• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.180-185
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and self care practice for nausea/vomiting in patients with cancer during chemotherapy. Method: The participants were 100 patients with cancer over 20 years of age who visited the outpatient department or were hospitalized for chemotherapy Self care in the case of nausea and vomiting was measured by the Dodd's scale. Data were analyzed using the SAS program and the following statistics were used frequency, percentage, unpaired t test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The ratio of the occurrence of nausea/ vomiting in the participants was 70.0%. The incidence of nausea/ vomiting was significantly higher for women than for men. The incidence of nausea/ vomiting was also higher for patients with cancer not in the gastro-intestinal system (GIS) compared to that for patients with GIS cancer. The incidence of nausea/ vomiting positively correlated with anorexia, skin injury, and fatigue. Conclusion: The ratio of occurrence of nausea/ vomiting for the participants was 70.0%. The incidence of nausea/ vomiting was higher fur women and patients with cancer not in the GIS. The incidence of nausea/ vomiting positively correlated with anorexia, skin injury, and fatigue. The results indicate that nausea/vomiting is a frequent symptom, particularly in women and there is a need to provide interventions to decrease the effects of this symptom.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.125-127
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• 2004

High-resolution satellite images offer abundance information of the earth surface for remote sensing applications. The information includes geometry, texture and attribute characteristic. The pixel-based image classification can't satisfy high-resolution satellite image's classification precision and produce large data redundancy. Object-oriented information extraction not only depends on spectrum character, but also use geometry and structure information. It can provide an accessible and truly revolutionary approach. Using Beijing Spot 5 high-resolution image and object-oriented classification with the eCognition software, we accomplish the cultures' precise classification. The test areas have five culture types including water, vegetation, road, building and bare lands. We use nearest neighbor classification and appraise the overall classification accuracy. The average of five species reaches 0.90. All of maximum is 1. The standard deviation is less than 0.11. The overall accuracy can reach $95.47\%.$ This method offers a new technology for high-resolution satellite images' available applications in remote sensing culture classification.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.69-78
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• 1999

In the 21st century, called as unlimited competition era, the level of transportation service is a key factor to determine the degree of an international competitiveness. In order to get the better transportation service, a various of transportation infrastructures have to be constructed. An efficient transportation operation techniques are to be adopted as well. In this paper, a core factors of real time traffic information acquisition is suggested based on the national basic maps and GPS techniques. In detail, map matching and travel time estimation techniques are developed and applied to Kangnam area for case study.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.597-606
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• 2012

With the availability of multi-scale hydrologic data in public domain depending on DEM size, there is a need for a modeling framework that is capable of using these data to simulate hydrologic processes at multiple scales for different topographic and climate conditions for distributed hydrologic model. To address this need, an object-oriented approach, called Geographic and Hydrologic Information System Modeling Objects (GHISMO), is developed. Main hydrologic approaches in GHISMO are storage-release for direct runoff and SCS curve number method for infiltration part. This paper presents conceptual and structural framework of storage-release concept including its application to two watersheds will be presented.

• Water Engineering Research
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.223-231
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is the development of a system for estimating non-point sources pollutant loads from a watershed, which enables users to get insights of pollutant load distribution in the watershed during rain as well. Based on the Geographic Information System, this non-point source pollutant loading estimation system(NSPLES) consists of three distinct models such as a distributed rainfall-runoff model, a soil loss and delivery model, and a non-point source pollutant model. It also includes GIS modules for preprocessing the input data for the models and graphical postprocessing of the model outputs. The system output aren't only the hydrograph, sedimentograph, and pollutograph at the watershed outlet, but also various maps that show the distribution of soil loss over the watershed. The developed system was applied to the two upper stream areas of Sumjin river basin, Ssangchi and Gwanchon basins, and three rainfall events for respective subbasins during 1992 and 1998 were selected for the system application. The results of this showed relatively higher corelation between observed data and simulated data, and proved the applicability of the system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.534-539
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is the introduction of pollutant loads's estimation into Saemangeum watershed area with M.E.'s guidebook for TMDL and GIS tool. To estimate reliable pollutants loads, it is necessary to think about characteristic of removal, discharge and runoff as time series. In this study, it was calculated for generation loads which be came from pollutant source, discharge loads which be reduced in the treatment facilities and delivery loads which be considered the self purification parameter and delivery distance. To assess the delivery distance handily, it was particularly estimated using Arc-GIS. It was met with good results that delivery loads of BOD, T-N and T-P was reflected to seasonal precipitation. Lastly to verify the estimated pollutant loads, HSPF developed by USEPA was applied to it. It was showed a relativity of observed to simulated data for flow, Temperature, DO, BOD, $NO_3^--N$ TN and TP. Consequantly, this delivery loads can make full use of model input data for prediction of pollutant loads.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1155-1167
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• 2018

We developed a small sensor observation system (SSOS) at a relatively low cost to observe the atmospheric boundary layer. The accuracy of the SSOS sensor was compared with that of the automatic weather system (AWS) and meteorological tower at the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). Comparisons between SSOS sensors and KMA sensors were carried out by dividing into ground and lower atmosphere. As a result of comparing the raw data of the SSOS sensor with the raw data of AWS and the observation tower by applying the root-mean-square-error to the error, the corresponding values were within the error tolerance range (KMA meteorological reference point: humidity ${\pm}5%$, atmospheric pressure ${\pm}0.5hPa$, temperature ${\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$. In the case of humidity, even if the altitude changed, it tends to be underestimated. In the case of temperature, when the altitude rose to 40 m above the ground, the value changed from underestimation to overestimation. However, it can be confirmed that the errors are within the KMA's permissible range after correction.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.07c
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• pp.1814-1816
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• 2004

현장에서 많이 사용되고 있는 GIS에 결함이 발생하면 치명적인 사고로 진전될 수가 있다. 본 논문은 모의 GIS내 도전성 금속이물질 존재 시 발생되는 부분방전 신호를 절연진단 방법중 하나인 UHF법을 이용하여 부분방전 시 방사되는 방사전자파의 스펙트럼을 분석해서 방사전자파의 거리에 따른 감쇄율을 측정하였다. 이러한 연구는 현장 GIS 및 $SF_6$ 가스절연 전력설비에서 금속이물질에 의해 발생되는 방사전자파 측정에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.07c
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• pp.1646-1648
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• 2004

수입외자재에 의존하고 있는 GIS(Gas Insu.lated Switchgear)용 FRP 절연로드의 전기적, 기계적 신뢰성시험에 대하여 언급하고자하며, 본 논문에 기술된 신뢰성시험을 통하여 제품특성을 재확인하였으며 최소 GIS의 수명과 동일함을 확인, 파악함으로써 국산화 개발을 실현하였다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1997

In this paper, we classify existing spatial indexing schemes for spatial objects in geographic database systems into seven classes. Also, we propose a new spatial indexing scheme called MAX(Multi-Attribute indeXing scheme). The search, insert, delete algorithms for the proposed indexmg scheme are described in detail. It is expected that the performance of the proposed indexing scheme is better than the existing indexing schemes under the some conditions. The proposed indexing scheme, MAX, can be easily implemented on existing built-in B-trees in most storage managers in the sense tha.t the structure of MAX is like that of B-tree.