• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.463-474
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• 2015

Future Ground Control Stations (GCSs) for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) teleoperation targets better situational awareness by providing extra motion cues to stimulate the vestibular system. This paper proposes a new virtual environment for long range Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) control via Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) communications, which is based on motion platforms. It generates motion cues for the teleoperator for extra sensory stimulation to enhance the guidance performance. The proposed environment employs the distributed component simulation over GSM network as a simulation platform. GSM communications are utilized as a multi-hop communication network, which is similar to global satellite communications. It considers a UAV mathematical model and wind turbulence effects to simulate a realistic UAV dynamics. Moreover, the proposed virtual environment simulates a Multiple Axis Rotating Device (MARD) as Human Machine Interface (HMI) device to provide a complete delay analysis. The demonstrated measurements cover Graphical User Interface (GUI) capabilities, NLoS GSM communications delay, MARD performance, and different software workload. The proposed virtual environment succeeded to provide visual and vestibular feedbacks for teleoperators via GSM networks. The overall system performance is acceptable relative to other Line-of-Sight (LoS) systems, which promises a good potential for future long range, medium altitude UAV teleoperation researches.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.1314-1321
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• 2006

GSM(Global System for Mobile Communications) is a Pan-European digital cellular mobile system supporting widespread roaming and personal communication services in a worldwide wireless communication network. In suite of providing security capability, however, there are some problems like user authentication in GSM. In this paper, we propose the enhanced authentication mechanism to verify strongly each network entity to so]ye user authentication problem and support anonymity for user privacy.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.6C
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• pp.645-650
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• 2006

GSM(Global System for Mobile communications) provides mobile users with portability and convenience as the most popular standard for mobile phones in the world. However, GSM system has the problem that can't normally authenticate a user by the exposure of IMSI(International Mobile Subscriber Identity) of Ms(Mobile station) during the user authentication procedure. In this paper, we propose secure user authentication by preventing the exposure if IMSI via transfer the encrypted IMSI from the HLR(Home Location Register) and making the only network entities verified from the HLR use the IMSI value, as the modified mechanism based on the original user authentication protocol to solve this authentication problem. Also the proposed mechanism provides fast user authentication without changing the architecture between new VLR and old VLR in the original GSM user authentication protocol as well as user's anonymity by using a temporary ID.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.42-47
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• 2000

This paper describes a real-time implementation of a GSM-EFR (Global System for Mobil communications Enhanced Full Rate) speech coder using OakDSP core; a 16bit fixed-point Digital Signal Processor (DSP) by DSP Group, Inc. The real-time implemented speech coder required about 24MIPS for computation and 7.06K words and 12.19K words for code and data memory, respectively. The implemented GSM-EFR speech coder passes all of test vectors provided by ETSI (European Telecommunication Standard Institute), and perceptual speech quality measurement using MNB algorithm shows that the quality of the GSM-EFR speech coder is similar to the one of 32kbps ADPCM. The real-time implemented GSM-EFR speech coder which is the highest bit-rate mode of the GSM-AMR speech coder will be used as the basic structure of the GSM-AMR speech coder which is embedded in MODEM ASIC of IMT2000 asynchronous mode mobile station.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.2421-2429
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• 2000

With the advance of wireless communications technology, mobile communications have become more convenient than ever. Nowadays, people can communicate with each other on any place at any time. However, because of the openness of wireless communications, the way to protect the privacy between communicating parties is becoming a very important issue. In this paper, we present a study on the authentication and message encryption algorithm to support roaming service to the GSM network. To propose an authentication and message encryption algorithm applicable to the GSM system, the security architecture of the GSM outlined in the GSM standard is briefly introduced. In the proposed cryptosystems we use a new hash function for user authentication and a stream cipher based on Linear Feedback Shift Register(LFSR) for message encryption and decryption. Moreover, each algorithm is programmed with C language and simulated on IBM-PC system and we analyze the randomness properties of the proposed algorithms by using statistical tests.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.57-62
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• 1993

GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)은 범유럽적으로 추진되고 있는 디지탈 이동통신시스템으로서 ETSI(European Telecommunication Standards Institute)에 의해 표준화가 추진되고 있다. GSM 시스템 규격에서는 도청 또는 불법 사용에 대비하여 암호기술을 이용한 가입자 I.D 인증 및 보호, 그리고 무선구간에서의 정보 보호를 위해 암호화 기능을 갖도록 권고하고 있다. 본고에서는 GSM 이동통신망에서의Security에 관련된 기능들과 암호 알고리즘 특성에 관하여 고찰하였다.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.70-75
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• 2002

GSM(Global System for Mobile Communications)은 현재 가장 광범위하게 사용되고 있는 디지털 이동 통신의 표준이다. 또한 GSM 표준에서 데이터 전송의 최종 evolution 버전인 EDGE(Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution)와 GSM Phase2＋ 개발의 일부분인 GSM 망에서 packet switching을 구현하는 기술인 GPRS(General Packet Radio Service)가 현재 유럽의 정보통신 표준화 기구인 ETSI(European Telecommunications Standards Institute)에 의해 표준화가 진행 중에 있다. GSM 시스템은 사용자 데이터의 기밀성을 보장하기 위한 암호화 알고리즘 A5를 사용하고 있지만 그 취약성이 계속 보고되고 있다. $^{[10,11]}$ 따라서 GSM의 강화된 암호화 알고리즘과 EDGE와 GPRS에서 사용자 데이터를 보호하기 위한 새로운 암호화 알고리즘의 개발이 요구되어왔다. 최근 ETSI의 SAGE(Security Algorithms Group of Experts)는 이러한 목적을 달성할 수 있는 새로운 표준 암호화 알고리즘 A5/3과 GEA3을 개발하였다. $^{[3,4,5,6]}$본 고에서는 GSM, EDGE, GPRS에서의 새로운 표준 암호화 알고리즘 A5/3과 GEA3을 분석하여 정리하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.97-102
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• 2008

A new internal antenna for GSM/DCS/Bluetooth application is proposed by using a folded loop resonator. Both feed leg and shorting leg are symmetrically implemented at the center of the folded loop, thus leading to produce resonances at integer frequencies of quarter wavelength. An open stub added at one end of the folded loop can reduce resonant frequencies. The open stub play a role in generating PIFA structure at a GSM band, thus increasing bandwidth, Two resonances at the GSM band are observed at folded ring and PIFA, respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.257-267
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• 2015

This paper presents a ultra-wideband sinuous antenna that operates in a whole frequency range (0.824~5.85 GHz) of Cellular/GSM-800, GSM900, ISM, GPS, DCS/GSM1800, PCS/GSM1900, WCDMA/UMTS/IMT2000, WiBro, WLAN and WiMax. The proposed antenna, which is composed of two sinuous arms, is designed as a self-complementary structure in order to have frequency-independent characteristics. It also uses a wideband balun of Klopfenstein taper structure to match to $50{\Omega}$. Experimental results show that the -10 dB return loss bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 5.24 GHz that ranges from 0.76 to 6 GHz, which covers all the frequency bands of the various wireless services. Within the entire operating frequency range, the measured radiation patterns in both E-plane and H-plane show nearly constant bidirectional broadside beams and the maximum antenna gain is measured to fall between 2.32~6.01 dBi.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.157-161
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• 2006

GSM(Global System for Mobile communications) that is the most popular standard for mobile phones, has more than 70% users in the world and the number of users increase continuously. However GSM system has the problem that cannot normally authenticate a user by the exposure of IMSI that is able to uniquely authenticate MS? during the user authentication procedure. In this paper? we provide security enhancement and user privacy by adopting a temporary id and an encryption scheme. Moreover we provide fast user authentication via architecture modification of the conventional GSM user authentication protocol.