• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2013

GPS is the most widely-used Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) system. Since GPS is an important PNT infrastructure, the vulnerability of GPS to signal jamming has received significant attention. Especially, South Korea has experienced intentional high-power jamming from North Korea for the past three years, and thus realized the necessity of a complementary PNT system. South Korea recently decided to deploy a high-power terrestrial navigation system, eLoran, as a complementary PNT system. According to the plan, the initial operational capability of the Korean eLoran system is expected by 2016, and the full operational capability is expected by 2018. As a necessary research tool to support the Korean eLoran program, an eLoran performance simulation tool for Korea is under development. In this paper, the received signal strength, which is necessary to simulate eLoran performance, from the suggested Korean eLoran transmitters is simulated with the consideration of effective ground conductivities over Korea. Then, eLoran signal-to-noise ratios are also simulated based on atmospheric noise data over Korea. This basic simulation tool will be expanded to estimate the navigation performance (e.g., accuracy, integrity, continuity, and availability) of the Korean eLoran system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38C no.12
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• pp.1216-1227
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• 2013

GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System) is now being widely used in both civilian and military applications where accurate positioning and timing information are required and it is considered as a representative convergence technique in IT-Military application techniques. However, GNSS has low sensitivity level of GNSS receivers and is vulnerable to jamming signal, since the signals come from the satellite located at approximately 20,000 Km above the earth. The studies for the anti-jamming techniques in military applications have been passively performed in the domestic, because the information related GNSS are dependent on the countries that have GNSS. In this paper, we show the effect of jammer ERP by analyzing the link budget of GPS J/S power as a function of distance between jammer and receiver. Also, we categorize the anti-jamming techniques based on the functional block diagram of GNSS receiver structure and analyze the recent anti-jamming GNSS products and their technologies developed in domestic and foreign countries.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39C no.11
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• pp.1023-1030
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• 2014

Beam steering algorithms using array antenna are mainly used in such a manner as anti-jamming method. However, the performance is changed according to the position of signals despite the same number of signals and the same received power. In this paper, we analyzed the effect of the position relationship of the signals on the performance of the beam steering algorithms. Therefore, we defined 'signal separation' as the minimum angle of the interference signals and the desired signal, and analysed the relationship between the C/N0 performance of beam steering algorithms as LCMV/PM and the signal separation. For simulation, we set many GPS signals and jamming signals compared to the degrees of freedom. And changed the position and the height of the receiver in order to obtain various signal separation angles. In addition, we examined the effects of signal separation and JSR on the anti-jamming performance by applying the loss factors of the received power. Through the research, there is a tendency that the performance of beam steering algorithms is increased with the increase of the signal separation, and signal separation is more severely affecting on the anti-jamming performance compared to the number of signals and JSR.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.115-122
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• 2011

미국에서 군용목적으로 개발된 GPS는 21세기에 접어들면서 차량용 내비게이션, 스마트폰 등의 일상생활에서 쉽게 사용될 뿐만 아니라, 이동통신망, 전력망, 금융망 등 국가 기간통신망에서도 활용되고 있으며, 날이 갈수록 다양한 분야에서 매우 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있다. 하지만, GPS는 신호세기가 미약하므로 전파 방해에 취약하여 전파교란되기 매우 쉽다. 최근 서해안 및 금강산 지역의 GPS 교란 신호 발생으로 인해 이통사 및 항공사 등에서 GPS 신호를 활용하는데 심각한 문제를 야기하였다. 본 고에서는 GPS 전파교란 문제를 예방 및 피해를 최소화하기 위하여 국외에서 개발중인 GPS 전파교란 감시 기술 동향을 살펴보고, 국내에서 위성항법지상국 기술개발을 통하여 확보된 위성항법 신호감시국 기술과 추진 중인 전파교란 감시 기술개발 현황에 대하여 소개한다.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.773-779
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• 2006

GPS/INS integration is widely considered as main navigation systems of vehicles since GPS(Global Positioning System) and INS(Inertial Navigation System) have their own strength and weakness, respectively. Accuracy, continuity, integrity, and availability should be provided in navigation systems of vehicles. Ultra-tightly integration can improve these capacities, expecially availability of GPS. Unmanned Expedition Vehicles(UEV) must be robust against Jamming and external impact because UEV have to substitute for a man when they are in the place where they can not be controlled by a man. This paper analyzes the performance of Ultra-tightly integration and compares it with those of loosely integration and tightly integration for some trajectories

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2022

In this paper, a low-cost, flexible GPS simulator based on USRP is designed as a general-purpose software wireless front-end. The simulator consists of a software GPS signal generator and a USRP-based RF transmitter. The simulator supports various scenarios including specified reception time, quantization bit level, I/Q data types, IF frequency, sampling frequency, SNR, ionospheric delay and user dynamics. The generated GPS RF signal is verified using the spectrum analyzer and off-the-shelf GNSS receivers such as U-blox M8T. The experimental results shows that the difference between generated and real live signal is ignorable. It is expected that designed GPS simulator can be used to GNSS signal design, receiver design and signal processing algorithms such as anti-jamming.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.105-109
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• 2012

In this paper, we developed an adoptable deployment method to the transmitting antennas of a ground based GPS system for aircraft. Aircraft generally uses satellite providing GPS signals for accurate position information, but transfers to ground based GPS signals time to time due to jamming signals or bad weather. The position accuracy of the ground based GPS system is highly dependent on the number and position of the GPS transmitting antennas. In this research, we found an algorism to predict the DOP due to the location of the GPS transmitting antennas and had an accurate DOP 2.5 area into 3-dimension from 0 to 10 km by 12 transmitting antennas.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37C no.9
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• pp.811-820
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• 2012

GNSS signal is vulnerable to jamming signal because of well-known signal structure and weak signal power. For these reasons, the need for analysis of jamming effects and anti-jamming techniques of is increasing. In this paper, a GNSS signal generator is designed which includes a radio wave propagation model for six kind of tactical environments and a body masking model for the reception environment of a vehicle. The radio wave propagation model for downtown, rural, forest, coastline, waste land and snow or ice area is designed using two-ray model. The body masking model is designed the effect which the antenna is affected by the reception environment of a vehicle and radiation pattern from a user configuration. The performance of generated signals from the GNSS signal generator considering reception environment of a vehicle is evaluated by a commercial GPS L1 receiver(NordNav) in normal and jamming environment. Also, the generated GNSS signal is compared to a commercial GPS L1 H/W based RF signal generator(STR4500). The results show that the designed GNSS signal generator in a normal environment compared to the same navigation performance. In jamming environment, it is shown that the body masking effect and GNSS signal acquisition and tracking loss in compliance with the jamming signal are precisely working in the reception environment of a vehicle.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2014

The most effective method to overcome GPS jamming problem is to use an adaptive array antenna which has the capability of beamforming or nulling to a certain direction. In this paper, Space Time Adaptive Processing (STAP) beamforming algorithm of four elements array antenna will be designed and the anti-jamming performance will be analyzed. According to the analysis, the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and anti-jamming performance can be enhanced by beamforming algorithm. Also, the time tap effect of STAP algorithm will be analyzed theoretically and verified with array antenna modeling and simulation. Specially, the cautious selection of reference time tap in STAP can prevent the degradation of position accuracy performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.312-318
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• 2011

최근 서해지역 및 경기북부지역에서는 북측의 소행으로 의심되는 GPS 재밍 사고가 수차례 발생되면서 선박 및 항공기의 운항차질은 물론이고 기간통신망 및 방송사 장비의 장애 현상을 격는 등 위성항법시스템의 취약성에 대한 국가 측위인프라의 안전 대책이 절실히 요구되고 있다. 따라서 본 자료에서는 지상송신국을 기반으로 하는 eLoran 시스템을 활용하여 GNSS 대체항법시스템으로 활용하여 항법 및 타이밍 분야의 안전성도 확보하고, 기존 로란-C 인프라를 활용함으로서 구축비용 및 설치기간을 최소화 하는 국가측위인프라 효율화 방안에 관해 고찰하였다.