• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.390-410
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• 1995

This study was attempted to investigate the effects of Composite Preparation (Samulchungkan-Tang) extract (SCTE), Scutellarias Radix extract (SRE), Artemisiae iwayomogii Herba extract (AIHE), Artemisia capillaris Flos extract (ACFE), Paeaniae Radix extract (PRE) and Gardeniae Fructus extract (GFE) on the activities of GOT, GPT, ALP and LDH, and Content of total cholesterol in serum of $CCl_4$ and ${_D}-galactosamime$ intoxicated rats, and bile flow in rats. 1) In $CCl_4-intoxicated$ rats-The activities of S-GOT and S-GPT which were elevated by $CCl_4$ were significantly decreased in dose of SCTE 450 mg/kg, ACFE 600 mg/kg and GFE 300 mg/kg, respectively as compared to $CCl_4$ intoxicated rats. ALP activity increased by $CC1_4-treatment$ was markedly decreased in dose of SCTE 450 mg and 600 mg/kg, SRE 400 mg/kg, AIHE 400 mg/kg, ACFE 600 mg/kg and PRE 300 mg/kg, and LDH activity in SCTE 450 mg and 600 mg/kg, ACFE 600 mg/kg and GFE 300 mg/kg, respectively compared to $CCl_4$ treated rates. ACFE 400 mg/kg and PRE 300 mg/kg decreased the content of total cholesterol increased by $CCl_4$, the liver weight in all sample administered groups was decreased significantly as compared to $CCl_4$ treated groups. 2) In ${_D}-galactosamine$ intoxicated rats-Sample of SCTE 450 mg and 600 mg/kg, SRE 400 mg/kg, AIHF 400 mg and 600 mg/kg, ACFE 600 mg/kg, PRE 300 mg/kg and GFE 300 mg and 500 mg/kg decreased the activities of S-GPT, ALP and LDH which was increased by ${_D}-galactosamine$ intoxication, compared to ${_D}-galactosamine$ intoxicated groups. In S-GOT activity elevated by ${_D}-galactosamine$ was significantly decreased by SCTE 450 mg/kg, ACFE 600mg/kg, AIHE 600 mg/kg, PRE 300 mg/kg, GFE 300 mg and 500 mg/kg. However, SCTE 600 mg/kg, SRE 400 mg/kg, and AIHE 400 mg/kg were not effected significantly. 3) In bile secretion-SCTE 450 mg and 600 mg/kg, ACFE 600 mg/kg and GFE 500mg/kg increased significantly the amount of bile secretion as compared to normal groups, but AIHE 400 mg/kg, SRE 400 mg/kg, and PRE 300 mg/kg did not effected significantiy.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.3 s.70
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• pp.461-467
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the biological activity and hepatoprotective effect of DWP-04 [DDB : selenium yeast: glutathione (31.1 : 6.8 : 62.1(w/w/w)] in D-galactosamine (GaIN) intoxicated rats. The DWP-04 (50, 100 or 200 mg/kg) or its vehicle was orally administered everyday before the start of GaIN injection (400 mg/kg, ip) for two weeks and animal decapitated for 24 hrs after GaIN­injected. The activities of serum enzymes, markers of liver function, were increased in the GaIN group compared to normal group and significantly lowered in the DWP-04 pretreated group than in the GaIN group. Hepatic lipid peroxide level and activities of phase 1 enzymes were significantly higher than those of GaIN group compared to normal group and lower in the DWP-04 pretreated group than in the GaIN group, and phase II enzyme activities in liver were lower in the GaIN group than in the normal group and were increased in the DWP-04 pretreated group than in the GaIN group. Total hepatic glutathione content and glutathione biosynthesis enzymes were lower in the GaIN group than in the normal group and were increased in the DWP-04 pretreated group than in the GaIN group. Therefore, the current results indicated that DWP-04 administration alleviated the GaIN-induced adverse effect through enhancing the antioxidant enzyme activities.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.498-506
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the restorative effect of Semisulcospira libertina extract, on damaged liver cells induced by D-galactosamine in rats. Treatment of damaged liver cells with S. libertina extract significantly reduced local fatty degeneration, and inflammatory cell necrosis, to levels similar with the undamaged control group. In addition, S. libertina extracts were found to reduce plasma levels of liver damage indicator enzymes, such as AST, ALT, LDH and ALP, to control levels. It also reduced lipid peroxides, and lipid contents within damaged liver tissues. This suggests that S. libertina extract has a restorative effect on liver cells, thus reducing release of damage-associated liver enzymes, and oxidative degradation of lipids. Also, S. libertina extracts were found to be involved in recovery of damaged cells from inflammatory response by suppressing expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$, which leads to tissue injury and necrosis, whereas inducing expression of HO-1 that protects cells during inflammation. Thus, S. libertina extract restores liver tissue from necrosis and fibrosis, as well modulates expression of inflammation-related genes against liver damage. Our findings suggest that S. libertina extract is an effective medicinal resource, for improving and recovering liver cells from hepatic injury.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.195-198
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• 2007

Hepatoprotective action of alcoholic extract of Bacopa monniera (BME) was evaluated on Dgalactosamine (D-GalN) induced rat liver toxicity. Bacopa monniera extract reduced the elevated serum enzyme activities of ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, ${\gamma}-GT$ and the formation of hepatic malondialdehyde induced by D-GalN. The alcholic extract of Bacopa monniera also significantly restored the decreased levels of glutathione and the decreased activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glucose-6-phosphatase. Therefore these results suggest that Bacopa monniera has hepatoprotective effect against D-GalN induced hepatotoxicity.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.87-94
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• 2000

In order to investigate the hepatoprotective constituents, Melonis Pedicellus was systematically extracted and fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water Treatment of rats with ethyl acetate fraction reduced hepatic injuries induced by $\alpha$-naphthylisothiocyanate or D-galactosamine, whereas the components in water fraction showed protective effect only against D-galactosamine-induced hepatitis in rats. Two cucurbitacins and three sterols were isolated from ethylacetate fraction and their chemical structures were identified as cucurbitacin B, isocucurbitacin B, $\alpha$-spinasterol, stigmast-7-en-3-ol and stigmast-7-en-3-ol-0-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside. Cucurbitacin B at the dose of 1 mg/kg (p.o.) signifcantly increased in bile flow in rats with ANIT-induced cholestasis. Isocucurbitacin B at 5 mg/hg (p.o.) showed signilicant protective effects against ANIT-induced cholestasis. These results showed that cucurbitacin B and isocucurbitacin B from Melonis Pedicellus may have hepatoprotective effect in rats with experimental cholestasis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.827-830
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• 2010

The purpose of this research was to investigate the pharmacological effects of Dansameum (DSE) water extract which is composed with Salviae Radix, Santali Lignum and Amomi Semen. DSE was administered orally at the concentartion of 100 and 500 mg/kg. DSE decreased the writhing syndrome induced by acetic acid and the permeability of evans blue into peritoneal cavity. Also, DSE inhibited the production of nitric oxide from murine macrophages. Futhermore, DSE protected the liver injury induced by galactosamine in vitro system and $CCl_4$ in vivo system. These results suggest that DSE has a diverse effects such as analgesic action, inflammatory action and liver protective action.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.58-64
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• 1996

Pretreatment of the methanolic extract(250-500mg/kg, p.o., two weeks) of Lysimachiae Herba prevented the elevation of ALT and AST activities in galactosamine(GalN, 400 mg/kg, i.p.) intoxicated rats. Its five fractions, especially the ethyl acetate fraction, also showed significant preventing actions on damaged liver metabolizing enzyme functions by GalN intoxication.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.219-224
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• 1991

Liver protective effects of ginsenosides as well as fractions of dammarane glycosides of Panax ginseng were studied using galactosamine (GalN)-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Preventing effects on GalN-induced hepatotoxicity were found both microscopic observation and determination of GPT level with total dammarane glycosides fraction and $20(S)-ginsenoside-Rb_1$ as well as $20(S)-ginsenoside-Rg_1$ at the concentration of $50{\mu}g/ml$. The syntheses of both protein and RNA were significantly increased by the treatment of $50{\mu}g/ml$ of total dammarane glycoside fraction, $20(S)-ginsenoside-Rb_1$, -Rc, -Re and $-Rg_1$, respectively in both normal and GalN-induced cytotoxic hepatocytes.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.28-38
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• 2002

Objectives : This study was to examine the efficacy of GCT on the hepatoprotective effect in the liver function and immune octivity. Methods : The experiment to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of GCT on the liver damage was conducted with D-galactosamine. The experiments to verify the effects of GCT on the immune activity were conducted by carbon clearance assay, plaque-forming cell SRBC assay of IgM, lymphoproliferation assay of T and B cells, and adherence and phagocytosis of mocrophages. Results: In the damage of liver induced by D-galactosamine, GCT carried hepatoprotective effect on AST. In carbon clearance assay GCT showed significant effect on phagocytosis of Kuffer cells. In the plaque-forming cell assay, GCT improved the formation of IgM. In the lymphoproliferation assay, GCT activated the formation of T and B lymphocytes. In macrophages, GCT activated adherence and phagocytosis. Conclusion : Though further study is needed, our findings suggest that GCT could be recommended as hepatoprotector and immune modulator for liver disease.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.199-204
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• 1996

In order to investigate the effect of Injinho-tang on liver treated with CCl4, galactosamine, thioacetamide and hyperlipidemia induced by fructose, triton wr-1339, this experiment was performed. The results are as followings. 1. Injinho-tang decreased the serum TG and TC level in normal rats. 2. Injinho-tang decreased significantly the serum TG level induced by 75% Fructose. 3. Injinho-tang depressed significantly the serum TG and TC level in hyperlipidemia induced by Triton WR-1339. 4. The silymarin-Injinhotang group decreased more significantly the serum GOT, GPT, TC, TG level in comparison to the Injinho-tang treated group in CCl4, galactosamine and thioacetamide treated mice, rats.