• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.62-68
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• 2021

Despite numerous efforts on reducing road-kill worldwide, the collisions have been occurring continuously. Many factors are affecting road-kill occurrences and the effect is various by species. We investigated Hydropotes inermis argyropus road-kill characteristics on the national highway. We examined 9,099 H. i. argyropus road-kill points with distance to the gaps on road (interchange and intersection) and distance to six natural land-cover types as explanatory variables. We also examined the number of road-kill occurrences according to temporal variation using chi-square test with 9,658 events. In general, H. i. argyropus road-kill location tended to occur close to the gaps on road, agricultural lands and forests. The average distance from road-kill to the gap was 694.7 m and 78.6% of the collisions were occurred within 1 km from the gaps. In addition, Kruskal-Wallis test showed the distance between road-kill points and each land cover and the gaps was significantly different. The temporal analyses showed that the differences of the H. i. argyropus road-kill frequency are significant in both month and season. Our results implies H. i. argyropus road-kill location tended to occur close to the gaps on road, agricultural lands and forests in general, especially during May and June, according to their seasonal behavior. Thus, we suggest there is a need of concentrated management on the roads with specific characteristics for both wildlife and human safety.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.91-101
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• 2007

Recently the number of rural development plans are increased and projects supported by government are various. These makes rural plans important. But there are many gaps between proposed plan and implementation. These gaps were wasteful in terms of resource management. This study examines differences between plan and implementation and the reasons why they are occurred. For this purpose, we did a case study which is focused on the four-year implementation of 2004-2006 "Unique Experience Village Master Plan" of Seochon, Chungbuk. As a result, we verified facts of gaps and causes, and two major causes were detected : one is the absence of operating and managing body(such as promoter of project, village leader, residences), and the other is inadequate master plan.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.373-392
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• 2011

Periodic and quasi-periodic Timoshenko beams on Pasternak foundation are investigated using the differential quadrature method. Not only band gaps in the beams but also the dynamic response of them is analyzed. Numerical results show that vibration in periodic beams can be dramatically attenuated when the exciting frequency falls into band gaps. Different from the band structures of periodic beams without foundation, the so-called critical frequency was found because of the Pasternak foundation. Its physical meaning was explained in detail and a useful formula was given to calculate the critical frequency. Additionally, a comprehensive parameter study is conducted to highlight the influence of foundation modulus on the band gaps.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.65-71
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• 2001

This paper describes partial discharge phenomenon with SF6gas pressures in insulation consisting of insulation paper and SF6 gas. We made the specimens with SF6 gas gaps which exist between aramid papers and electrodes and calculated the electric field intensity in the these gaps. We measured the partial discharge inception voltages and the AC breakdown voltages with the test method of IEC 60060-2 and did the partial discharge degradation experiments with a constant voltage. According to gas pressures, the breakdown voltages in SF6gas gaps were calculated by Paschen's law. And these results showed the ability applying partial discharge inception voltages evaluation to Paschen's law and the relationship between the PD quantities occurring insulation breakdown and PD occurring area.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.323-330
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• 2011

Large number of part design such as for aircraft and automotive development is preceded by functional or sectional design groups for efficiency. With the assembly development of large number of parts, interferences and gaps can be found when the parts and sub-assemblies by those design groups are to be assembled. When rainwater come into the space among parts and is not be drained sufficiently, rainwater within the structure can backflow to gaps or unexpected outlets, which may cause severe problems of part corrosion and electric shock. This research has developed a method and a program to simulate backflow of rainwater within space among parts, which can find unexpected outlets and gaps as in real situation. The developed program can not only simulate up and downstream of liquid, but also the flow with multiple channels of division and joining. The developed method can also be applied to aircraft and ship design process.

• 한국생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.133-139
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• 2002

Regeneration process of the Korean beech (Fagus multinervis Nakai) forest was studied in relation to the distributional pattern and age structure. In this study, it was clarified that the Korean beech forest is regenerated in both way: seedlings(sexual reproduction) and sprouts(vegetative reproduction) formations. In the large gaps, seedling may be established, resulting in clusters of even-aged individuals. But in the small-sized gaps, there may filed by the extention of surrounding trees and/or by the young trunks, which have sprouted from the base of stumps. As most gaps in the F. multinervis forest were derived from falling of a single stem, regeneration by sprouts seems to be more common than that by the seedlings.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.37-58
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• 2002

Up to these days, hotels are assumed to compete each other. Due to the spread of high quality the hotel restaurants have begun to face an intensive competition. Hotel food at Beverage have become the more competitive along with fund, good price, service, quality food, and management know-how. It causes the hotel restaurants confront with management difficulties. In order to overcome the management difficulties, hotel restaurants have to improve their marketing abilities and especially to improve their service quality. For this, it is necessary fur hotel restaurants to investigate how their service providers and receivers recognize their service quality. In this research, we examined the cognitive three types of cognitive gaps among customers, service providers, and managers both on the service quality and on the positioning of hotel restaurants. Their cognitive gaps proved negatively correlated with hotel's performance. This research suggests the following findings. Firstly, the competitiveness of hotel restaurant depends on the accurate communication and consensus among managers, service providers, and customers. Secondly, using the information about cognitive gaps recognized, each hotel restaurant should develop concrete marketing plans and strategies with a careful consideration about its current competitive position and management condition.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.89-98
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• 2011

The construction technology for reactor vessel internals (RVI) modularization is one of the most important factors to be considered in reducing the construction period of nuclear power plants. For RVI modularization, gaps between the reactor vessel (RV) core-stabilizing lug and the core support barrel (CSB) snubber lug must be measured using a remote method from outside the RV. In order to measure RVI gaps remotely at nuclear power plant construction sites, certain core technologies must be developed and verified. These include a remote measurement system to measure the gaps between the RV core-stabilizing lug and the CSB snubber lug, an RVI mockup to perform the gap measurement tests, and a new procedure and schedule for RVI installation. A remote measurement system was developed previously, and a gap measurement test was completed successfully using the RVI mockup. We also developed a new procedure and schedule for RVI installation. This paper presents the new and improved installation procedure and schedule for RVI modularization. These are expected to become core technologies that will allow us to shorten the construction period by a minimum of two months compared to the existing installation procedure and schedule.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.495-500
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• 1997

For hydrogen management in severe accidents with degraded nuclear core of PWR's, several experiments have been performed in the SNU hydrogen mixing facility. The objectives are understanding the extent of hydrogen mixing and analyzing the effects of factors which dominate uniform or non-uniform mixing at compartments in the containment building. The facility represents on a 1/11th linearly scaled model of the YGN unit 3&4, hydrogen was simulated by helium. Because there are the gaps between safety injection tank and compartment layers in the containment, the test facility was constructed in three dimentinal mode for analyzing of mixture behavior through the gaps. From the experimental results we could conclude that overall hydrogen concentration distributed uniformly in the free volume of the test compartment, but fluctuated in the gaps. This paper is focused on experimental result from several experiment.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1994.07b
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• pp.1625-1627
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• 1994

A potential to effective ozone generation for 4 kinds of gap, a hole-to-plate gap, a hole-to-hole gap, a hole-to-rod gap and a plate-to-plate gap in tap water has been investigated. It is found that the hole gaps indicated higher ozone generation compared to that of the plate-to-plate gap. As a result, the hole gaps could be an effective means to generate ozone in water by utilizing both of one generation mechanisms of the discharge and the electrolysis.