• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.599-610
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• 2005

Purpose: The success of the bonding between electroformed gold and ceramic is dependent on the surface treatment of the pure gold coping. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bonding strength between the electroformed gold and ceramic with varying surface treatment. Materials and methods: A total of 32 disks,8 were using conventional ceramometal alloy, 24 were using electroforming technique as recommended by manufacturer, were prepared. 24 electroformed disks were divided 3 groups according to surface treatment, i.e. 50 microns aluminium oxide sandblasting(GES-Sand), gold bonder treatment(GES-Bond) and $Rocatec^{TM}$ system(GES-Rocatec). For control group of conventional alloy 50 microns aluminium oxide treatment was done(V-Supragold). Energy dispersive x-ray analysis and scanning electron microscope image were observed. Using universal testing machine, shear bond strength and bonding failure mode at metal-porcelain interface were measured. Results and Conclusion: The following conclusions were drawn: 1. In the energy dispersive x-ray analysis, the Au was main component in electroformed gold(99.9wt%). After surface treatment, a little amount of $Al_2O_3(2.4wt%)$ were found in GES-Sand, and $SiO_2(4wt%)$ in GES-Bond. In GES-Rocatec, however, a large amount of $SiO_2(17.4wt%)$ were found. 2. In the scanning electron microscopy, similar pattern of surface irregu larities were observed in V-Supragold and GES-Sand. In GES-Bond, surface irregularities were increased and globular ceramic particles were observed. In GES-Rocatec, a large amount of silica particles attached to metal surface with increased surface irregularities were observed. 3. The mean shear bond strength values(MPa) in order were $22.9{\pm}3.7(V-Supragold),\;22.1{\pm}3.8(GES-Bond),\;20.1{\pm}2.8(GES-Rocatec)\;and\;13.0{\pm}1.4(GES-Sand)$. There was no significant difference between V-Supragold, GES-Bond, and GES-Rocatec. (P>0.05) 4. Most bonding failures modes were adhesive type in GES-Sand. However, in V-Supragold, GES-Bond and GES-Rocatec, cohesive and combination failures were commonly observed. From the result, with proper surface treatment method electroformed gold may have enough strength compare to conventional ceramometal alloy.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1837-1840
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• 2006

Because there are no unified nomenclature systems for either GES-type or IBC-type extended-spectrum ${\beta}-lactamases$ (ESBLs), we propose a unified and definitive nomenclature system for GES/IBC-type ESBLs. This proposed nomenclature update is greatly helpful in two points: (i) it would not confuse microbiologists studying GES-type ESBLs, fundamentally preventing misleading nomenclature of these antibiotic resistance genes, and (ii) the definitive renaming of GES/IBC-type ESBLs can help some researchers to correctly designate new GES-type ESBLs such as novel enzymes identified trom some nationwide surveys.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.52-68
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• 2007

[ $Courr{\grave{e}}ges$ ]Look style has been showing up continuously since 1980s in the fashion world. In response to that, this study aimed to look into the trend of design in 1960s and examine the formative artistic characteristics in $Courr{\grave{e}}ges$ Look in order to explore the $Courr{\grave{e}}ges$ Look of Andre Courregs. Following the flow of the times, the $Courr{\grave{e}}ges$'s design has transformed and developed through the styles of the pants suit look, the space age look, the mini look and the sporty look. His own style constructed by simple line like a mini skirts, accurate rates, geometric patterns, high tech materials, vivid color and etc, in 1960s. He has also innovated the fields of textile, garment cutting, details, and accessories. The $Courr{\grave{e}}ges$ Style was expressed by pure&avant-garde style, sporty&modern style, cheerful&reveal style and dynamic&funny style. Functionality with humor to $Courr{\grave{e}}ges$ was an important element that expresses both youth and casual. For the active, new woman, not only a funtional beauty but also a futuristic sensibility is expressed in the $Courr{\grave{e}}ges$ Style.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2004년도 제23회 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.95-98
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• 2004

본 논문은 기존 폭발볼트의 기능을 그대로 유지하면서 분리시 발생되는 파편 및 충격파의 악작용을 완벽히 제거할 수 있는 GES 볼트의 분리거동에 관한 연구이다. GES 볼트는 압력카트리지의 압력을 이용하여 분리가 이루어지게 개발된 파이로 장치이다. 볼트 설계 시 고려된 설계인자의 최적화는 볼트의 분리거동을 해석함으로써 달성할 수 있었다. 또한 볼트 설계인자의 최적화 방법을 제시함으로써 향후 볼트와 같은 파이로 부품 설계에 기준을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2005

본 논문은 기존 폭발볼트의 기능을 그대로 유지하면서 분리시 발생되는 파편 및 충격파의 악작용을 완벽히 제거할 수 있는 가스팽창분리형 볼트의 분리거동에 관한 연구이다. 가스팽창분리형 볼트는 분리화약을 사용하지 않고 압력카트리지의 압력만 이용하여 분리가 이루어지게 개발된 파이로 장치로써, 분리거동을 수치해석 함으로써 볼트의 설계인자를 최적화할 수 있었다. 수치해석 및 시험결과에서 노치는 쐐기형태를 가지며 내부 홈 깊이가 분리면과 일치하는 모델이 가장 좋은 분리현상이 나타났다. 본 연구에서 제시한 볼트 설계인자의 최적화 방법은 향후 다른 종류의 폭발볼트와 같은 파이로 장치 설계에 기초자료를 제공할 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.261-272
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• 2021

Doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used to the treatment of cancer, however, it could cause damage to gastric mucosa. To investigate the protective effects and related mechanisms of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and vitamin C (VC) on Dox-induced gastric mucosal injury, we presented the survey of the 4 groups of the rats with different conditions. The results showed Dox treatment significantly induced GES-1 apoptosis, but preconditioning in GES-1 cells with VC or CoQ10 significantly inhibited the Dox-induced decrease and other harm effects, including the expression and of IκKβ, IκBα, NF-κB/p65 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in GES-1 cells. Moreover, high-throughput sequencing results showed Dox treatment increased the number of harmful gut microbes, and CoQ10 and VC treatment inhibited this effect. CoQ10 and VC treatment inhibits Dox-induced gastric mucosal injury by inhibiting the activation of the IkKB/IκBα/NF-κB/p65/TNF-α pathway, promoting anti-inflammatory effects of gastric tissue and regulating the composition of the intestinal flora.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.34-47
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• 2011

이 연구의 목적은 영재교육의 참여 주체인 과학영재학생, 학부모, 전문가(교사)의 과학영재교육 정보센터 설치에 대한 관점 및 요구를 조사하는 것이다. 전국대학교 부설 과학영재교육원과 과학 고등학교를 대상으로 과학영재교육에 참여하고 있는 전문가(교사) 113명, 학부모 194명, 재학생 343명이 참여하였다. 대상별로 개발된 설문지를 통해 조사한 결과, 연구대상별로 선호하는 정보 및 방문하는 홈페이지가 다르게 나타났다. 과학영재교육 정보센터의 필요성을 묻는 문항에 대상에 따른 차이 없이 전부 긍정적으로 인식하였다. 연구의 결과, 대상에 따라 정보의 이용실태와 요구가 약간씩 다르게 나타나는 것으로 조사되었다. 이 연구의 결과는 과학영재교육을 위한 정보센터구축에 기초자료를 제공하며, 과학영재교육의 개선을 위해 가치 있는 정보를 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국유전체학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유전체학회 2006년도 The 15th Korean Genome Organization Conference KOGO 2006 Annual Meeting
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• pp.37-37
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• 2006

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2005

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2008