• 공업화학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 1997

고탄성, 고강도의 특성을 가지고 있는 열방성 액정고분자인 Vectra(LCP)와 무정형 poly(${\varepsilon}-caprolactam$) (PA)의 합금에서 LCP의 함량이 10parts 미만에서는 LCP의 네마틱 상의 유리전이온도가 $4{\sim}5^{\circ}C$ 정도 낮은 족으로 이동되나 그 이상의 함량에서는 유리전이온도의 이동을 볼 수 없는 것으로 보아 부분적인 상용성만 나타나게 됨을 확인하였다. PA/LCP 합금에서 LCP의 함량을 증가시켜 주기위해 N-g1ycinylmaleimide(GMI)를 합성한 다음 이를 methylmetacrylate(MMA)와 공중합시켜 poly(glycinylmaleimide-co-methylmetacrylate)[poly(GMI-co-MMA)]공중합체를 합성하고 이를 상용화제로 사용하였으며 이를 사용하는 경우 LCP 30parts 이상을 혼합하여도 혼화성이 있음을 알 수 있었고 이들 합금의 상용성은 합금의 각종 혼합비율에 따른 열적 특성과 rheological 특성을 측정하여 확인하고 고속충격특성과 굴곡강도 및 탄성율을 측정하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권11호
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• pp.741-746
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• 2011

Tanning ability is important, because it represents the ability of the skin to protect itself against ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Here, we sought to determine genetic regions associated with tanning ability. Skin pigmentation was measured at the outer forearm and buttock areas to represent facultative and constitutive skin color, respectively. In our study population consisting of isolated Mongolian subjects, with common histories of environmental UV exposure during their nomadic life, facultative skin color adjusted by constitutive skin color was used to indicate tanning ability. Through linkage analysis and family-based association tests of 345 Mongolian subjects, we identified 2 potential linkage regions regulating tanning ability on 5q35.3 and 12q13.2, having 6 and 7 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), respectively. Those significant SNPs were located in or adjacent to potential candidate genes related to tanning ability: GRM6, ATF1, WNT1, and SILV/Pmel17.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2018

Passive microwave sea surface temperatures (SST) were validated in the Northwest Pacific using a total of 102,294 collocated matchup data between Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) / GPM Microwave Sensor(GMI) data and oceanic in-situ temperature measurements from March 2014 to December 2016. A root-mean-square (RMS) error and a bias error of the GMI SST measurements were evaluated to $0.93^{\circ}C$ and $0.05^{\circ}C$, respectively. The SST differences between GMI and in-situ measurements were caused by various factors such as wind speed, columnar atmospheric water vapor, land contamination near coastline or islands. The GMI SSTs were found to be higher than the in-situ temperature measurements at low wind speed (<6 m/s) during the daytime. As the wind speed increased at night, SST errors showed positive bias. In addition, other factors, coming from atmospheric water vapor, sensitivity degradation at a low temperature range, and land contamination, also contributed to the errors. One of remarkable characteristics of the errors was their latitudinal dependence with large errors at high latitudes above $30^{\circ}N$. Seasonal characteristics revealed that the errors were most frequently observed in winter with a significant positive deviation. This implies that SST errors tend to be large under conditions of high wind speeds and low SSTs. Understanding of microwave SST errors in this study is anticipated to compensate less temporal capability of Infrared SSTs and to contribute to increase a satellite observation rate with time, especially in SST composite process.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 2006

The effect of annealing temperature on the permeability and giant magneto-impedance (GMI) behaviors of $Fe_{68.5}Mn_{5}Si_{13.5}B_9Nb_3Cu_1$ amorphous alloy has been systematically investigated. The nanocrystalline $Fe_{68.5}Mn_{5}Si_{13.5}B_9Nb_3Cu_1$ alloys consisting of ultra-fine $(Fe,Mn)_3Si$ grains embedded in an amorphous matrix were obtained by annealing their precursor alloy at the temperature range from $500^{\circ}C\;to\;600^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour in vacuum. The permeability and GMI profiles were measured as a function of external magnetic field. It was found that the increase of both the permeability and the GMI effect with increasing annealing temperature up to $535^{\circ}C$ was observed and ascribed to the ultrasoft magnetic properties in the sample, whereas an opposite tendency was found when annealed at $600^{\circ}C$ which is due to the microstructural changes caused by high-temperature annealing. The study of temperature dependence on the permeability and GMI effect showed some insights into the nature of the magnetic exchange coupling between nanocrystallized grains through the amorphous boundaries in nanocrystalline magnetic materials.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2003년도 하계학술연구발표회 및 한.일 공동심포지엄
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• pp.60-61
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• 2003

Theoretical considerations on a giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect in amorphous ribbons (i.e., thin films) have been made in terms of the expressions of effective permeability and impedance derived in the frame of classical electrodynamics and ferromagnetism. The dependence of GMI effect on the external do magnetic field (H$\_$ext/) and the frequency of alternating current are simulated and discussed in the knowledge of energy conversion consisting of the current energy loss, the ferromagnetic energy consumption, and the magnetic energy storage in the film. The obtained results are summarized as follow: (a) As frequency f< 20 ㎒, the real part of effective permeability (${\mu}$′) changes slightly. The peak of the ${\mu}$′curve always locates at H$\_$ext/=H$\_$ani/ - the anisotropy field. However, the peak value of ${\mu}$′ tends to increase with increasing frequency in the frequency range of 11-20 ㎒. (b) In the frequency range, f= 21-23 ㎒, a negative peak additionally appears. Meanwhile, both the positive and negative peak values rapidly increase with increasing frequency and their peak positions shift towards a high H$\_$ext/. (c) The positive peak value of ${\mu}$′ starts to decrease at f= 29 ㎒ and its negative peak does so at about 35 ㎒. Then, both peaks keep such a tendency and their peak positions move to high H$\_$ext/, as increasing frequency. (d) The dependence of the imaginary part of effective permeability (${\mu}$") on the external dc magnetic field and the frequency of the alternating field indicates that there is only one peak involved in ${\mu}$" for the whole frequency range. (e) The impedance vs. magnetic field curves at various frequencies show that there is a critical value of frequency around f= 18-19 ㎒ where the transition between two frequency regimes occurs; the one (low frequency) in which ${\mu}$′ predominantly contributes to the GMI effect and the other (high frequency) in which ${\mu}$" determines the GMI effect.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2000

The hysteretic characteristics of giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) profiles have been measured in Co-based amorphous ribbon with various anisotropy angles $\theta_k$, and they have been analyzed by using the Stoner-Wohl-farth model. Two-peaks behavior with a dip near zero field is revealed in the measured GMI profile at 10 MHz irrespective of $\theta_k$. The negligible hysteresis of the field fur the dip is close to the calculation assuming the magnetization jump from a metastable to stable state. However, the hysteretic asymmetry far the angle range of $20^\circ\leq\theta_k < 60^\circ$ is well described by the divergence in the calculation without the magnetization jump. The asymmetry for $\theta_k\geq60^\circ$ may be due to the divergence, but the shapes of measured profiles are quite different from the calculations with single peak near zero field, indicating that Stoner-Wohlfarth model can be well used to describe GMI characteristics for the anisotropy angle range of $20^\circ\leq\theta_k < 60^\circ$at the frequency of 10 MHz in Co-based amorphous ribbons.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.42-46
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• 2009

The measurement of external magnetic field orientation using Giant Magneto Impedance (GMI) sensors has been performed. A soft magnetic alloy of $Co_{30}Fe_{34}Ni_{36}$ was electroplated on a Si wafer with a CoFeNi seed layer. V-shaped microwire patterns were formed using a conventional photolithography process. An external magnetic field was generated by a rectangular AlNiCo permanent magnet. The reference direction was defined as the external magnetic field direction oriented in the middle of 2 GMI devices. As the orientation of the magnetic field deviated from the reference direction, variation in the field component along each device introduced voltage changes. It was found that, by taking the voltage difference between the left and right arms of the Vshaped device, the nonlinearity of each device could be significantly reduced. The fabricated angle sensor had a linear range of approximately $70^{\circ}$ and an overall sensitivity of approximately 10 mV.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2009년도 임시총회 및 하계학술연구발표회
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• pp.214-216
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• 2009

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2010년도 임시총회 및 하계학술연구발표회
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• pp.180-180
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• 2010

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2003년도 하계학술연구발표회 및 한.일 공동심포지엄
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• pp.58-59
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• 2003

We have developed a simple model allowing further clarifications of the magnetoresistance (MR) contribution to the giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect in thin films. The theoretical considerations are the following. It is absolutely assumed that a thin film with no magnetic domain structure and a high frequency ac current I = I$\sub$0/e$\^$iwt/ flowing parallel to the Z direction in the plane of the film. The sample has the thickness 2a in the X direction, thus the Y direction in the plane of the sample and perpendicular to the current direction. The transverse permeability ${\mu}$$\sub$Y/ in the Y direction is uniform. In the case of GMI effect, the total impedance Z = R + iX can be written as.