• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.279-285
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• 1994

The objective of the present study was to characterize the cell cycles of granulosa cell populations during follicular maturation in cattle by using flow cytometer. Granulosa cells were isolated from bovine preovulatory antral follicles of F1(>10mm), F2(5~20mm), F3(3~4mm) and F4(1~2mm) diameter and fixed and stained with fluorochromes that selectively bine to DNA. Flow cytometer equipped with a laser excitation system was used to analyze the intensity of fluorescence from stained cells. Forward angle light-scatter(FSC) and 90$^{\circ}$light-scatter(SSC) signals were adopted to measure the size and the granularity of granulosa cells. As a results of FSC/SSC analysis, granulosa cell populations(G1 phase of cell cycle) from each follicle were relatively regular in size and granularity, regardless of follicular size. However, their distribution in granularity was greater than that in size. Most of granulosa cell populations collected from each follicle were distributed in G0/G1, S and G2/M phases. As the follicles approached to ovulation the percentage of cells in the proliferative phases of cell cycle (S and G2/M) decreased significantly, but there was a concomitant increase in the percentage of granulosa cells in G1 phase. Therefore, these data indicate the proportion of main populations to cell cycle of granulosa cells may be changed from proliferative phase to G1 phase during follicular maturation in cattle.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.1290-1298
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• 2001

A total of 371 weaned pigs were used in three experiments to evaluate the effects of spray dried plasma (SDP), soybean protein sources, and lactose on growth performance. In Exp. 1, 128 pigs (5.99 kg, $18{\pm}2d$) were used to evaluate the effect of SDP (0 vs 7%), lactose (0 vs 30%), and two soybean protein sources [soybean meal (SBM) and extruded soybean protein concentrate (ESPC)] in phase I (d 0 to 14) diets on pig performance in a $2{\times}2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement. Spray-dried plasma increased phase I ADG (p<0.01) and ADFI (p<0.05) in the SBM diets, but not in the ESPC diets. Lactose improved ADG and gain/feed ratio (G/F) in phase I (p<0.01). In Exp. 2, 144 pigs (5.50 kg, $17{\pm}3d$) were used to evaluate the effect of SDP (0 vs. 3.5%) and three soybean protein sources [SBM, ESPC, and soybean protein concentrate (SPC)] in phase I diets, and the effects of two different phase II (d 14 to 28) diets (simple vs complex) in a $2{\times}3{\times}2$ factorial arrangement of treatments. In phase I, SDP increased ADG (p<0.01) and improved G/F (p<0.05). Pigs fed SBM had the highest ADG and ADFI, with a G/F similar to the pigs fed ESPC. In phase II, pigs fed the complex diet had improved ADG (p<0.01), ADFI (p<0.05), and G/F (p<0.05) compared to the simple diet. In Exp. 3, 99 weaned pigs (5.77 kg, $17{\pm}3$d) were used to evaluate the effect of SBM, ESPC, and ESPC with SDP in the phase I diets. Pigs fed SBM with no blood product in the diet had the lowest ADG (p<0.01), ADFI (p<0.01), and G/F (p<0.05) in the first week of phase I. There were no differences in soybean protein sources fed in phase I diets on overall pig performance. These experiments are indicated that SDP and lactose improve the phase I performance. Soybean meal can be used as the major protein source in phase I diets with SDP.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2008

본 연구는 청주시 인근의 미호천에서의 프탈레이트의 정성적 특성에 관한 것이다. 프탈레이트 중 DEHP와 DnBP가 가장 많이 사용되어 지고 있다. 미호천 상류와 하류에서 하천수에 함유된 DEHP의 농도는 각각 $12-18{\mu}g/{\ell}$, $11-21{\mu}g/{\ell}$이었다. 또한 이 지역의 퇴적물에서도 DEHP의 농도는 $0.07-0.82{\mu}g/g$(dry), $0.06-0.92{\mu}g/g$(dry), DnBP의 농도는 $0.04-0.25{\mu}g/g$(dry), $0.08-0.34{\mu}g/g$(dry)로 각각 조사 되었다. 공단지역으로부터 유입되는 작은 하천의 하천수에 함유된 DEHP와 DnBP의 농도는 각각 $13-28{\mu}g/{\ell}$, $2-8{\mu}g/{\ell}$이었으며, 퇴적물에서의 농도는 각각 $0.12-0.7{\mu}g/g$(dry), $0.17-2.16{\mu}g/g$(dry)이었다. 미호천과 미호천에 유입되고 있는 하수처리 방류수와 공단천의 프탈레이트 농도는 세계의 다른 지역보다 낮은 수치를 보이고 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2015

The aim of the present study was to assess whether exposure to the combination of an extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF; 60 Hz, 1 mT or 2 mT) with a stress factor, such as ionizing radiation (IR) or $H_2O_2$, results in genomic instability in non-tumorigenic human lung epithelial L132 cells. To this end, the percentages of G2/M-arrested cells and aneuploid cells were examined. Exposure to 0.5 Gy IR or 0.05 mM $H_2O_2$ for 9 h resulted in the highest levels of aneuploidy; however, no cells were observed in the subG1 phase, which indicated the absence of apoptotic cell death. Exposure to an ELF-MF alone (1 mT or 2 mT) did not affect the percentages of G2/M-arrested cells, aneuploid cells, or the populations of cells in the subG1 phase. Moreover, when cells were exposed to a 1 mT or 2 mT ELF-MF in combination with IR (0.5 Gy) or $H_2O_2$ (0.05 mM), the ELF-MF did not further increase the percentages of G2/M-arrested cells or aneuploid cells. These results suggest that ELF-MFs alone do not induce either G2/M arrest or aneuploidy, even when administered in combination with different stressors.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.121-129
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• 1997

아크 용해법으로 제작한 $ZrV_{0.1}Mn_{0.7}Ni_{1.2}$ 합금(bulk 합금) 잉고트는 $ZrV_{0.2}Mn_{0.98}Ni_{1.04}$의 조성식을 가지는 fcc 구조의 C15형 Laves상이 주류를 이루는 matrix와 $ZrV_{0.01}Mn_{0.13}Ni_{1.2}$의 조성으로 $Z_9Ni_{11}$의 금속간 화합물 구조를 가지는 2nd phase가 균일하게 분포된 2개의 상으로 구성되어 있었다. $ZrV_{0.1}Mn_{0.7}Ni_{1.2}$ 합금의 방전 특성에 이 두 가지 상들이 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해서 matrix와 2'nd phase합금을 분리 제작하였고, 이들 전극에 대한 전기 화학적인 충방천 특성들을 조사하였다. 그 결과 방전용량은 2nd phase가 가장 낮은 $160mAh/g$, 그 다음으로 matrix가 200mAh/g으로 bulk의 250mAh/g보다 낮았다. Matrix조성의 합금은 bulk합금과 거의 유사한 활성화, 고율 방전율, 자기방전 특성을 가졌고, 또한 활성화 후에 충방전에 따른 용량감소의 경향이 현저히 관찰되었다. 그러나 2nd phase 조성의 합금은 이들과는 확연한 차이를 보였다. 즉 활성화되기 어렵지만 활성화된 후에 용량감소의 경향은 거의 없었고 또한 자기방전 특성도 우수하였다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.487-493
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• 2003

More reliable design of thermal transport. Power acquisition and thermal management systems requires the through understanding of the flow hydrodynamic. the differences and similarities between the two-phase flow characteristics of two-Phase flow influenced by the gravity levels. The data of flow Patterns, void fraction, frictional pressure drop associated with their characteristics were obtained at $\mu\textrm{g}$. 1g and 2g. Flow patterns and void fraction data obtained at three gravity levels were compared with each other and previous models and correlations.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2000

국내에서 서식하고 있는 곤충병원성 선충 Stemernema Carpocapsae로 부터 분리$\cdot$동정된 Xenorhabdus nematophilus를 대상으로 최적배지조성과 배양조건, 상변화 특성 및 곤충 독성물질 역기를 조사하였다. 균주의 최적배치 조성은 50-70g/L yeast extract, 3 g/L $K_{2}HPO_{4}$, 1g/L $NH_{4}H_{2}PO_{4}$, 2g/L ${MgSO}_4$$\cdot$${7H}_{2}O$,10g/L NaCl 이였으며, yeast extract의 농도가 균주성장 제한인자로 작용하였다. Yeast extract 농도에 대한 비성장속도의 의존도를 Monod equation을 가정하여 비교해 본 결과, 최대 비성장속도는 0.13 $ht^{-1}$이고 Monod 상수값은 20 g/L였다. 배양 배치의 pH는 초기 6-7에 관계없이 성장이 진행됨에 따라서 약 8.5-9.5까지 증가하였으며, 7L fermentor배양에서는 균주의 비성장속도가 약 0.18 $ht^{-1}$로 flask배양보다 1.4배 더 증가하였다. 상변화의 경우 정지기에서도 fermentor배양과 flask배양 모두 약 90% 이상 phase I이 유지되었다. 한편 꿀벌부채명 나방에 대한 구강독성을 시험해 본 결과, X. nematophilus 균주를 유충사료에 첨가하면 꿀벌부채명나방 유충의 정상적인 성장을 저해하였으며, 20여일 경과 후 완전히 유충을 사멸시키는 것을 확인하였다. 배양 상등액을 유충에 직접 주사하였을 때 배양 24 시간인 지수성장기 초기에 가장 독성이 강하였으며, 배양시간이 경과함에 따라 독성이 점차 감소하였다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.78-82
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• 2003

Nitrided compound layer and diffusion layer structure were observed by SEM. The compound layer and the constituent of nitrided surface of STS 304, STS 316, STS 410 and SACM 645 steel were analysed using EMPA and XRD respectively. The depth of nitriding layer that is obtained from similar nitriding condition decrease in the order of SACM 645 > STS 410 > STS 316 > STS 304. Result of phase transformation of the nitrided at $550^{\circ}C$ by XRD analysis were as follows; The austenitic stainless steel was mainly consist of $Cr_2N$ accompanying with $Fe_4N$ and $Fe_{2-3}N$ phase and martensitic stainless steel was mainly consist of present $Fe_{2-3}N+Cr_2N$ phase, but SACM 645 steel was $Fe_{2-3}N$ phase present only.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.2311-2316
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• 2014

Conformations and vibrational frequencies of the racemic (2RS,3RS)-5-amino-3-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ol-(I) [(2RS,3RS)-(I)], a precursor of benzovesamicol analogues, have been carried out using various DFT methods (M06-2X, B3LYP, B3PW91, PBEPBE, LSDA, and B3P86) with basis sets of 6-31G(d), 6-31+G(d,p), 6-311+G(d,p), 6-311++G(d,p), cc-pVTZ, and TZVP. The LSDA/6-31G(d) level of theory shows the best performance in reproducing the X-ray powder structure. However, the PBEPBE/cc-pVTZ level of theory is the best method to predict the vibrational frequencies of (2RS,3RS)-(I). The potential energy surfaces of racemic pairs (2RS,3RS)-(I) and -(II) are obtained at the LSDA/6-31G(d) level of theory in the gas phase and in water. The results indicate that (2RS,3RS)-(I) are more stable by ~0.75 kcal/mol in energy than (2RS,3RS)-(II) in water, whereas conformer AIIg and BIIg are more stable by ~0.04 kcal/mol than AIg in gas phase. In particular, the hydrogen bond distances between the N of piperazine and the OH of tetrahydronaphthalen become longer in gas, compared with those in the water phase. Vibrational frequencies calculated at the PBEPBE/cc-pVTZ level of theory in the gas phase are larger than those in water, whereas their intensities in the gas phase are weaker than those in water.

• 분석과학
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.224-231
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• 2005

잔류농약 분석에 전통적으로 사용되는 액체-액체 추출법과 액체-고체 추출법의 여러 가지 단점을 극복하고 기존의 낮은 정밀도와 저조한 추출효과를 보완하기위해 자동화된 장치를 이용한 액체상 극미량 추출법(Liquid Phase Microextraction : LPME)을 사용하였으며 이에 대한 최적화 조건을 설정하였다. 대상농약은 demeton-S-methyl, diazinon, parathion, fenitrothion, EPN등 5종이었으며 채소 시료 중에서 추출하여 HP 6890 GC/NPD를 사용하여 분석하였다. 자동화된 LPME를 이용한 최적의 추출조건은 pH 3, 염의 농도 $100{\mu}g/mL$이었으며 검량선을 작성하였을 때 $0.2{\sim}10{\mu}g/g$ 범위에서 $R^2=0.9921$ 이상 직선상의 상관관계를 나타내었고 $5{\mu}g/g$ 농도에서 demeton-S-methyl은 7.7%, diazinon은 9.8%, parathion은 7.8%, fenitrothion는 9.7%, EPN은 8.2%의 상대표준편차를 나타내었고 정확도는 demeton-S-methyl는 12.7%, diazinon는 7.8%, parathion는 10.4%, fenitrothion는 -6.7%, EPN은 -0.7%로 좋은 값을 나타내었다.