• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.46-53
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• 2010

In this paper, we explained status and development trend of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System): GPS (Global Satellite System) of US, GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) of Russia, Galileo of EU, Beidou/Compass of China, and QZSS (Quasi-Zenith Satellite System) of Japan). System construction and operation status of five GNSS systems were summarized. In addition, development plan and modernization of these systems were explained.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2018

The Russian Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) has been fully recovered since October 2011, and it has been significantly modernized. The recently launched GLONASS 752 was set for successful performance on October 16, 2017 and has resulted in 24-satellite constellation with 22 second-generation (GLONASS-M) satellites, and a third-generation (GLONASS-K) satellite. Therefore, this paper is focused on not only the identified navigation parameters, but also the performance analysis of the project based on its real data received from the studied satellites. It is verified that the 5-11 satellites are available for receiving navigation signal at this time. The obtained values of GDOP, PDOP, HDOP, VDOP, and TDOP are 2.790, 2.424, 1.169, 2.123, and 1.381, noted respectively in standard deviation. In fact, the level of positioning precision is about 1.4m in standard deviation. As a result, the positioning performances of the measured GLONASS and GPS are virtually identical. Therefore, we determine that the GLONASS is expected to be expanded for future applications.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.333-339
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• 2022

The satellite navigation system was developed for the purpose of calculating the location of local users, starting with the Global Positioning System (GPS) in the 1980s. Advanced countries in the space industry are operating Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) that covers the entire earth, such as GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou, by establishing satellite navigation systems for each country. Regional Navigation Satellite Systems (RNSS) such as QZSS and NavIC are also in operation. In the early 2010s, only GPS and GLONASS could calculate location using a single system for location determination. After 2016, the EU and China also completed the establishment of GNSS such as Galileo and BeiDou. As a result, satellite navigation users can benefit from improved availability of GNSS. In addition, before Galileo and BeiDou's Full Operational Capability (FOC) declaration, they used combined navigation algorithms to calculate the user's location by adding another satellite navigation system to the GPS satellites. Recently, it may be possible to calculate a user's location for each navigation system using the resources of a single system. In this paper, we evaluated the performance of single system navigation and combined navigation solutions of GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou and QZSS individual navigation systems using high-performance GNSS receivers.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.494-502
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• 2001

GPS(Global Positioning System) and GLONASS(GLObal Navigation Satellite System) are basic technologies providing the information of the position and the time, and they have various applications such as navigation, survey, control, and so on. However, each GPS and GLONASS has limited number of visible satellites, and, from the view of strategy, it is undesirable to be heavily dependent on only one system. Thus, GPS/GLONASS combined receiver became required to obtain more precise navigation and system stability. In this paper, the RF front end of GPS/GLONASS combined receiver was fabricated on 130$\times$80 $\textrm{mm}^2$ PCB(Printed Circuit Board), and its system application was shown finally one chip possibility of GLONASS receiver is studied.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2019

The mission tasks of polar exploration utilizing unmanned systems such as glacier monitoring, ecosystem research, and inland exploration have been expanded. To facilitate unmanned exploration mission tasks, precise and robust navigation systems are required. However, limitations on the utilization of satellite navigation system are present due to satellite orbital characteristics at the polar region located in a high latitude. The orbital inclination of global positioning system (GPS), which was developed to be utilized in mid-latitude sites, was designed at $55^{\circ}$. This means that as the user is located in higher latitudes, the satellite visibility and vertical precision become worse. In addition, the use of satellite-based wide-area augmentation system (SBAS) is also limited in higher latitude regions than the maximum latitude of signal reception by stationary satellites, which is $70^{\circ}$. This study proposes a local-area augmentation system that additionally utilizes Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) considering satellite navigation system environment in Polar Regions. The orbital inclination of GLONASS is $64.8^{\circ}$, which is suitable in order to ensure satellite visibility in high-latitude regions. In contrast, GLONASS has different system operation elements such as configuration elements of navigation message and update cycle and has a statistically different signal error level around 4 m, which is larger than that of GPS. Thus, such system characteristics must be taken into consideration to ensure data integrity and monitor GLONASS signal fault. This study took GLONASS system characteristics and performance into consideration to improve previously developed fault detection algorithm in the local-area augmentation system based on GPS. In addition, real GNSS observation data were acquired from the receivers installed at the Antarctic King Sejong Station to analyze positioning accuracy and calculate test statistics of the fault monitors. Finally, this study analyzed the satellite visibility of GPS/GLONASS-based local-area augmentation system in Polar Regions and conducted performance evaluations through simulations.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.14 no.2 s.37
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• pp.211-221
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• 2006

GLONASS(Global NAvigation Satellite System) using the satellite information on 19,100km altitude supplies the location information similar method with GPS. Therefore, many researches study in combination GPS and GLONASS. This research compares with deciding coordination of one unit parcel using RTK-GPS and RTK-GPS/CLONASS. Then we examine the possibility of RTK-GPS/GLONASS for determining parcel coordinate.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.303-310
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• 2002

Nowadays, the combined land navigation system using GPS(Global Positioning System) and DR(Deduced Reckoning), etc. has been used. Although GPS is popular with the land navigation system, this is not useful for the kinematic positioning of the vehicles in the urban canyon because of its few satellites. Thus, this study deals with the kinematic positioning of the vehicles with the combined GPS/GLONASS(GLObal Navigation Satellite System) to compliment the drawbacks of GPS. So the kinematic positioning of the vehicles can be performed constantly by the combined GPS/GLONASS based on the high acquisition rate of data with the help of GLONASS despite of many obstacles and few satellites tracked in the test sites. Consequently, the combined GPS/GLONASS can be applicable to the control of traffic flow and the effective management of read system.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.205-211
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• 2015

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is undergoing dramatic changes. Nowadays, much more satellites are transmitting navigation data at more frequencies. A multi-GNSS analysis is performed to improve the positioning accuracy by processing combined observations from different GNSS. The multi-GNSS technique can improve significantly the positioning accuracy. In this paper, we present a combined Global Positioning System (GPS), the GLObal NAvigation Satellite System (GLONASS), the China Satellite Navigation System (BeiDou), and the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) standard point positioning (SPP) method to exploit all currently available GNSS observations at Mokpo (MKPO) station in South Korea. We also investigate the multi-GNSS data recorded at MKPO reference station. The positioning accuracy is compared with several combinations of the satellite systems. Because of the different frequencies and signal structure of the different GNSS, intersystem biases (ISB) parameters for code observations have to be estimated together with receiver clocks in multi-GNSS SPP. We also present GPS/GLONASS and GPS/BeiDou ISB values estimated by the daily average.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2007

현재 운용중인 전 세계적인 위성항법시스템(GNSS : Global Navigation Satellite System)은 미국의 GPS(Global Positioning System)와 러시아의 GLONASS(Global Navigation Satellite System)가 있다. 전 세계적으로 주로 사용되는 시스템은 GPS이며, GLONASS는 러시아의 경제사정 악화로 인하여 지속적인 위성발사가 이루어지지 못하고 있다. 추가적으로 추진되고 있는 위성항법시스템은 유럽의 갈릴레오(Galileo), 중국의 북두(Beidou), 일본의 JRANS(Japanese Regional Advanced Navigation System) 그리고 2006년 5월에 구축 프로젝트가 승인된 인도의 IRNSS(Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System)가 있다. 보강시스템의 경우, 미국 FAA(Federal Aviation Administration)는 광역오차보정시스템(WAAS)을 Raytheon사와 개발하였으며, 현재 착륙용 근거리오차보정시스템(LAAS)을 Raytheon사 및 Honeywell사와 함께 정부/산업체 공동개발 사업(GIP; Government Industry Partnership)으로 진행 중에 있다. 유럽은 EGNOS(European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service)를 사용하고 있으며, 일본의 MSAT(MTSAT Satellite Based Augmentation System)와 인도의 GAGAN(GPS and GEO Augmented Navigation)은 추진 중이다. 이 글에서는 위성항법시스템과 위성항법 보강시스템의 현황을 살펴본다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.27-31
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• 2006

With the fast developing pace, the Galileo system is entering the navigation stage with high profile. At the same time, U.S. is accelerating his GPS modernization schedule, and Russian also begins to resuscitate their GLONASS. Moreover, Chinese Beidou system has also joined the satellite navigation family with low profile already. And of course Japanese QZSS even moves forward. Along with the bitter competition in technology, finance, market and even military affairs, all these systems will firmly benefit each other and massively extend the role of civil satellite navigation industry in the future. The Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) would be almost certain to include above major satellite navigation systems. Thus how to utilize the navigation satellite resource for world peace and promote the progress of mankind should be the key issue of this century.