• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.143-156
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• 1998

This paper reports the GEM (Gateway to Educational Materials) project whose goal is to develop an operational framework to provide the K-12 teachers in the world with 'one-stop/any-stop' access to thousands of lesson plans, curriculum units and other Internet-based educational resources. To the IS-element Dublin Core base package, the GEM project added an 8-element, domain-specific GEM package. The GEM project employed the conceptual data modeling approach to designing the GEM database, used the Sybase relational database management system (RDBMS) to construct the backend database for storing the metadata of educational resources, and also employed the active server page (ASP) technology to provide Web interfaces to that database. The consortium members catalog lesson plans and other Internet-based educational resources using a cataloging module program that produces HTML meta tags. A harvest program collects these meta tags across the Internet and outputs an ASCII file that conforms to the standard agreed by the consortium members. A parser program processes this file to enter meta tags automatically into appropriate relational tables in the Sybase database. The conceptual/logical schemas of Dublin Core and GEM profile are presented. The advantages of conceptual modeling approach to manage metadata are discussed. A prototype system that provides access to the GEM metadata is available at http://lis.skku.ac.kr/gem/.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.16-33
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• 1997

Recently, the construction of Digital Library is one of the hottest issues among librarians. This Study focused on how small libraries can produce digital data and construct Web database. In particular, the production and application of digital data, using PDF file, were described in detail.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.197-204
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• 1999

A total of 22 Leptospiua inlermgans field isolates from the ~ a t s captured in 5 provinces of Korea in 1996, and 6 antigenically closely related relerence serovars of lai, yeonchon, birkini. gem, mwogolo. and canicola were analysed. When the antigenic characteristics were analysed by reactivity with 7 monoclonal antibodies prepared with sh.ains belongng to serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae. all 22 isolates showed the same reaction pattern with that of serovar lai. Large restriction fragment patterns obtained after cleavage of geno~nic DNAs with infrequently cuttimg restriction enzymes were analyzed by pulsed-field pel electrophoresis(PFGE). Identification of leptospira strains by PFGE with Nor I, Asc I or Iise I digests correlated with their antigenically typed serovars, silh a few exceptions. PFGE of isolates, except for JR89, digested wjth Nor I showed identical pattern w~th serovar lai, showing 13 Cragments between 940 kb and 63 kb. When PFGE pallerns of JR89 were compared with those of serovar lai, Not I digest showed additional two hands of 1000 kb and 460 kb, while Asc I digest showed 650 kb fragment and Fse I digest did not show the fragment of 280 kb. Whereas serovar yeonchon. which was isolated in Korea and identified as a new serovar previously. could be differentiated from serovar lai in antigenic reactivities with monoclonal antibodres. it showed the similar PFGE pattern with serovar lai includin~ reference and field isolates. It was suggested that Korean leptospiral field isolates are closely related in DNA level.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.788-801
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• 2020

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of diets containing different wet rice distillers' by-product (RDP) levels on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles and gut microbiome of weaned piglets. Methods: A total of 48 weaned castrated male crossbred pigs, initial body weight 7.54±0.97 kg, and age about 4 wks, were used in this experiment. The piglets were randomly allocated into three iso-nitrogenous diet groups that were fed either a control diet, a diet with 15% RDP, or a diet with 30% RDP for a total of 35 days. Chromium oxide was used for apparent digestibility measurements. On d 14 and d 35, half of the piglets were randomly selected for hemato-biochemical and gut microbiota evaluations. Results: Increasing inclusion levels of RDP tended to linearly increase (p≤0.07) average daily gain on d 14 and d 35, and decreased (p = 0.08) feed conversion ratio on d 35. Empty stomach weight increased (p = 0.03) on d 35 while digestibility of diet components decreased. Serum globulin concentration decreased on d 14 (p = 0.003) and red blood cell count tended to decrease (p = 0.06) on d 35, parallel to increase RDP levels. Gene amplicon profiling of 16S rRNA revealed that the colonic microbiota composition of weaned pigs changed by inclusion of RDP over the period. On d 14, decreased proportions of Lachnospiraceae_ge, Ruminococcaceae_ge, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, and Bacteroidales_ge, and increased proportions of Prevotellaceae_ge, Prevotella_2, and Prevotella_9 were found with inclusion of RDP, whereas opposite effect was found on d 35. Additionally, the proportion of Lachnospiraceae_ge, Ruminococcaceae_ge, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, and Bacteroidales_ge in RDP diets decreased over periods in control diet but increased largely in diet with 30% RDP. Conclusion: These results indicate that RDP in a favorable way modulate gastrointestinal microbiota composition and improve piglet performance despite a negative impact on digestibility of lipids and gross energy.