• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.1282-1289
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• 2001

One feeding trial and two metabolic trials were conducted to investigate the effects of lysine to protein ratio in practical swine diets on growth performance and efficiency of nitrogen retention and utilization in different growing phases. In Trial one (the feeding trial), 90 mixed sex pigs weighing $9.1{\pm}1.4kg$ (Duroc ${\times}$ Landrance ${\times}$ Beijing Black) were used to study the effects of concentrations of 5.2, 5.3, 5.8, 6.4 and 7.2 g lysine/100 g CP in diets containing 1.2% lysine on growth performance and serum urea nitrogen. The results showed that feed conversion efficiency and economic efficiency were best for pigs fed the diet containing the lysine concentration of 5.8 g /100 g crude protein. Serum urea nitrogen concentration decreased linearly (p=0.0009) and serum free lysine content increased linearly (p=0.0017) as the lysine to protein ratio in diets increased from 5.2 to 7.2 g/100 g. In Trials two and three (the metabolic trials), five growing barrows (Duroc ${\times}$ Landrance ${\times}$ Beijing black), with initial body weights of approximately $26{\pm}2.4kg$ and $56.3{\pm}3.5kg$, respectively, were allotted to five dietary treatments according to a $5{\times}5$ Latin square design. Trial two contained 5.2, 5.7, 6.1, 6.7 and 6.8 g lysine/100 g CP treatments. Trial three contained 4.6, 5.0, 5.6, 6.1 and 6.6 g lysine/100 g CP treatments. The results showed that nitrogen retention in growing pigs decreased linearly (p=0.0011 in Trial two; p=0.0099 in Trial three) as the lysine to protein ratio in diets increased. The ratio of lysine to protein in diets resulting in maximum nitrogen retention was 5.2 g/100 g and 5.0 g/100 g in Trial two and Trial three, respectively. In Trial two, apparent biological value and gross nitrogen efficiency increased linearly (p=0.0135 and p=0.0192, respectively) as the lysine to protein ratio increased from 5.2 to 6.8 g lysine/100 g CP. In summary, we concluded that the optimal Lysine to Protein Ratios for 8-20 kg and 20-80 kg pigs were 5.8 g/100 g and 5.0 to 5.2 g/100 g, respectively.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.316-320
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• 2001

Sonication tremendously improves the efficiency of Agrobacterium infection by introducing small and uniform fissures and channels throughout the targeted tissue. Using shoot tips of cotton as explants, the effect of sonication treatment and virulence genes in Agrobacterium tumefaciens on transformation efficiency was investigated. The pat gene which encodes resistance to the herbicide, glufosinate, was used as a selectable marker. Transformation efficiency was evaluated on th basis of survival rates of cocultivated shoot tips on selection medium containing 2.5 mg/l gulfosinate-ammonium(ppt) adn 25. mg/l Clavamax. Sonication from 5 to 15 second has a positive effect on shoop tip survival. However, whil virE as well as virG or vir GN54D showed an enhancement in transformation efficiency, virE,. virG resulted in the most significant enhancement. Overall, the combination of additional virG/virE gene and sonication treatment resulted in the most significant increase in transformation efficiency.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2009

목적: 시감도가 최적화된 투과필터의 칼라위치를 추정한다. 방법: 시감도 최적화를 위한 칼라를 Y(Yellow), G(green)과 P(Red)를 이용하여 CR-39에 담그기 법으로 $Y_{1-x}G_{x}$, $Y_{1-x}P_{x}$를 제작하였다. 투과광에서 최종 비시감도의 추정방법 모델은 파장에 따른 눈의 시감도와 렌즈의 투과율 세기의 곱($P_f$ ($P_f({\lambda}=T({\lambda}){\cdot}P({\lambda}).)$.)으로 나타낸다. 400~700 nm 영역에서 투과광의 평가는 비시감도 곡선의 면적, Peak, 폭, 최고높이 값으로 평가한다. 결과: $Y_{1-x}G_{x}$에서 x=0.04, x=0.08, x=0.10, x=0.12, x=0.14, x=0.5에서 ${\beta}=S_1/S_0{\cdot}100$ 값은 각각 76.1, 77.9, 80.7, 81.6, 80.2, 18.6을 갖는다. $Y_{1-x}P_{x}$에서 x=1.00, x=0.2, x=0.6, x=0.8에서 ${\beta}=S_1/S_0{\cdot}100$ 값은 각각 74.3, 74.0, 70.5, 33.0을 갖는다. 투과광의 면적과 최고높이를 평가한 결과는 $Y_{1-x}P_{x}$보다 $Y_{1-x}G_{x}$가 더 큰 값을 갖게 되어 비시감도 최적화에 접근하였다. 결론: 비시감도 최적화는 $Y_{1-x}G_{x}$에서 X=0.12~0.14의 값을 갖는다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.221-225
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• 2001

사과 갈라 품종의 고효율 형질전환 기술체계를 확립하기 위하여 Agobacterium을 이용한 형질전환에 관여하는 상처유도 방법, 배지 고형물, 엽절편체 기원, acetosyringone의 농도와 MES첨가 등 몇 가지 요인이 재분화 및 형질전환에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. 엽절편체의 상처유도는 수술용 핀셋 (non-traumatic forcep)의 사용보다는 단순한 절단 후 균접종과 3일 공동배양을 할 경우 재분화와 형질전환율이 더 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. Agar (A)와 Gelrit $e^{ }$(G)의 조성에 따른 배지 고형물의 처리에서는 Gelrite의 농도가 높을수록 재분화율이 증가하였으나, 형질전환율에 있어서는 2.5 G, 3.5 A+l.2 G 및 7.0 A의 처리 간에 차이가 없었다. 엽신장배지 또는 증식배지 유래가 재분화 및 형질전환율에 유의한 차이를 보이지는 않았으나, 증식배지 유래가 형질전환율을 더 높이는 경향을 나타냈다. Acetosyringone은 0.1 mM 이상의 농도가 첨가할 경우 높은 재분화 및 형질전환을 나타냈고, 0.15 mM의 농도에서 가장 높은 형질전환율을 나타냈다. MES의 재분화와 형질전환에 미치는 영향은 나타나지 않았다.다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.84-87
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• 2006

Batch binding experiments were performed to assess the recovery performance of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH) bound to the unshielded and polymer (polyvinyl pyrrolidone. PVP)-shielded dye-ligand (Cibacron Blue 3GA) adsorbent. The adoption of a polymer-shielded, dye-ligand technique facilitated the elution efficiency of bound G3PDH. It was demonstrated that the recovery of G3PDH using polymer-shielded dye-ligand adsorption yielded higher elution efficiency, at 60.5% and a specific activity of 42.3 IU/mg, after a low ionic strength elution (0.15 M NaCl). The unshielded dye-ligand yielded lower elution efficiency. at 6.5% and a specific activity of 10.2 IU/mg.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2003

본 논문은 다양한 분산값을 갖는 G.652. G.653, G.655(I),(II),(III) 광섬유에 대해 채널간격에 따른 FWM 효율을 측정하고 그 결과를 해석적으로 얻은 값과 비교 분석하였다. 또한 pump-probe 실험 구성을 사용하여 각 광섬유에 있어서 XPM 효율을 측정함으로써 색분산과 채널 간격이 XPM에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2014

This study was carried out to evaluate the relationship between threonine (Thr) efficiency and Thr dehydrogenase (TDG) activity as an indicator of Thr oxidation on chicks fed with levels of diets (CP [17.5% and 21.5%] and Thr [3.8 and 4.7 g/100 g CP]; glycine [Gly][0.64% and 0.98%] and true digestible Thr [dThr] [0.45% and 0.60%]). Calculation of the Thr efficiency was based on N-balance data and an exponential N-utilization model, and TDG activity was determined as accumulation of aminoacetone and Gly during incubation of hepatic mitochondria. This study found that in the liver of chicks who received a diet containing up to 0.79% Thr (4.7 g Thr/100 g of CP) in the 17.5% CP diet, no significant (p>0.05) effect on TDG activity was observed. However, significantly (p = 0.014) increased TDG activity was observed with a diet containing 21.5% CP (4.7 g Thr/100 g of CP) and the efficiency of Thr utilization showed a significant (p = 0.001) decrease, indicating the end of the Thr limiting range. No significant (p>0.05) effect on the total TDG activity and accumulation of Gly was observed with addition of Gly to a diet containing 0.45% dThr. In addition, addition of Gly to a diet containing 0.60% dThr also did not result in a change in accumulation of Gly. Due to an increase in accumulation of aminoacetone, an elevated effect on total TDG activity was also observed. No significant (p>0.05) reduction in the efficiency of Thr utilization was observed after addition of Gly at the level of 0.45% dThr. However, significantly (p<0.001) reduced efficiency of Thr utilization was observed after addition of Gly at the level of 0.60% dThr. Collectively, we found that TDG was stimulated not only by addition of Thr and protein to the diet, but also by addition of Gly, and efficiency of Thr utilization was favorably affected by addition of Gly at the level near to the optimal Thr concentration. In addition, no metabolic requirement of Gly through the TDG pathway was observed with almost the same accumulation of Gly and a slight increase in TDG activity by addition of Gly. Thus, our findings suggest that determination of TDG activity and parameter of efficiency of Thr utilization may be useful for evaluation of dietary Thr level.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2016년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.323-324
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• 2016

In this paper a high efficiency bidirectional resonant converterfor Vehicle-to-Grid applications (V2G) is proposed.The proposed converter has adopted an LC auxiliary circuit in the third winding of the transformer. With the proposed method full softswitching can be ensured in all switches over a wide range of loadsand the secondary ringing can be removed with no additional snubber or clamp circuitry.In addition, since the proposed resonant converter is able to operate at an almost constant resonant frequencyregardless of the load, CC/CV charge of the battery can be simply implemented with high efficiency. A 3.3 kW bidirectional converter for On-Board Charger of Electric Vehicle is implemented to verify the validity of the proposed method. The experimental results show the high efficiency characteristics of the proposed converter over the wide range of load in both charge and discharge mode. The maximum efficiency of the proposed system was 98.13 % at 2.3 kW during the constant voltage mode charge operation.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2004

Removal of nutrients from domestic sewage or industrial wastewater is needed to protect surface waters from eutrophication. This research was carried out to remove the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from the wastewater using the iron oxide obtained from the steel industry and the natural zeolite, respectively. This research was conducted in both batch and continuous systems. The removal efficiency of the nutrients was evaluated in the batch system using the varying concentrations of zeolite and iron oxide added. The removal efficiency of N was 60% at the 8g of zeolite added. In the same condition, the removal efficiencies of N were 76% and 82% at 12g and 16g of zeolite added, respectively. Removal efficiency of P was 80% as 8g of iron oxide was added. The removal efficiency of P was correspondingly increased as the concentration of iron oxide was increased. Continuous column system was also used to evaluate the removal efficiency of N and P by the addition of zeolite and ferric oxide, respectively. Removal efficiencies of N were compared in the mixed packing, two stage, and four stage columns, respectively. The removal efficiencies (80%) of N in the separate packed columns (two and four stages) were higher than the mixed packing column (400%) after 90 hr. Whereas, the removal efficiencies of P were similar to each other in the three columns.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2002

This study was performed to evaluate an applicability of the SMMCMAS system for reuse of the sewage from spa area and was operated to HLR(Hydraulic loading rate) of 211.3 to 126.8 $\ell$/㎥/d. The operating HRT(Hydraulic retention time) ranges were 2.5 to 1.5 hours. Conclusions are as follows; At the optimum HLR of 158.5 $\ell/\m^2$/d (HRT of 2.0 hours), the maximum BOD removal efficiency was 94% and the effluent BOD concentration was 1.1mg/$\ell$ in result. As the HLR was increased to 211.3 $\ell/\m^2$/d, BOD removal efficiency was decreased to 75% and BOD removal efficiency was also reduced to 74% at lower HLR of 126.8 $\ell/\m^2$/d. It shows that the maximum BOD removal efficiency occurs at an optimum HLR value and that the removal efficiency decreases when the HLR is either higher or lower than the optimum value. Sludge production rates were ranged 0.01 to 0.24gVSS/gBODrem/d and accomplished to 0.01gVSS/gBODrem/d at the optimum HLR of 158.5 $\ell/\m^2$/d.