• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1322-1327
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• 2003

It is important to determine supporting locations for structural stability of a structure under non-uniform load in space interfered by other parts. In this case, There are many local optima with discontinuous design space. Therefore, The traditional optimization methods based on derivative are not suitable. Whereas, Genetic algorithm(GA) based on stochastic search technique is a very robust and general method. This paper has been presented to determine supporting locations of the vertical supports for reducing stress of the KSTAR(Korea super Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research) IVCC(In-vessel control coil) under non-uniform electromagnetic load and space interfered by other parts using genetic algorithm. For this study, we develop a program combining finite element analysis with a genetic algorithm to perform structural analysis of IVCC. In addition, this paper presents a technique to perform optimization with FEM when design variables are trapped in an incongruent design space.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.120-129
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• 2000

This main study was the subject of the play facilities of children picnicking place which was installed in apartment complex. As to the production period of the facilities, the materiality and the materials of the play facilities, we examined the safety estimation about them. And we drew up a plan which could build and manage the children play facilities improved the better. According to the installation place, the result of safety estimation, the safety of play facilities in Ga-Kyeong-dong apartment complex which built up after 1997 years was the most excellent, the play facilities of Sa-Gik-Dong apartment Complex which built long ago have showed even poorer in all items of safety estimation. According to the materiality of play facilities, though the safety of association play rod in the safety estimation was the most excellent, the safety of swing was the very poor. According to the materiality of materials, the association of wood, stainless in the safety estimation was the safest. Especially, even though wood is soft and kind materials, as it has a shortcoming, the practical use depreciates. If iron materials like stainless associates with wood, we have thought that they have the good effect of the practical use. We have judged that the distance of contiguity facilities and the safety of corrosion or rottenness within the item of safety estimation as a subordination variable were the poorest. The arrangement of play facilities and the selection of materials happened to these problems. And we have known that they should get accomplished the construction work to make a plan thoroughly from it early.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.18-28
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• 2006

The Electric Power Subsystem (EPS) is one of the most critical systems on any satellite because nearly every subsystem requires power. This makes the choice of power systems the most important task facing satellite designers. The main purpose of the Satellite EPS is to provide continuous, regulated and conditioned power to all the satellite subsystems. It has to withstand radiation, thermal cycling and vacuums in hostile space environments, as well as subsystem degradation over time. The EPS power characteristics are determined by both the parameters of the system itself and by the satellite orbit. After satellite separation from the launch vehicle (LV) to its orbit, in almost all situations, the satellite subsystems (attitude determination and control, communication and onboard computer and data handling (OBC&DH)), take their needed power from a storage battery (SB) and solar arrays (SA) besides the consumed power in the EPS management device. At this point (separation point, detumbling mode), the satellite's angular motion is high and the orientation of the solar arrays, with respect to the Sun, will change in a non-uniform way, so the amount of power generated by the solar arrays will be affected. The objective of this research is to select satellite EPS component types, to estimate solar array illumination parameters and to determine the efficiency of solar arrays during both detumbling and normal operation modes.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.503-507
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• 2008

During the systematic study of the genus Bidens L. (Asteraceae) in Korea, we found two specimens collected from Bujeon Plateau, Hamgyungnam-do, which are recognized as a new taxon (B. radiata Thill. var. radiata) for the flora of Korea. The Korean name for this taxon is newly designated as 'Sam-ip-gu-wa-ga-mak-sa-ri'. The close relative of this taxon is B. radiata Thill. var. pinnatifida (Turcz. ex DC.) Kitam., but B. radiata var. radiata can be distinguished from B. radiata var. pinnatifida by having mostly 3-parted and lanceolate lobe of leaf. The key for varieties of B. radiata is given.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2016

For many past years, research in the operation of stand-alone Microgrid, which provides electric power generated from renewable energy sources and energy storage system instead of diesel generators, has been a major issue in order to prepare the exhaustion of fossil fuel and to protect environment, in island grids. Samso Island, known as the world's first stand-alone Microgrid in Denmark, is connected to the mainland grid through AC system, which has different technical conditions with Korea's isolated power system. Korea's first stand-alone Microgrid has been built in Ga-sa island, Chun-la-nam-do, based on Energy Management System (EMS) operation, and other islands are under construction to follow the next step. These stand-alone Microgrid's has large capacity of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and the proportion of the renewable energy sources are large, which makes it necessary to use a Microgrid-Energy Management System (MG-EMS) to operate the grid effectively and economically. However, since the main subject of MG-EMS is different from EMS, specific characteristics and functions must be different as well. In this paper, the necessary characteristics and functions are explained for a general MG-EMS compared to a large power system EMS.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
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• pp.167-168
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• 2006

High quality 3D-heterostructures were constructed by selective area (SA) molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) using a specially patterned GaAs (001) substrate. MBE growth parameters such as substrate temperature, V/III ratio, growth ratio, group V sources ($As_2$, $As_4$) were varied to calibrate the selective area growth conditions. Scanning micro-photoluminescence ($\mu$-PL) measurements and following analysis revealed that the gradually (adiabatically) coupled 2DEG-1D-1DEG field effect transistor (FET) system was realized. This 3D-heterostructure is very promising for the realization of the meso-scopic electronic devices and circuits since it makes it possible to form direct ohmic contact to the (quasi) 1DEG.

• Journal of architectural history
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.29-42
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• 2021

The Don-am district is a residential area that was supplied in 1936 as a land readjustment project(Tojiguhoekjeongri). The Don-am district was newly supplied with residential areas and urban hanoks were built in large numbers. The Don-am district was influenced by urban planning and legislation at that time. These affected in the layout and plan of urban hanok. Residential block in the Don-am district were developed sequentially from the late 1930s to the 1960s. Residential block were divided by modern construction company and sold by individual lots. The blocks supplied to the Don-am district made uniformly the corner out-off(Ga gak) for creating a vehicle-centered road. So urban hanoks located in the corner plot was transformed in response to the road. Residential blocks in Don-am district was divided into three to four rows. Therefore, alleys were created inside the block. Newly made alleys consist of a privately owned road(Sa-do), a public road(Gong-Do), and open space in the site. And the alleys were used as an entry space for sharing with neighboring. Urban hanoks of Don-am district have had changed and adapted to the formation of these alleys.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.113-128
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• 1991

This study has been carried out to investigate Pyu-Juk ( 肺積 ), Pyu-Ong ( 肺癰 ), Pyu-Ju ( 肺疽 ), Pyu-Am ( 肺癌 ) by referring to 56 literatures. The results were obtained as follows; 1. The treatllent-method of Pyu-Juk ( 肺積 ) are Ik Ki ( 益氣 ), SuI Yem Wha ( 洩陰火 ), So Juk ( 消積 ), Wha Juk ( 化積 ), Son Juk ( 損積 ), Ma Juk ( 摩積 ) Jo Chil Gi ( 調七氣 ), and herbs are Sik Bun Tang ( 息賁湯 ), Sik Bun Hwan ( 息賁丸 ), O Juk Hwan ( 五積丸 ), Ban ha Tang ( 半夏湯 ), Gil Gyung Tang ( 桔梗湯 ), Dae Chil Gi Tang ( 大七氣湯 ), Chil Gi Hwan ( 七氣湯 ) , Ga Gam Sik BlDl Hwan ( 加減息賁丸 ), Bil Rang San ( 檳郞散 ). 2. The treatment-method of Pyu-Ong ( 肺癰 ) Yang pyu ( 養肺 ), Yang Hyul ( 養血 ), Yang Gi ( 陽氣 ), Chung Geam Youn Pye ( 淸金潤肺 ), Hal Dam Bae Nong ( 豁痰排膿 ), Saeng Gi ( 生肌 ), herbs are Gil Gyung Tang ( 桔梗湯 ), Jung Ryuk Dae Jo Sa Pyu Tang ( ??大棗瀉肺湯 ), Chung Geom Wy Gyung Tang ( 千金 葦莖湯 ) Hwang Gi tang ( 黃嗜湯 ), Hyun Sam Chung Pyu Eum ( 玄蔘淸肺飮 ), Sip Mi Hwan ( 十味丸 ), Gil Gyung Baek San ( 桔梗白散 ), So Hong Eum ( 消膿飮 ), Sam Gi Bo Pyu Tang ( 蔘嗜補肺湯 ), sam Chul Gun Bi Tang ( 蔘朮健脾湯 ), Chung Pyu Gil Gyung Tang ( 淸肺桔梗湯 ), Yu Sung Hwan ( 如聖丸 ). 3. The treatment-method of Pyu-Ju ( 肺疽 ) are Be Bi ( 補脾 ), Bo Pyu ( 補肺 ), herbs are Hwang Gi Gum Jung Tang( 黃嗜補裨湯 ), lnSamBoPyuSan (人蔘補肺散) 4. The treatment-method of Pyu-Am ( 肺癌 ) are Bal Han ( 發汗 ), Chung Yul Hae Dok ( 淸熱解毒 ), Gang Hwa Do Dam ( 降火導痰 ), Hwa Rak Hwa a ( 和絡化瘀 ) Ik Pyu ( 益肺 ), Gun Bi ( 健脾 ), Ja Eum Yun Pyu ( 滋陰潤肺 ), Gi Hu Yang Bo ( 氣虛兩補 ), herbs are Gyul Yua Hae Dok Tang ( 莖熱解毒湯 ), Gang Hwa Jae ( 降火劑 ), Chil Yul Do Dam Tang ( 治熱導痰湯 ), Chong Ho Byul Gap Tang ( 靑蒿鱉甲湯 ), Ga gam Gil Gyung Tang ( 加減桔梗湯 ), Sang Mak San ( 生脈散), Yuk Mi Ji Hwang Tang ( 六味地黃湯 ), Baek Hap Go Geum Tang ( 百合固金湯 ), Dae Be Won Jun ( 大補元煎 ), Ga Mi Jae Che Bo Pyu Tang ( 加味載體補肺湯 ).

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• 제43집
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• pp.139-177
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• 2022

The only text that aids in the understanding of Songs of the Dao of Great Gods (大化神道歌詞), which was established by Yun Jin in 1984, is Mok-wun daegyeong (木運大經, The Great Scripture of Wood-Destiny) published by Oh Yeol-gyun in 1976. This scripture includes five songs: Wun-hoe dongbang-ga (運回東方歌, Songs of Destiny-Returning to the East), Gung-eul-ga (弓乙歌, Songs of Gung-eul), Dodeok-sa (道德詞, Morality Poems), Palguae-gugung byeon-yeok-ga (八卦九宮變易歌, Songs on the Changes of the Eight Trigrams and Nine Palaces), and Nakdang-ga (樂堂歌, Songs of the Paradisiacal Lands). Songs of the Dao of Great Gods, which is prone to embracing Daoist characteristics, is meant to be sung upon the realization of the Later World, the ideal earth. This is expressed as spring. In addition, we can easily find key terms such as Sampung-ga (三豊歌), Yangbaek-segye (兩白世界), Gung-eul-ga (弓乙歌), Gunggung-euleul (弓弓乙乙), Yanggung (兩弓), Euleul (乙乙), Gung-eul seonin (弓乙仙人), Samin-ilseok (三人一夕), Yijae-jeonjeon (利在田田), Gung-eul jiri (弓乙之理), Naenggeum-bugeum (冷金浮金), Seokjeong-gon (石井昆), Yangbaek (兩白), Sampung (三豊), and Sodumujok (小頭無足), all of which appear frequently in traditional prophecies and the faiths they have inspired. The precise meaning of these terms has yet to be revealed. Furthermore, Songs of the Dao of Great Gods contains lyrics prophesying that the return of the wood-destiny of the East and emphasizing the destiny of 3-8 wood as based on the Yellow River Chart (河圖). Songs of the Dao of Great Gods, originated the term, the World of Paradisiacal Lands (樂堂世界), and prophesyed that the wood-destiny of the East would return to create a new world that took Korea as its center. The text emphasized wood-destiny, symbolized by spring, and argued that the Dao of Great Gods could be ascetained from the principle of water-producing wood (水生木) found in the Eastern study of changes (易學) as approached by Choi Su-Wun (水雲), the founder of Donghak (東學).

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.1-19
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• 1994

In this paper, twenty-five kinds of food presented in Sooljip(戌集) 5 and 6 of Food collections of 'Kosa-sibi Jip(攷事十二集)' have been classified into four : Staple food, subsidiary food, Tuck(rice cake) and Han-gwa(Korean confectionery), and Tang-jng and tea. Cooking processes have been examined and scientifically analyzed in terms of cooking, Fourteen kinds of Jook (thick gruel with cereal) as well as Urak-Jook were presented among the methods of making Jook, one of staple foods. Milk and ground rice were boiled together into Urak-Jook, which was nutritious because of carbohydrate, added to milk. Hong-sa Myun was mode of ground shrimps, ground bean, ground rice and flour which were kneaded together. It was a nutritiously balanced food. Nineteen kinds of Kimchi presented in this book were classified by the recipes. The five of Jook-soon Ja, U-so Ja, Tam-bok Ja and Jo-gang were made by adding red malt and cereals(boiled rice or candies). Jo-gang, Jo-ga and Jo-gwa-chae were made by adding salt and rice wine. With salt and fermenters added, eight were made. Chim-jup-jeo-ga was made by adding Jang(soy-bean sauce) and the inner chaff of wheat instead of salt. The four of Ka-za-san, Hwang-gwa-san, Tong-gwa-san and Jo-gang were made by adding salt and vinegar. Jo-gang was made by adding salt, rice wine, residue of rice wine and candies. The four of Kae-mal-ga, Ku-cho-chim-chae, Un-gu-hwa and Suk-hwa-chim-chim-chae were made by adding salt and spices. San-got-Kimchi was made without salt. San-got-Kimchi and Suk-hwa-chim-chae were made originally in Korea. Suk-hwa-chim-chae, in particular, was first classified as a kind of Kimchi in this book and oysters were added, which is notable. Pork could be preserved longer when smoked oven the weak fire of thatch ten days and nights. Dog meat was sauced and placed on the bones in a pot. A porcelain was put on the top of the pot. Flour paste sealed the gap between the porcelain and the pot. Some water was poured into the porcelain, and the meat was steamed, with two or three thatched sacks burned, which was a distilled dry steaming. This process has been in use up to now. Various cooking methods of chicken were presented from in Umsik-dimi-bang to in Chosun Musang Sinsik Yori Jebup. These methods were ever present regardless of ages. Such measuring units as Guin(斤) and Nyang(兩) were most frequently used in cooking processes of this book, except in case of Jang(soy bean sauce), vinegar and liquor. Twenty eight kinds of kitchenware and cookers were used, of which porcelains wee most used and pans and sieves followed. The scientific eight cooking methods were as follows. First, salt was refined through saturated solution. Next, it was recommended Hong-sa Myun containing shrimps should not be taken along with pork, which is thought to be a proper diet in terms of cholesterol contained by shrimps and pork. Third, meat was coated with thin gruel and quickly roasted and cleared of the dried gruel membrane, which prevented nutrients from exuding and helped to make the meat well-done. Fourth, The fruit of paper mulberry trees has the protease which can soften meat. Therefore when meat was boiled with th fruit of paper mulberry trees, it can be softened easily. Fifth, pork was smoked over the weak fire of thatch. Sixth, in cooking dog meat, distilled dry steaming raised the boiling point and made it possible to preserve meat longer. Seventh, in boiling the sole of a bear, lime was added, which made meat tender by making the pH lower or higher than that of raw meat. Finally, in boiling down rice gluten, a porcelain in the pot prevented boiling over the brim, which is applied to pots in which to boil medical herbs.