozy and deep and can be seen from a far when entering inside. The whole village of Nogok was called Siksanjeongsa, which means through the name. It can be seen that the area was formed and expanded. Fourth, the spatial composition of Siksanjeongsa can be divided into a banquet space, an education space, a support space, a rest space, a vegetable and an herbal garden. The banquet space composed of Dang, Lu, and Yeonji is a personal space where Manbu Lee, who thinks about the unity of the heavenly people, the virtue of the gentleman, and humanity, is a place for lectures and a place to live. Fifth, Yangjeongjae area is an educational space, and Yangjeongjae is a name taken from the main character Monggwa, and it is a name that prayed for young students to grow brightly and academically. Sixth, the support space composed of Ganjijeong, Gobandae, and Sehandan is a place where the forested areas in the innermost part of Siksanjeongsa are cleared and a small pavilion is built using natural standing stones and pine trees as a folding screen. The virtue and grace of stopping. It contains the meaning of leisure and the wisdom of a gentleman. Seventh, outside the wall of Siksanjeongsa, across the eastern stream, an altar was built in a place with many old trees, called Yeonggwisa, and a place of rest was made by piling up an oddly shaped stone and planting flowers. Eighth, Manbu Lee, who knew the effects of vegetables and medicinal herbs in detail like the scholars of the Joseon Dynasty, cultivated a vegetable garden and an herbal garden in Jeongsa. Ninth, it can be seen that Lee Manbu realized the Neo-Confucian utopia in his political life by giving meaning to each space of Siksanjeongsa by naming buildings and landscaping facilities and planting them according to ancient events.

Design of West Seoul Lake Park in Reusing the Sin-Wol Filtration Plant (신월정수장을 재활용한 서서울호수공원 설계)

  • Choi, Shin-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.37 no.5
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    • pp.24-30
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    • 2009
  • The Sin-Wol filtration plant was an urban infrastructure and off-limits to the public. It is recreated as a representative experiential theme park in the southwest area. It has not only provided places to relax, but has made a new model of urban park by reusing advantages. The current lack of easy access into the park area almost isolates it like a green island. The neighborhood surrounding the park does not have many physical connections to the park to be able to use it. By connecting the surrounding communities with numerous access points into the park and linking the hiking trails and bike paths, the city's need for open space and recreation would be far better satisfied than before. This would allow for the use of the valuable assets of the existing forest and open space.

A Study of Soil Cement Properties by Using Soilcrete Stabilizer (소일크리트 고화재를 이용한 소일시멘트 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Chun, Byung-Sik;Kim, Jin-Chun
    • Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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    • v.2 no.4
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    • pp.73-81
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    • 2001
  • Soil cement has been the typical material for the pavement and soft ground improvement. It has not been used up to date because that quality control is not easy and durability is not long enough for practical application. Since environmental influence is important, the application of high strength soil cement pavement has been increased for pedestrian roads of the garden, golf courses and sidewalks recently. In this study, the reference table was suggested for mixing design with appling statistical experimental technique to reference table. The reference table showed the relationship among improved strength, Soilcrete stabilizer, fine sand ratio and superplasticizer agent. The objective soil used in this study was the soft marine clay that is widely found in Korea, the compressive strength range of improved soil was between $50{\sim}150kg/cm^2$.

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Changes in Plant Species on a Grass Roof over Time (초지지붕에서의 시간경과에 따른 식생변화)

  • Lee, Young-Moo
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.34 no.6 s.119
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    • pp.39-53
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    • 2007
  • Unlike conventional roof landscaping, where various kinds of plants and structures are employed, a grass roof is a roof on which herbaceous plants are grown in planting medium and which is not accessed or maintained, mainly because it doesn't have sufficient load capacity to support a regular roof garden. They are mostly built on existing roofs, whether flat slab or gabled. Planting on roofs has numerous advantages, such as creating a biotope, purifying urban air, adding moisture to the atmosphere, storing rain water, preventing flash floods, reducing energy use for heating and air conditioning, enhancing the urban landscape and providing relaxation to the city dwellers, not to mention the alleviation of global warming by absorbing $CO_2$. In addition to the general merits of roof planting, the grass roof has its own unique qualities. Only herbaceous species are planted on the roof, resulting in light weight which allows roofs of existing buildings to be planted without structural reinforcement. The species chosen are mostly short, tough perennials that don't need to be maintained. These conditions provide an ideal situation where massive planting can be done in urban areas where roofs are often the only and definitely the largest space available to be planted. If roofs are planted on a massive scale they can play a significant role in alleviating global warming, heat island effects and energy shortages. Despite the advantages of grass roofs, there are some problems. The most significant problem is the invasion of neighboring plants. They may be brought in with the planting medium, by birds or by wind. These plants have little aesthetic value comparing to the chosen species and are usually taller. Eventually they dominate and prevail over the original species. The intended planting design disappears and the roof comes to look wild. Since the primary value of a grass roof is ecological, a change in attitude towards what constitutes beauty on the roofscape is necessary. Instead of keeping the roof neat through constant maintenance, people must learn that the wild grass with bird's nests on their roof is more beautiful as it is.

Design and Implementation of Self-installing Agricultural Automation System for Remote Monitoring and Control Based on LPWA Technology (저전력 장거리 무선통신기술(LPWA) 기반 원격감시 및 제어가 가능한 자가설치형 농업 자동화 시스템 설계 및 구현)

  • Baek, JaeGu;Lee, Hyung-Woo
    • Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.13-19
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    • 2017
  • In this paper, we designed and implemented Thing Connected-Green, a self-installing agricultural automation system capable of remote monitoring and control based on Low Power Wide Area communication technology (LPWA). Farming requires water, sunlight, soil, fertilizer, temperature control, etc., and these elements can be remotely monitored and controlled using an automated system. Using this system, it is possible to construct an agricultural automation system which can be optimized according to the kind of plant and cultivation environment from vinyl house to flower garden. The information gathered from the sensor is stored in the server through the gateway, and the optimal cultivation environment can be set and operated using the smart phone based on the big data.

Evaluation of Water Cycle Improvement in LH Institute Using SWMM-LID Model (SWMM-LID 모델을 이용한 토지주택연구원의 물순환 개선효과 평가)

  • Jung, Jong-Suk;Jung, Kwang-Wook;Kang, Suman;Hyun, Kyong-Hak
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.308-315
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    • 2018
  • SWMM-LID was calibrated with flow monitoring data in LHI to evaluate runoff after LID application. The flow rate in the B basin was estimated to be 0.94 and 6.15 for O/S and $D_v$, respectively. In the A and C basins, the difference between the observed and simulated data was greater than in the B basin. As a result of runoff reduction efficiency by the application of LID facilities, the change of infiltration increased from 34.6 % to 45.8 % in the entire watershed, and the runoff decreased from 58.8 % to 46.3 %. In the runoff reduction of each LID facility, rain garden E showed the highest effect with 99.9 % and bioretention B showed the lowest effect with 27.5 %. In order to evaluate the efficiency of each LID facility, a comparison is made between the pore volume (V) of the LID and the catchment area (A). The runoff showed a runoff reduction effect of about 70 % above the 0.1 volume/area (V/A) value. As a result of examining the runoff reduction with LID facilities by the LID module of SWMM, a reasonable design is possible by reflecting the appropriate LID volume to drainage area.

A Basic Study for the Environmental Educational Use of Elementary School Landscape -The Awareness of Seongnam City Elementary School Teacher- (초등학교 학교조경의 환경교육적 활용을 위한 기초 연구 -성남시 교사들의 인식을 중심으로-)

  • 김인호;안동만
    • Hwankyungkyoyuk
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.224-237
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    • 1998
  • The purpose of this study that was based on the theory review about the practical use necessity of school landscape was to survey on the awareness of elementary school teachers about the applications of school landscape for environmental education. This study was carried out through the review of literature, the questionnaire to 132 elementary school teachers in Seongnam City. The findings derived from this study were as follows : First, School landscape is an important field as environmental education resource for the improvement of school environmental education. Especially, for the improvement of environmental sensitivity through field-experience learning, the practical applications of elementary school landscape is very important and urgent in aspects of environmental education theory, accessibility, and convenience. Second, Most of responded teachers give an affirmative answer about the field-experience learning for school environmental education and the necessity of practical use of school landscape for field-experience learning. Several the improvement to use elementary school landscape for environmental education being suggested by teachers are the increase of financial support, the magnification of school area, and the school landscape planning and design in consideration of environmental education by landscape architect expert. Third, Above half of teachers don't agree to use the roof garden for environmental education because of the safety of students and the school building construction. Fourth, Teachers are more satisfied with the status of school landscape maintenance than the practical usability of school landscape in aspect of environmental education and the facilities in school landscape. Teachers think that the most important functions and roles of school landscape is psychological factor.

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An Analysis of Hierarchical Characteristics in Public Areas of Skilled Nursing Facilities for the Elderly : Focused on Lounges and Corridors (노인전문요양시설 공용공간의 위계적 특성 분석 : 휴게홀 및 복도를 중심으로)

  • Lee, Min-Ah
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.24 no.6 s.84
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    • pp.117-129
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this study was to provide basic information about hierarchical spatial compositions of lounges and corridors in elderly skilled nursing facilities through the analysis of elderly residents' behaviors. For the study, five researchers observed the behavior of the elderly in the lounges and corridors of five facilities from 10 AM. to 4 PM. at 30-minute intervals for the investigation of hierarchical spatial compositions. And then, the design characteristics of public and semi-public area were analyzed by evaluating their openness, centrality, accessibility, and stimulations. The results of this study were as follows. First, the public area was focused on the lounge, and the semi-public area was formed on the comers of corridors and the parts of lounge walls. The private and semi-private area were distributed to the whole lounges and corridors. Second, in morning time, the semi-public area was concentrated on the wall of lounge instead of on the comers of corridors, and in afternoon, the residents' behaviors relevant to the private and semi-public areas were increased. Especially, the comers of corridors were utilized as the main semi-public areas. Third, the public area could encourage the participation of the elderly residents when it was opened to other areas more than 40% and close to the nursing station. But, the central garden made the accessibility from the elderly private room to the public area not good. The ideal openness of semi-public area was indicated as 25-30%, and its centrality was $10{\sim}15m$ which was a little far from the nursing station. Forth, furniture arrangements gave large influence to the behavior characteristics in the semi-public areas. Especially, sofa arrangements in the comers of corridors increased informal interactions among the elderly. In conclusion, the public area needs high rate of openness and should satisfy both of the centrality and accessibility so that it lead the elderly participations from the private and semi-private areas. The semi-public area should be in a little distance from nursing station and provide with furniture sets for the elderly informal interactions.