• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1282-1286
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• 2005

The in vivo immunomodulatory function of the activity of murine natural killer (NK) cells induced by high mannuronic acid-containing alginate (HMA) was examined. HMA was injected i.p at doses of 25 and 100 mg/kg. The NK activity was 3 times higher with 100 mg/kg HMA than the baseline. In addition, in vitro studies of splenocytes cultured with HMA for 20 h showed a significant increase in NK activity at E:T ratio of 100: 1; a 160$\%$ and 210$\%$ increase at 10 and 100 $\mu$g/mL, respectively. There was a six fold increase in interferon-$\gamma$ production in a postculture of splenocytes with 100 $\mu$g/mL HMA. HMA had no suppressive effects on the lymphocyte function in the presence or absence of mitogens. This suggests that HMA is useful in cancer immunotherapy.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.235-243
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• 2009

In this paper, we deal with the problem of uniqueness of meromorphic functions that share two small functions with their derivatives, and obtain the following result which improves a result of Yao and Li: Let f(z) be a nonconstant meromorphic function, k > 5 be an integer. If f(z) and g(z) = $a_1(z)f(z)+a_2(z)f^{(k)}(z)$ share the value 0 CM, and share b(z) IM, $\overline{N}_E(r,f=0=F^{(k)})=S(r)$, f${\equiv}$g, where $a_1(z)$, $a_2(z)$ and b(z) are small functions of f(z).

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.1529-1560
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• 2019

We are concerned with the following elliptic equations: $$(-{\Delta})^s_pu+V (x){\mid}u{\mid}^{p-2}u={\lambda}g(x,u){\text{ in }}{\mathbb{R}}^N$$, where $(-{\Delta})_p^s$ is the fractional p-Laplacian operator with 0 < s < 1 < p < $+{\infty}$, sp < N, the potential function $V:{\mathbb{R}}^N{\rightarrow}(0,{\infty})$ is a continuous potential function, and $g:{\mathbb{R}}^N{\times}{\mathbb{R}}{\rightarrow}{\mathbb{R}}$ satisfies a $Carath{\acute{e}}odory$ condition. We show the existence of at least one weak solution for the problem above without the Ambrosetti and Rabinowitz condition. Moreover, we give a positive interval of the parameter ${\lambda}$ for which the problem admits at least one nontrivial weak solution when the nonlinearity g has the subcritical growth condition.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.106-114
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• 1992

The acute toxicity and the effect of steam distillate obtained from several plant mixtures (G-3) on the reactivation of brain, lung, and blood acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and recovery from other toxic symptoms following intoxication by organophosphate pesticides were investigated in mice and mudfish. Administration of G-3 $(50{\sim}100\;ml/kg,\;i.p.)$ immediately or 30 min prior to Diazinon or Sumithion treatments, respectively, resulted in a significant reactivation of AChE activity in brain, lung, and blood, their potencies being almost equipotent to those of 2-PAM, one of well-known antidotes. G-3 itself exhibited almost no acute toxicity even at the highest dose employed, and without effect on the inhibition of hepatic drug metabolism function following organophosphate administrations. G-3 showed a significant diminution of the death rate in mudfish as well as in mice intoxicated by Diazinon.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.367-377
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• 2024

Let G = (V, E) be a graph with p-vertices and q-edges and let R^◦ be a finite zero ring of order n. An injective function f : V (G) → {r₁, r₂, _…, r_k}, where r_i ∈ R^◦ is called vertex pair sum k-zero ring labeling, if it is possible to label the vertices x ∈ V with distinct labels from R^◦ such that each edge e = uv is labeled with f(e = uv) = [f(u) + f(v)] (mod n) and the edge labels are distinct. A graph admits such labeling is called vertex pair sum k-zero ring graph. The minimum value of positive integer k for a graph G which admits a vertex pair sum k-zero ring labeling is called the vertex pair sum k-zero ring index denoted by 𝜓_pz(G). In this paper, we defined the vertex pair sum k-zero ring labeling and applied to some graphs.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.6 no.8
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• pp.2124-2132
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• 1999

Given a graph G=(V,E), Ld(2,1)-labeling of G is a function f : V(G)$\longrightarrow$[0,$\infty$) such that, if v1,v2$\in$V are adjacent, $\mid$ f(x)-f(y) $\mid$$\geq$2d, and, if the distance between and is two, $\mid$ f(x)-f(y) $\mid$$\geq$d, where dG(,v2) is shortest distance between v1 and in G. The L(2,1)-labeling number (G) is the smallest number m such that G has an L(2,1)-labeling f with maximum m of f(v) for v$\in$V. This problem has been studied by Griggs, Yeh and Sakai for the various classes of graphs. In this paper, we discuss the upper-bound of ${\lambda}$ (G) for a chordal graph G and that of ${\lambda}$(G') for a permutation graph G'.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.527-533
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• 2006

Spinel $LiNi_xMn_{2-x}O_4$ thin films were synthesized up to x = 0.9 by a sol-gel method employing spin-coating. The Ni-substituted films were found to maintain cubic structure at low x but to exhibit tetragonal structure for $x{\geq}0.6$. Such cubic-tetragonal phase transition indicates that $Ni^{3+}(d7)$ ions with low-spin $(t_{2g}^6,e_g^1)$ state occupy the octahedral sites of the compound, thus being subject to the Jahn-Teller distortion. By x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy both $Ni^{2+}$ and $Ni^{3+}$ ions were detected. Optical properties of the $LiNi_xMn_{2-x}O_4$ films were investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) in the visible?ultraviolet range. The measured dielectric function spectra by SE mainly consist of broad absorption structures attributed to charge-transfer (CT) transitions, $O^{2-}(2p){\rightarrow}Mn^{4+}(3d)$ for 1.9 $(t_{2g})$ and $2.8{\sim}3.0$ eV $(e_g)$ structures and $O^{2-}(2p){\rightarrow}Mn^{3+}(3d)$ for 2.3 $(t_{2g})$ and $3.4{\sim}3.6$ eV $(e_g)$ structures. Also, sharp absorption structures were observed at about 1.6, 1.7, and 1.9 eV, interpreted as due to d-d crystal-field transitions within the octahedral $Mn^{3+}$ ion. The strengths of these absorption structures are reduced by the Ni substitution. Rapid reduction of the CT transition strength involving the eg states for x = 0.6 is attributed to the reduced wavefunction overlap between the $e_g$ and the $O^{2-}(2p)$ states due to the tetragonal extension of the lattice constant by the Jahn-Teller effect.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.1384-1390
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• 2011

Chrysanthemum indicum L. (Asteraceae) is a common traditional herbal medicine used for the treatment of inflammation, hypertension, and respiratory diseases due to its strong antagonistic function against inflammatory cytokines. In this study, the effects of Chrysanthemum indicum L. extract (CIE) on the function of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells and the production of local factors in osteoblasts were investigated. CIE (100 ${\mu}g/mL$) significantly increased the growth of MC3T3-E1 cells and caused a significant elevation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and the deposition of collagen and calcium in the cells (p<0.05). The effect of CIE in increasing cell growth, ALP activity, and collagen content was completely prevented by the presence of 1 ${\mu}M$ tamoxifen, suggesting that CIE's effect might be partly involved in estrogen-related activities. These results indicate that the enhancement of osteoblast functionality by CIE may prevent osteoporosis and inflammatory bone diseases.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2007

We present wide-field $JHK_s$-band photometric observations of the three compact H II regions G48.9-0.3, G49.0-0.3, and G49.2-0.3 in the active star-forming region W51B. The star clusters inside the three compact H II regions show the excess number of stars in the $J-K_s$ histograms compared with reference fields. While the mean color excess ratio $(E_{J-H}/E_{H-K_s})$ of the three compact H II regions are similar to ${\sim}2.07$, the visual extinctions toward them are somewhat different: ${\sim}17$ mag for G48.9-0.3 and G49.0-0.3; ${\sim}23$ mag for G49.2-0.3. Based on their sizes and brightnesses, we suggest that the age of each compact H II region is ${\leq}2\;Myr$. The inferred total stellar mass, ${\sim}1.4{\times}10^4M_{\odot}$, of W51B makes it one of the most active star forming regions in the Galaxy with the star formation efficiency of ${\sim}10%$.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07c
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• pp.1039-1041
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• 1999

Recently Advanced Static Var Compensators(ASVC) or STATic Synchronous COMpesator(STATCOM) has been considered as a next generation reactive power controller. [2] STATCOM is a voltage source inverter(VSI) based static VAr compensator with only small capacitors on the do side. The main function of the STATCOM is to keep the bus voltage magnitude at the desired value. [1] This paper compares the PAM STATCOM with PWM STATCOM. The characteristics and the control method of each model is analyzed. And the simulation of STATCOMs based on the above two methods was presented.