• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 1998

Recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) was produced by E. coli BL2l (DE3) harboring a plasmid pYHB101. The production of rhEGF was 44.5 mg/L when the E. coli BL2l (pYHB101) was cultured at 27$^{\circ}C$ for 48 hr in the modified MBL medium containing 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/L glucose with 10 $\mu\textrm{m}$ IPTG/lactose induction at 2 hr after inoculation. It was shown that lactose is able to induce the rhEGF expression of E. coli BL2l (pYHB101) with the same efficiency as IPTG. In the batch culture system, when induced with 10 $\mu\textrm{m}$ lactose, E. coli BL2l (pYHB101) produced maximum 45 mg/L of the rhEGF at 28 hr culture in the modified MBL medium containing 10 g/L glucose. In the semi-fed batch culture system, the volumetric yield was 160 mg/L when the culture was added with 0.5% (w/v) lactose and 0.25% (w/v) yeast extract in the late logarithmic phase and 94.3% of rhEGF was secreted as soluble form. However, when the culture was added with them in the early logarithmic phase, the volumetric yield was 120 mg/L and 20.9% of rhEGF was found in cytoplasmic insoluble aggregates. It was found that the addition time of lactose was important for production of soluble rhEGF from E. coli BL21 (pYHB101).

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.205-210
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• 2017

In this study, we examined the photo-degradation efficiency of $CoSe_2$-Graphene-$TiO_2$ ($CoSe_2-G-TiO_2$) nanocomposites under visible light irradiation using rhodamine B (RhB) as standard dye. $CoSe_2-G-TiO_2$ nanocomposites were synthesized by ultrasonication and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopic analysis and UV-Vis absorbance spectra analysis. Our results show that the $CoSe_2-G-TiO_2$ nanocomposite exhibited significant photo degradation efficiency compared to pure $TiO_2$ and $CoSe_2-G$, approximately 85.2% of the rhodamine (Rh B) degraded after 2.5 h. It is concluded that the $CoSe_2-G-TiO_2$ nanocomposite is a promising candidate for use in dye pollutants.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.95-99
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• 2006

When the inhibitory effect of ginsenoside (G) Re isolated from ginseng and its metabolites G-Rg1, G-F1, G-Rh1 and protopanaxatriol in mouse ear skin psoriasis stimulated by oxazolone was investigated, G-Re and its metabolites suppressed mouse ear swelling stimulated by oxazolone. Among these agents tested, G-Rh1 most potently suppressed ear swelling as well as mRNA expression of COX-2 and proinflammatory cytokines $IL-1{\beta},\;TNF-{\alpha}$ and $interferon-{\gamma}$. These findings suggest that G-Rh1 may improve chronic dermatitis and psoriasis.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.77-84
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• 2014

The present study evaluated that responses of peripheral and bone marrow depends on the frequency of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) administration in dogs. The rhG-CSF has been revealed that have a beneficial effect for dogs with myelosuppression secondary to chemotherapy or radiation but there were no studies about the frequency of administration in dogs. In this research, rhG-CSF was administrated $5{\mu}g/kg$ subcutaneously for each two-dogs group as follows: (1) every day for trial, (2) every other day for trial, (3) every third day for trial. The peripheral blood analysis including direct microscopic differential counts of one hundred cells was performed every day. Bone marrow aspiration was performed before administration of rh G-CSF, on the day of 0, 3, 9 and when the WBC counts were decreased within the normal range (day 12 or 13). Rh G-CSF was well-tolerated and showed no side effects in all dogs. According to the present study, $5{\mu}g/kg$ administration of rhG-CSF have cell-specific, frequency-related effect on bone marrow and peripheral blood. Furthermore, the effects of rhG-CSF administration on bone marrow sustained during the study and prolonged at least 3 days after discontinuing of rhG-CSF treatment.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.295-303
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• 2009

A simulated wastewater containing the dye Rhodamine B (RhB) was electrolytically treated using a three-dimensional electrode reactor equipped with granular activated carbon (GAC) as particle electrode. The effect of type of packing material (GAC, ACF, Nonwoven fabric fiber coated with activated carbon), amounts of GAC packing (25-100 g), current (0.5-3 A) and electrolyte concentration (0.5-3 g/l) was evaluated. Experimental results showed that performance for RhB decolorization of the 3 three-dimensional electrodes lie in: GAC > Nonwoven fabric fiber > ACF. When considered RhB decolorization, oxidants concentration and electric power, optimum GAC dosage was 50 g. Generated concentration of 3 oxidants ($ClO_2$, free Cl, $H_2O_2$) was increased with increase of applied current, however optimum current for RhB degradation was 2.5 A. The oxidants concentration was increased with increase of NaCl concentration and optimum NaCl dosage for RhB degradation was 1.5 g/l.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.205-213
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• 1996

Experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of GnRH-analogue (GnRH-a) on the induction of ovulation in catfish, S. asotus. Fully matured female catfish ($250\~600\;g$) received a single intraperitoneal injection of GnRH-a ($50\~200\;{\mu}g/kg{\cdot}body$ weight) showed the successful induction of ovulation. More than $86\%$ of treated females were ovulated after injection of GnRH-a ($90\;{\mu}g/kg$) at $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. The majority of spawning took place within 22 to 25 hours after the injection. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) and pseudo-GSI in the group treated with $120\;{\mu}g/kg$ GnRH-a were $23-30\%$ and $18-21\%$, respectively. Average fertilization and hatching rates were $94\%\;and\;81\%$, respectively. Electron microscopically, gonadotrophs of maturing female catfish were characterized by the presence of numerous small, electron-dense granules of approximately $150\~300$ nm in diameter and a few larger, less electron-dense granules of approximately $800\~1000$ nm in size in their cytoplasm. Gonadotrophs of GnRH-a treated catfish showed that their was a distinct decrease in number of small and large granules. The rough endoplasmic reticulum was composed of numerous cisternae conspicuosly dilated to various degrees.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.188-196
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• 2014

Extracellular production of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7 (rhBMP-7) was carried out through the fermentation of Bacillus subtilis. Three significant fermentation conditions and medium components were selected and optimized to enhance the rhBMP-7 production by using the response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum values of the three variables for the maximum extracellular production of rhBMP-7 were found to be 2.93 g/l starch, 5.18 g/l lactose, and a fermentation time of 34.57 h. The statistical optimization model was validated with a few fermentations of B. subtilis in shake flasks under optimized and unoptimized conditions. A 3-L jar fermenter using the shake-flask optimized conditions resulted in a higher production (413 pg/ml of culture medium) of rhBMP-7 than in a shake flask (289.1 pg/ml), which could be attributed to the pH being controlled at 6.0 and constant agitation of 400 rpm with aeration of 1 vvm.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 1981

Holstein-Friesian cows(n=284) were given $100{\mu}g$ of gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH) or saline solution by intramuscular injection at 10 to 22 days after parturition, and were investigated their reproductive performance and frequency of ovarian cysts. Among them 28 cystic cows were injected with $150{\mu}g$ of GnRH intramuscularly and examined the recovery rate. The results obtained in this study were summarized as follows: 1. The interval from calving to 1st ovulation was reduced from 28.2 days in controls to 16.5 days for cows given GnRH (p<0.01). 2. The intervals from calving to 1st estrus and from calving to conception were extended significantly in control group (p<0.05). 3. Inseminations per conception and conception rate at 1st insemination did not reveal difference between two groups. 4. Frequency of ovarian cysts was reduced from 14.0% in control to 4.20% for cows given GnRH (p<0.05). 5. Of the 28 cystic cows receiving $150{\mu}g$ of GnRH, 23(82.1%) responded to 1st treatment and returned to estrus $24.2{\pm}4.3$ days after treatment. 6. These data provide evidence for reduction in infertility and reproductive disorders in early postpartum dairy cows given GnRH as a prophylactic.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.545-555
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• 2002

Ginsenosides of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol and 20(S)-protopanaxatriol classification including the aglycones, PD, PI and ginsenosides Rh2, Rhl were shown to posses characteristic effects on proliferation of THP-l human leukaemia cells. A similar result was not apparent for ginsenoside Rg3 or dexamathasone. The concentration to inhibit $50\%$ of cells $(LC_{50})$ for PD, Rh2, PI and Rhl were 13 ${\mu}g/mL,\;15{\mu}g/mL,\;19{\mu}g/mL\;and\;210\;{\mu}g/mL$ respectively. Cell cycle analysis showed apoptosis with PD and PI treatment of THP-1 cells resulting in a build up of sub-G1 cells after 24, 48 and 72 hours of treatment. Rh2, and dexamathasone treatments also increased apoptotic cells after 24 hours, where as Rhl did not. After 48 and 72 hours Rh2, Rhl and dexamathasone similarly increased apoptosis, but these effects were significantly (P<0.05) lower than observed for both PD and PI treatments. Furthermore, treatments that produced the largest build up of apoptotic cells were also found to have the largest release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). It can be concluded from these studies that the presence of sugars to PD and PI aglycone structure reduces the potency to induce apoptosis, and alternately alter membrane integrity. These cytotoxic effects to THP-l cells were different from dexamethasone.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.565-572
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• 2021

Toxoplasma gondii ME49 infections are typically diagnosed by serological tests. However, serological diagnosis of RH strain-induced toxoplasmosis remains unknown. In order to develop seradiagnosis of above 2 kinds of infections, we generated recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) displaying the T. gondii rhoptry protein 4 (ROP4) and evaluated their potential in T. gondii ME49 or RH strain infection diagnostics. Mice were orally infected with either the tachyzoites of T. gondii (RH) or cysts of T. gondii (ME49) at various dosages, and sera were collected at regular intervals. ELISA-based serological tests were performed to assess IgG, IgM, and IgA antibody responses against ROP4 VLP antigen and tissue lysate antigen (TLA). Compared to TLA, IgG, IgM, and IgA levels to ROP4 VLP antigen were significantly higher in the sera of T. gondii RH-infected mice 1 and 2 week post-infection (PI). T. gondii-specific IgG antibody was detected at 1, 2, 4, and 8 week PI in the T. gondii ME49-infected mice with infection dose-dependent manner. These results indicated that the ROP4 VLP antigen was highly sensitive antigens detecting T. gondii RH and ME49 antibodies at an early stage.