• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국식물병리학회 2002년도 총회 및 추계학술발표회
• /
• pp.114.2-115
• /
• 2002

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.299-302
• /
• 2006

A combinatorial library of artificial transcription factors (ATFs) was introduced into the bacterial cells that expressed the Akt1-GFP fusion protein. By measuring the level of fluorescence generated by the transformed E. coli cells, we were able to obtain clones in which ATFs increased the solubility of the Akt1. Our results show that ATF library is a useful tool for increasing the solubility of selected recombinant proteins in E. coli.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.131-135
• /
• 1998

Using differential display reverse transcription technique, the present study attempted to isolate and characterize genes specifically expressed in cotyledons of Pharbitis nil Choisy cv. Violet during floral induction. A total of 107 bands specific to the inductive condition were initially obtained with 80 primer sets of 20 different arbitrary primers combined with 4 kinds of T12MN. In northern blot analysis with reamplified cDNAs as probes, three cDNAs were detected to be expressed specificcally in the induced cotyledon tissues, and designated PnFL-1, PnFL-2 and PnFL-3 , the size of which were 228 bp, 317 bp and 272 bp, respectively. A search for sequences similar to the decuced amino acid sequences was conducted using GenBank and EMBL database ; seequence encoded by PnFL-1 had 29% identity with the clone of Arabidopsis thaliana similiar to reverse trascriptase (Genbank Acc. N0.3047086), PnFL-2 shared 50% identity with hydroxiyproline-rich glycoprotein of Glycine max(GenBank Acc. No.347455), and PnFL-3 had 46% identity with TAMU 4. Thaliana genomic clone T23E16 (GenBank Acc. No.B67574). None of them was known gene in the plant system up to date, implying that the fragments may comprise parts of genes which are associated with the floral induction in Pharbitis nil.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.135-141
• /
• 2004

A filamentous virus was isolated from taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott) showing mosaic and chlorotic feather-ing symptoms in Chuncheon, Gangwon province in 2002. Based on ELISA, its appearance in electron microscope, serological relationships, and RT-PCR using specific primer and nucleotide sequence analysis of the CP gene, the isolated virus was identified as Dasheen mosaic virus (DsMV) and designated as Korean isolated (DsMV-Kr). DsMV was not serologically related to Zantedeschia mosaic virus (ZaMV), which has been reported to infect an Araceae plants. Since the coat protein revealed electrophoretic heterogeneity, about 42 kDa, 39 kDa and 31 kDa by SDS-PAGE, an improved purification method was established for the production of antisera against DsMV-Kr. The purification method used in this study may be effectively applied to the purification of other filamentous viruses.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.281-300
• /
• 2023

Recently, the call for better accountability and social responsibility from corporations has been regularly voiced, both in the academic literature and in public discussions. This poses a challenge to the existing literature in understanding consumption behaviors to direct them toward sustainable development. This study investigates the purchase intention of Gen Z consumers in Vietnam with green packaging products. Data were collected from 914 respondents by online questionnaire and then analyzed using OLS. The results suggest the significant influence of customers' income and packaging in driving customers' intention to use environmentally-friendly products. Specifically, consumers in a higher income class participate more actively in green purchases. However, problems associated with inadequate packaging are also illustrated, resulting in the poor perception of green messages and poor practice of ecological actions. Besides, subjective norms and green trust are found to be adversely related to green consumer intention. In addition, gender disparity in green behavior is reported, where female consumers show a higher tendency to ecological consumption than their male counterparts. Other demographic factors are also included in the model as control variables, which are age, education, price, environmental literacy, environmental concern, and psychological awareness, but they do not have a significant impact on green purchase intention.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.2527-2532
• /
• 2012

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to explore mechanisms underlying the effects of down-regulating ${\beta}$-catenin expression on esophageal carcinoma (EC) cells. Methods: Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were determined using flow cytometry and annexin V apoptosis assay, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine changes in ultrastructure, while expression of cyclin D1 protein and mRNA was detected by western blot and real-time PCR. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1-2 were evaluated by Western blot analysis. PCNA labeling index (LI) was determined by immunocytochemistry. Results: Compared with pGen-3-con transfected and Eca-109 cells, the percentage of G0/G1-phase pGen-3-CTNNB1 transfected cells was obviously increased (P<0.05), with no significant difference among the three groups with regard to apoptosis (P>0.05). pGen-3-CTNNB1 transfected cells exhibited obvious decrease in cyclin D1 mRNA and protein expression (P<0.05) and the ultrastructure of Eca-109 cells underwent a significant change after being transfected with pGen-3-CTNNB1, suggesting that down-regulating ${\beta}$-catenin expression can promote the differentiation and maturation. The expression of PCNA and the ERKI/2 phosphorylation state were also down-regulated in pGen-3-CTNNB1 transfected cells (P<0.05). At the same time, the PCNA labeling index was decreased accordingly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Inhibition of EC Eca-109 cellproliferation by down-regulating ${\beta}$-catenin expression could improve cell ultrastructure by mediating blockade in G0/G1 through inhibiting cyclin D1, PCNA and the MAPK pathway (p-ERK1/2).

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제42권2호
• /
• pp.191-199
• /
• 2002

이 연구는 AP-PCR 기법을 이용하여 Salmonella 균주의 유전적 다양성과 근연관계를 비교하고자 수행하였다. 18종의 Salmonella 균주에 대해 8종류의 primer를 이용하여 각 균주에 대한 DNA 밴드를 검출한 결과 총 AP-PCR 단편의 수는 39에서 52개의 범위였으며 평균 43.6개가 검출되었다. 총 349개의 표지인자가운데 다형성을 나타내는 단편들은 185개로서 53.0%의 다형성 수준을 보여주었다. 살모넬라균주들은 GEN 703과 GEN 708 primer에서 각각 0.682와 0.676의 높은 다형성 수준을 보여주었으나 GEN 603, GEN 604, 및 GEN 607 primer에서는 각각 0.404, 0.460 및 0.472의 비교적 낮은 수준의 다형성을 나타냄으로써 살모넬라균주간 상동성 비율이 높음을 시사해 주고 있다. 따라서, 이들 primer들은 Salmonella 균주들의 AP-PCR 분석에 대단히 효율적임을 확인할 수 있었다. S typhimirium CU 2001의 다형성 수준은 77%로 S typhimirium CU 2002와 가장 근연관계가 가까운 것으로 나타났으며 다음이 S typhimirium CU 2003으로 63%, S typhimirium ATCC 14028이 50%, 그리고 S typhimirium CU 2004가 43%의 근연관계를 나타내었다. S enteritidis ATCC 13076의 다형성 수준은 83%로 S enteritidis CU 2005와 근연관계가 가장 가깝게 나타내었으며 다음이 S enteritidis CU 2006으로 63%, S enteritidis CU 2007이 58%의 근연관계를 나타내었다. S choleraesuis CU 2009의 다형성 수준은 67%로 S choleraesuis CU 2010과 가장 가까운 근연관계를 나타내었으며 S choleraesuis CU 2008은 53%의 근연관계를 나타내었다. S gallinarum CU 2011과 S gallimarum CU 2012의 다형성 수준은 70%로 근연관계가 가장 가깝게 나타났으며 S gallinarum ATCC 9184는 60%의 근연관계를 나타내었다. 마지막으로 S pullorum CU 2013과 S pullorum CU 2014의 다형성 수준은 80%로 매우 높은 근연관계를 나타낸 반면 S pullorum No 11은 53%로 근연관계가 먼 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, AP-PCR 분석은 Salmonella 균주의 유전적 다양성 및 근연관계를 추정하기 위한 강력한 도구로서 이용할 수 있을 것이다.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.70-72
• /
• 2008

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.142-148
• /
• 2005

Whereas most of isolates of Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) can induce green mosaic systemic symptoms on zucchini squash, foliar symptoms of a pepper isolate of CMV (Pf-CMV)-infected zucchini squash revealed systemic chlorotic spots. To assess this biological property, infectious full-length cDNA clones of Pf-CMV were constructed using long-template RT-PCR. The complete nucleotide sequences of RNA2 and RNA3 of Pf-CMV were determined from the infectious fulllength cDNA clones, respectively. RNA 2 and RNA3 of Pf-CMV contain 3,070 nucleotides and 2,213 nucleotides, respectively. Overall sequence homology of two RNAs revealed high similarity (90%) between CMV strains, and 60% similarity to those of Tomato aspermy virus and Peanut stunt virus strains. By sequence analysis with known representative strains of CMV, Pf- CMV belongs to a typical member of CMV subgroup IA. The virus has high evolutionary relationship with Fny-CMV, but the pathology of Pf-CMV in zucchini squash was quite different from that of Fny-CMV. The pesudorecombinant virus, F1P2P3, induced chlorotic spot leaf symptom and timing of systemic symptom in squash plants, similar to the plants infected by Pf-CMV. No systemic symptoms were observed when Pf-CMVinoculated cotyledons were removed at 5 days postinoculation (dpi) while Fny-CMV showed systemic symptom at 2 dpi. These results suggest that the pepper isolate of CMV possesses unique pathological properties distinguishable to other isolates of CMVs in zucchini squash.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.469-474
• /
• 2009

Q-algorithm is proposed at EPC global Class-1 Generation-2 RFID systems to determine the frame size of next query round. In Q-algorithm, the reader calculates the frame size without estimating the number of tags. But, it uses only the slot conditions: empty, success, or collision. Therefore, it wastes less computational cost and is simpler than other algorithms. However, the constant parameter C value, which is used for calculating the next frame size, is not optimized. In this paper, we propose the optimized C values of Q-algorithm according to the number of tags within the identification range of reader through a lot of computer simulations.