• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.8
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• pp.3-56
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• 2003

The purpose of the present study lies in understanding the historical context as well as regulatory and administrative restraints of records and archival management system of Korea, with the case of Korean Government Archives and Records Service(GARS). Insights gained from the historical analysis of GARS are expected to provide strategies to develop and reinvent GARS so that the national agency could be the basis of reforming Korean archival system in the future. The present study firstly reviews historical context of 1960s and 1970s, during which GARS was established, as well as its role and hierarchical standing in Korean administrative system. Second, its organizational system is analyzed, focusing on the extent of its specialization and organizational independence. Third, the study proposes to develop strategies to reinvent GARS through reinforcing the public records and archives management act(1999).

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.151-165
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• 1997

The primary purpose of this study was to assess the relation of stress perception and poststroke. This study was done on 50 stroke patients in hospital. According to activities of functional impairment, they were classified into walking disturbance, motor weakness, dysphagia, or reattack etc. The stress perception test(GARS Scles) and stress response assessment shows the follwing results. 1. On the distribution in the stroke 50 patients, For the majority group were male in sex, sixty inage, middle towns people in residence. 2. On the comprehensive GARS scale scores, It marked the higest scores thirty at age, merchandise or salesman on jobs, a city in residence. There was no signigicant difference in mean GARS Scales scores between males and females group, the left hemiplegia and the Rt hemiplegia. 3. On the comprehensive GARS Scale tests, Overall glogal stressor(G8) and sickness stresor(G4) marked the highest scores of all GARS Scales. 4. On the comparative assessment of each group's stress reponse test scores, zung-bu(中腑) was showed higher scores than the other group in oriental diagnosis and hemorrage was showed higher scores than the other group in western medical diagnosis. 5. On the comprehensive assessment of each group's stress reponse test scores, aphsia(不語) marked the highest scores in another disphagia group's. It marked the highest scores in another group's that banshinbulsoo(半身不遂) as regards as hemiplegia generally. Standing disability is the higher scores than another group's walking alone or assist, and standing alone. 6. Secondary attack is the highest scores of all reattack stroke on the stress repones test. 7. Comparing and analyzing the GARS Scale total scores and GARS Scale subject fator at stroke, we found that sickness stressor and fininial stressor is showed the highest correlated to stress response fowlloing stroke. With those results, we can see that functional impairment following stroke is correlated to stress perception and reponse. In the furture studies using, we hope that the findings the study would have clinical relevance to the psychosocial adjustment and total rehabilation of stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.142-149
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• 2006

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between stress type and Ryodoraku score (RS) in patients with functional dyspepsia. Methods : 92 (30 male, 62 female) patients with functional dyspepsia were included in this study. Degree of stress was evaluated by GARS and BEPSI scale which can assess acute and chronic stress, respectively. RS of the patients was measured, and mean, sum of gaps and standard deviation (SD) in their RS were taken. First, patients were divided into two groups by sex, and by mean RS $40{\mu}A$ (above and below). GARS and BEPSI scale of each group was compared. Second, correlation between stress scales (GARS and BEPSI) and variation indexes of RS (sum of gaps and SD) was examined. Result : 1. The mean RS is higher in male patients than in female ones. 2. No significant difference was noted in GARS and BEPSI scale associated with above end below the mean $40{\mu}A$ RS. 3. The sum of gaps and SD of RS has significant correlation with GARS scale but not with BEPSI scale. Conclusions : These results suggest that the sum of gaps and SD of RS are associated with acute stress in patients with functional dyspepsia. Thus, it is thought that RS can be useful in assessing acute stress in patients with functional dyspepsia.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-37
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• 1996

This thesis investigates 220 female students ranging from 19 to 26 years old attending universities in the Wonju area to determine the correlations between mental health and the density of serum iron . According to their serum iron levels, they were divided into three groups and analyzed with the GARS Scale Assessment and the THI Test Assessment. The results are as follows;1. On the comprehensive GARS Scale tests, for all groups, task, occupation and levels of university-related frustration(1) marked the highest scores.2. On the comparative assessment of each group's GARS Scale scores, Group A showed higher stress perception in terms of personal relationship(2,3) than any orther groups. 3. On the comprehensive THI test scores coverring all groups, Multiple subjective symptoms(I) marked the highest scores. 4. On the comparative assessment of each group's THI test scores, Group A showed higher Multiple subjective symptoms(I) and Irregularities of life(G) than any orther groups.5. Comparing and analyzing the GARS Scale Assessment and the THI Test, we found that Group A showed high stress perception, which may cause psychosomatic diseases such as 'yu zheng(鬱證;melancholia). With those results, we can see that the contant of serum iron is correlated to stress perception and the condition of mental health. In the future studies using the GARS Scale and the THI Test, it will be necessary to examine more subject groups in terms of multi-aspects and to investigate the standard group in more detail.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.123-126
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• 2003

이질적인 계산자원들로 구성된 환경에서 독립적인 작업들을 스케줄링하기 위한 최적의 방법을 찾는 것은 NP-Complete 문제로 알려져 있다[3]. 현재까지 이 문제를 풀기 위한 다양한 휴리스틱 스케줄링 방법이 연구되어 왔다[l][4][5][6]. 본 논문에서는 그리드 컴퓨팅 환경을 위한 태스크 매핑 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안한 알고리즘은 태스크의 완료시간을 계산시간과 통신시간으로 분리하여 노드의 성능과 네트워크의 상태를 감안하여 태스크를 할당하는 네트워크 적응적 매핑 알고리즘이다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.153-175
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• 2001

This research is aimed at proposing the policies for enhancing information services at the GARS. To this end, a survey was carried out over the user group, the staff group, and the external expert group. And then the 3-Partner Approach Model was proposed that accommodates the archivist-centered partnership with users and external experts. Based on this model. the three-aspect policies to upgrade information services were proposed.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.685-696
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was performed to examine the frequency of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS), perceived stress, and mental health among community-dwelling women. Methods: This study conducted a survey to collect data on 869 women in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The measurements included the Rome III criteria(to diagnose IBS), the Global Assessment Recent Stress(GARS scale to evaluate perceived stress), and symptom check list 90R(SCL-90R to evaluate psychological distress). Data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 program by frequency, $x^2$-tests, t-test, and analysis of variance(ANOVA). Results: The frequency of IBS in women was 15.1%. Eighty-six women(65.6%) had mixed constipation and diarrhea subtype of IBS. Compared to the women without IBS, those with IBS reported significantly higher scores on GARS, all subscales of GARS, SCL-90R, all subscales of SCL-90R, and the global severity index(GSI). No significant differences were observed among stress, mental health, and the IBS subtypes. Conclusion: Nursing interventions targeting women with IBS should be developed in order to reduce the associated stress and psychological distress.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.175-185
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• 2010

Objectives : The objective of this study was to observe the relationships between neck pain and psychological factors such as stress, anger, anxiety and depression. Methods: Under mental stress. the 31 patients with neck stiffness and 32 control subjects with no neck stiffness were measured by using NDI, BEPSI, GARS, STAXI, STAI, and BDI scales. The psychological scales between the patients and the controls were taken to observe the average results by comparing between the two groups. Also NDI and psychological scales of correlation analysis was performed. Results: 1. The mean scores of NDI, BEPSI, GARS, State-Anger, Trait-Anger, Anger-out, Anger-In, Sate-Anxiety, TraitAnxiety, and BDI under patients group were significantly higher than those in control group. 2. The value of NDI comparing to the values of BEPSI, GARS, State-Anger, Trait-Anger, Anger-out, Anger-In, Sate-Anxiety, Trait-Anxiety, and BDI in this study resulted in high correlation among each others which showed statistically significant. Conclusions : It has the possibility that the neck pain with stress. anxiety. anger and depression might be related highly in correlation. especially in stress and anxiety which showed the most high correlation.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.201-211
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• 2000

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliablity of the Korean version of the Global Assessment of Recent Stress(GARS) Scale developed for assessing the severity of current perceived stressors, and then to use the scale in clinical practice. Methods : The questionnaire was completed by 215 healthy subjects. A comparison was made regarding the perception of stressors among 242 patients(71 with anxiety disorder, 73 with depressive disorder, 47 with somatoform disorder, and 51 with psychosomatic disorder) and 215 healthy subjects. Factor analysis was done using oblique rotation after maximum-likelihood factor analysis. Results : Factor analysis yielded 1 subscale. Reliability was computed by administering the GARS Scale to 69 healthy subjects during a 2-week interval. Test-retest reliability for 8 items and the total score was significantly high, ranging between 0.85-.95. Internal consistency was significant(Cronbach's a for 7 items : .86). Convergent validity was computed by correlating the 8 items and the total score with the total score of the stress response inventory(SRI), the perceived stress questionnaire(PSQ), and the somatization, anxiety, depression, hostility subscales and general indices of the symptom checklist-90-revised(SCL-90-R). The correlations were all at significant levels. Discriminant validity was computed by comparing the 8 item scores of the patient and control groups. Significant differences were found in area relevant to sickness or illness and the overill global area. The patients with anxiety disorder were significantly higher in area relevant to sickness or illness than the healthy group, whereas the patients with depressive disorder was significantly higher in the overall global score than healthy group. The depressive disorder group was the highest in overall global score of the GARS scale among 4 patient groups, and showed a significant higher scores in interpersonal relationship and overall global area than the psychosomatic disorder group. Conclusions : These results indicate that the Korean version of the GARS scale is highly reliable and valid, and that it can be utilized as an effective measure of perceived stressors for research in stress-related fields. It is suggested that depressive disorder patients are more likely to perceive recent stressors than psychosomatic disorder patients.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.231-242
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• 2022

The neuromuscular junction (NMJ), which is a synapse for signal transmission from motor neurons to muscle cells, has emerged as an important region because of its association with several peripheral neuropathies. In particular, mutations in GARS that affect the formation of NMJ result in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and distal hereditary motor neuropathy. These disorders are mainly considered to be caused by neuronal axon abnormalities; however, no treatment is currently available. Therefore, in order to determine whether the NMJ could be targeted to treat neurodegenerative disorders, we investigated the NMJ recovery effect of HDAC6 inhibitors, which have been used in the treatment of several peripheral neuropathies. In the present study, we demonstrated that HDAC6 inhibition was sufficient to enhance movement by restoring NMJ impairments observed in a zebrafish disease model. We found that CKD-504, a novel HDAC6 inhibitor, was effective in repairing NMJ defects, suggesting that treatment of neurodegenerative diseases via NMJ targeting is possible.