• 폴리머
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.340-346
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• 2008

폴리우레탄의 분자구조 변화가 CNT와 GNF의 분산성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 폴리우레탄의 분자구조를 달리하여 다양한 종류의 폴리우레탄을 합성하였다. 합성된 폴리우레탄은 저농도의 무기충진제(CNT, GNT)를 포함한 필름으로 제조하여 분산성과 분산에 따른 전기전도성 변화를 조사하였다. 선형구조의 hard segment를 가진 HDI계 폴리우레탄이 아로마틱링을 포함한 TDI, MDI 또는 NDI계 폴리우레탄에 비해 우수한 분산성을 보였으며, 동시에 가장 높은 표면 전도도를 나타내었다. 이는 선형 구조를 가진 HDI hard segment의 높은 분자운동성에 기인한 것으로 사료된다. CNT, GNF의 폴리우레탄 매트릭스상 분산에 있어 CNT는 GNF에 비하여 낮은 비중에 기인한 상분리 현상으로 인하여 낮은 분산성을 보였으며, 이는 곧 표면저항 값의 저하로 이어졌다. 그러나, CNT는 폴리우레탄상의 낮은 분산성에도 불구하고 CNT 고유의 높은 전기전도 특성으로 인해 GNF에 비해 높은 표면 전도도를 유지하였다. Silver/PU 복합필름과의 전기전도도 특성 비교를 위하여 동일 무게 함량의 충진제를 함유한 CNT/PU, GNF/PU 복합체 필름을 제조 후, 이들 필름간의 상대 전기 전도도를 비교 관찰하였다. CNT와 GNF로 이루어진 복합필름은 silver/PU 복합필름에 비해 동일한 무게 함량의 무기충진제를 함유한 필름에서 $30{\sim}50%$의 낮은 표면 저항값을 나타내게 되는데, 이는 실린더형의 CNT 및 GNF 충진제가 구형의 silver에 비해 많은 접촉점을 가지기 때문으로 기인한다.

• Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.170-175
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• 2018

Background: Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common liver tumor and the main cause of cancer-related death. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib and GNF5 which were developed to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia, regulate the progression of various cancers. The aim of this study was to confirm the anti-tumor activity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors through regulation of S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2), an important oncogenic factor in various cancer cells, in human hepatocarcinoma SK-HEP1 cells. Methods: Cell viability and colony formation assays were conducted to evaluate the effects of imatinib, GNF5 and GNF2 on the growth of SK-HEP1 cells. Using immunoblot analysis, we assessed change of the activation of caspases, PARP, Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and Skp2/p27/p21 pathway by imatinib and GNF5 in SK-HEP1 cells. Using sh-Skp2 HCC cells, the role of Skp2 in the effects of imatinib and GNF5 was evaluated. Results: Imatinib and GNF5 significantly inhibited the growth of SK-HEP1 cells. Treatment of imatinib and GNF5 decreased Skp2 expression and Akt phosphorylation, and increased the expression of p27, p21, and active-caspases in SK-HEP1 cells. In sh-Skp2 HCC cells, cell growth and the expression of Skp2 were inhibited by more than in the mock group treated with imatinib and GNF5. Conclusions: These results suggest that the anti-growth activity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors may be associated with the regulation of p27/p21 and caspases through Skp2 blockage in HCC cells.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.338-343
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• 2014

A $Fe_3O_4$-graphite nanofiber composite for use as an anode material was successfully synthesized by calcining $Fe_3O_4$ and graphite nanofiber (GNF) together in a $N_2$ atmosphere. Using this $Fe_3O_4$-GNF composite in a lithium ion battery resulted in a higher lithium storage capacity than that obtained using $Fe_3O_4$-graphite ($Fe_3O_4$-G). The $Fe_3O_4$-GNF (10 wt%) electrode exhibited a higher lithium ion diffusion coefficient ($2.29{\times}10^{-9}cm^2s^{-1}$) than did the $Fe_3O_4$-G (10%) ($3.17{\times}10^{-10}cm^2s^{-1}$). At a current density of $100mA\;g^{-1}$, the $Fe_3O_4$-GNF (10 wt%) anode showed a higher reversible capacity ($1,031mAh\;g^{-1}$) than did the $Fe_3O_4$-G (10%) anode ($799mAh\;g^{-1}$). Moreover, the $Fe_3O_4GNF$ electrodes showed good cycling performance without the addition of a conductive material.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.369-372
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• 2009

In the present study, the effect of chemical treatment on graphite nanofibers (GNFs) supports with various concentrated nitric acids was investigated for methanol oxidation. To optimize the electrocatalytic activity, PtRu catalysts were deposited on GNF supports by impregnation method. The surface and structural properties of the GNF supports were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), element analyzer (EA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology of the catalysts was observed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrocatalytic activity of PtRu/GNF catalysts was investigated by cyclic voltammetry measurement. As a result, the oxygen functional groups were introduced on the GNF supports and were gradually increased with increasing of concentrated nitric acid, causing the smaller particle size and higher loading level. And the electrocatalytic activity of the catalysts for methanol oxidation was gradually improved. Consequently, it was found that chemical treatments could influence on surface properties of the carbon supports, resulting in enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of the catalysts for DMFCs.

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기화학회 2002년도 연료전지심포지움 2002논문집
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• pp.197-200
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• 2002

The electrooxidation of methanol was studied using carbon-supported PtRu(1:1) alloy nanoparticles In sulfuric acid solution for application to a direct methanol fuel cell. The GNF-supported catalyst showed excellent catalytic activities compared to those of Vulcan XC-72. The structure and electrocatalytic activity of carbon-supported electrocatalyst were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The CV and CA confirmed the advantage of GNF as the supporting material. This can be explained by assuming that the enhanced activities of GNF-supported catalyst for methanol electrooxidation were caused by the unique properties of GNF.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2004년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.35-38
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• 2004

Graphite nanofiber (GNF) and carbon nanotube (CNT) are novel fiber reinforcing materials which have outstanding physical and mechanical properties. Aluminum matrix composites reinforced graphite nanofiber were fabricated by conventional powder metallurgy (PM) method. The composites were prepared through ultrasonication, ball milling, and hot isostatic pressing. A uniform distribution of GNF in aluminum matrix could be obtained. To measure the mechanical properties of GNF-Al composites testings were done in indentation and compression. The compressive strength was enhanced according to reinforcing graphite nanofiber while the hardness was decreased. This study makes the high performance composites for future applications.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.53-56
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• 2014

In this work, we investigate the operational properties of this proposed device in detail via classical MD simulations. The bi-stability of the GNF(Graphene Nano-flake) shuttle encapsulated in bi-layer GNR could be achieved from the increase of the attractive energy between the GNRs when the GNF approached the edges of the GNRs. This result showed the potential application of the nano-electromechanical GNR memory as a NVRAM.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.673-678
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 탄소지지체로 활성탄소를 주요재료로 사용하고 여기에 그라파이트 나노섬유(graphite nanofibers)를 함량별로 혼합시킨 후, 백금전구체를 포함하는 용액에 분산시키고, 화학적인 환원반응을 통해서 백금입자를 담지하여 제조하였다. 첨가하는 GNF의 함량을 조절하면서, 백금입자의 결정 크기와 담지함량을 제어할 수 있었다. GNF 함량이 15 wt%인 혼합지지체를 사용한 백금입자의 경우, 최대의 전기활성 특성을 나타내었다. 또한, GNF 함량을 0%에서 15%로 증가시킴에 따라 전기전도도가 $10^{-4}S/cm$에서 $10^{-1}S/cm$로 증가하였다. 첨가제 GNF를 10%까지 도입한 경우, 백금입자의 전기활성은 크게 증가하는 경향을 보이지만, 15%에서는 그 증가경향이 작아져서 포화되는 현상이 보였다. 이런 결과는 전기활성도의 변화가 혼합지지체의 전기전도도 변화와 백금이 담지된 함량, 그리고, 담지형태와 관련성이 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권11호
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• pp.711-719
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• 2010

Kinomics is an emerging and promising approach for deciphering kinomes. Chemical kinomics is a discipline of chemical genomics that is also referred to as "chemogenomics", which is derived from chemistry and biology. Chemical kinomics has become a powerful approach to decipher complicated phosphorylation-based cellular signaling networks with the aid of small molecules that modulate kinase functions. Moreover, chemical kinomics has played a pivotal role in the field of kinase drug discovery as it enables identification of new molecular targets of small molecule kinase modulators and/or exploitation of novel functions of known kinases and has also provided novel chemical entities as hit/lead compounds. In this short review, contemporary chemical kinomics technologies such as activity-based protein profiling, T7 kinasetagged phages, kinobeads, three-hybrid systems, fluorescenttagged kinase binding assays, and chemical genomic profiling are discussed along with a novel allosteric Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitor (GNF-2/GNF-5) as a successful application of chemical kinomics approaches.

• Carbon letters
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• 제19권
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• pp.99-103
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• 2016

Porous carbons have attracted much attention for their novel application in gas storage. In this study, porous graphite nano-fiber (PGNFs)-based graphite nano fibers (GNFs) were prepared by KOH activation to act as adsorbents. The GNFs were activated with KOH by changing the GNF/KOH weight ratio from 0 through 5 at 900℃. The effects of the GNF/KOH weight ratios on the pore structures were also addressed with scanning electron microscope and N₂ adsorption/desorption measurements. We found that the activated GNFs exhibited a gradual increase of CO₂ adsorption capacity at CK-3 and then decreased to CK-5, as determined by CO₂ adsorption isotherms. CK-3 had the narrowest micropore size distribution (0.6–0.78 nm) among the treated GNFs. Therefore, KOH activation was not only a significant method for developing a suitable pore-size distribution for gas adsorption, but also increased CO₂ adsorption capacity as well. The study indicated that the sample prepared with a weight ratio of ‘3’ showed the best CO₂ adsorption capacity (70.8 mg/g) as determined by CO₂ adsorption isotherms at 298 K and 1 bar.