• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
• /
• pp.79.2-80
• /
• 2003

To better understand plant defense responses against pathogen attack, we identified the transcription factor-encoding genes in the hot pepper Capsicum annuum that show altered expression patterns during the hypersensitive response raised by challenge with bacterial pathogens. One of these genes, Ca1244, was characterized further. This gene encodes a plant-specific Type IIIA - zinc finger protein that contains two Cys$_2$His$_2$zinc fingers. Ca1244 expression is rapidly and specifically induced when pepper plants are challenged with bacterial pathogens to which they are resistant. In contrast, challenge with a pathogen to which the plants are susceptible only generates weak Ca1244 expression. Ca1244 expression is also strongly induced in pepper leaves by the exogenous application of ethephon, an ethylene releasing compound. Whereas, salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate had moderate effects. Pepper protoplasts expressing a Ca1244-smGFP fusion protein showed Ca1244 localizes in the nucleus. Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing Ca1244 driven by the CaMV 355 promoter show increased resistance to challenge with a tobacco-specific bacterial pathogen. These plants also showed constitutive upregulation of the expression of multiple defense-related genes. These observations provide the first evidence that an Type IIIA - zinc finger protein, Ca1244, plays a crucial role in the activation of the pathogen defense response in plants.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.87-99
• /
• 1991

The effect of oven firing on the color stability and surface texture of extrinsic stains used characterization and color modification of metal cermic restoration were studied by comparing different temperatures and techniques. They were autoglaze technique, applied glaze technique, two step low-fusing glaze technique and one step low-fusing glaze technique. Autoglaze technique and applied glaze technique were air-fired to manufacturer's recommended temperature. Two step low-fusing glaze technique is separated staining and overglazing. Thin slurry of stain powder were air-fired to $1500^{\circ}F$, Overglaze powder powder was then mixed with seam medium and air-fired to $170^{\circ}F$. One step low-fusing glaze technique is combined staining and overglazing. Thin slurry of stain and glaze powder were air-fired to $170^{\circ}F$. The obtained results were as fellows. 1. Slightly significant color differences by colorimeter were found between different stain application and fusion techniques(P<0.05). 2. Two step low-fusing glaze method showed the most rough surface, especially ceramco orage stain(P<0.05). 3. Surface roughness increased gradually in order of autoglaze, applied glaze, one step low-fusing glaze but they were not significantly different(P<0.05). 4. When two step low-fusing glaze was applied, both color measurement and surface texture were sinificantly different from other groups(P<0.05).

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국동물번식학회 2000년도 국제심포지움
• /
• pp.7-8
• /
• 2000

Transgenic animals are very useful for scientific, pharmaceutical, and agricultural purposes. In livestock, transgenic technology has been used forthe genetic alteration of farm animals, the production of human proteins inlarge quantities in the milk of transgenic farm animals, and the generation of animals with organs suitable for xenotransplantation. To date, the transfer of foreign genes into farm animals has been performed mainly by microinjection of DNA into the pronuclei of fertilized eggs. However, the overall success rate of transgenic animals in livestock so far has been disappointingly low, eg., the efficiency is 0∼5% in swine, and less than 1% in sheep and cattle, compared with the rate in mice where 5% microinjected develop into transgenic animals. Recently, McGreath et al. (2000) have succeeded in producing the gene targeted sheep by the use of nuclear transfer from cultured somatic cells transfected with a foreign gene in vitro. However, we may need plenty of time until currently employ this method for gene transfer to farm animals. We have been studying to exploit the method for improving production efficiencies of transgenic animals with emphasis of its application to farm animals. The present paper describes three approaches that we have made in our laboratory to improve production efficiencies of transgenic animals, based on the DNA microinjection method. 1. Co-injection of restriction enzyme with foreign DNA into the pronucleus for elevating production efficiencies of transgenic animals. 2. Efficient selection of transgenic mouse embryos using EGFP as a marker gene. 3. Phenotypes of tansgenic mice expressing WAP/hGH-CAG/EGFP fusion gene produced by selecting transgenic embryos. 4. Efficient site-specific integration of the transgene targeting an endogenous lox like site in early mouse embryos.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.13-24
• /
• 2004

This study was analyzed three basic patterns of the Islamic arts. These are natural flora, geometrical and calligraphy pattern. Islamic belief in Aniconism, doctrine of unity and worship of arabic language demanded delicate, decorative, and abstract patterns instead of patterns of real image. Natural flora pattern was classified into arabesque and various flower patterns. Muhammad commands that "The artist who fashions a representation of living things is competitor of God and therefore destined to eternal damnation, so if you want to represent living things, you should only depict flowers and trees". Then the natural flora patterns developed into main Islamic pattern. Geometric pattern was composed of geometrical elements like, circle, trigon, square, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon, octagon or other polygons, stars or motifs with straight or curved lines. Circle symbolized ′celestial′ sphere and crystal of the lower octagon symbolized ′earthly existence′. Therefore if the circle join with the octagons, it means fusion of celestial and earthly existence. Another important influence on the Islamic art was the calligraphy pattern, the writing of Arabic language. The major language of calligraphy pattern was Arabic script and often Persian script. Calligraphy pattern was composed of Kufic and Cursive script. The cursive script was developed various forms. The Islamic tenet prohibit depiction of sacred images, the sacred Arabic calligraphy such as ′Alla′ or ′Mohammad′ was substituted of them. And the content of calligraphy pattern was used with Quranic phrases. The aesthetics of Islamic patterns analyzed aesthetic of ′rhythmic lines′, aesthetic of ′unity in multiplicity′, aesthetic of tessellation and aesthetic of harmony. On the textiles of the Islamic culture, the arabesque, floral, geometric and calligraphy patterns were frequently used.

• 실천공학교육논문지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.25-30
• /
• 2015

가상현실은 프로그래밍, 시뮬레이션, 컴퓨터 그래픽스 등 다양한 학문의 종합체이며 이러한 형태의 새로운 문화적 패러다임의 등장은 우리에게 새로운 개념의 콘텐츠 개발 방법과 정보교류방식을 요구하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 3D 가상현실 기술을 이용하여 I-Bench Mobile 이라는 새로운 장비를 통해 사용자와 인터렉티브가 가능한 가구배치 시뮬레이션을 제안한다. 이것은 3D로 제작이 되며 물리 및 중력을 적용한다는 점에 강점을 두며, 또한 스냅샷 기능을 통해 고객들이 가구를 자신이 원하는 장소에 배치하여 궁극적으로 고객 만족도 향상을 목표로 하고 있다. 가상증강현실기술을 이용한 소프트웨어를 개발하는 본 연구 과정은 공학계열의 컴퓨터학과와 예술계열의 영상 예술 디자인학과, 시각 디자인 학과와 같은 다양한 학과들에서 다루는 교육과정의 작업이 필요하므로 단지 코딩 기술이 아닌 여러 학문의 기술들이 함께 어우러진 융합 IT기술 교육의 좋은 사례라고 할 수 있다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 1995

The structural materials for cryogenic technology have been recently developed to support the many modern large-scale application from superconducting magnets for nuclear fusion reactor, magnetic levitation railway to LNG tankers. However it is pointed out that quenching phenomenon is one of the serious problems for the integrity of these applications, which is mainly attributed to the rapid temperature rising in the material due to some extrinsic factors of structures. From the viewpoint of fracture mechanics, it is therefore very important to clarify the mechanism of temperature rising of structural material due to cyclic loading at cryogenic temperature. From this purpose, fatigue test was carried out for high manganese steel at liquid helium temperature(4.2K) using triangular stress waveform to identify both the mechanism of temperature rising near crack tip and the effect of loading stress waveform on temperature rising near crack tip and the effect of loading stress waveforms on temperature rising. As the results, two types of temperature rising, that is, regular and burst types were observed. And a periodical temperature rising corresponding to the stress waveforms was also found. The peaks of the temperature rising were recorded near both the maximum and the minimum values of the applied stress. The sudden temperature rises, which indicated the higher values than those of periodical temperature rises under the repetition of stress, were observed at the final region of crack growth. It was shown that the peak values of the temperature rising increased with stress intensity factor range.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.114-121
• /
• 2014

Refractoriness of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells to chemotherapeutics represents a major clinical barrier. Suicide gene therapy for cancer has been attractive but with limited clinical efficacy. In this study, we investigated the potential application of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (HSV-TK/GCV) based system to inhibit chemoresistant AML cells. We first generated Ara-C resistant K562 cells and doxorubicin-resistant THP-1 cells. We found that the HSV-TK/GCV anticancer system suppressed drug resistant leukemic cells in culture. Chemoresistant AML cell lines displayed similar sensitivity to HSV-TK/GCV. Moreover, HSV-TK/GCV killing of leukemic cells was augmented to a mild but significant extent by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) with concomitant upregulation of Connexin 43, a major component of gap junctions. Interestingly, HSV-TK/GCV killing was enhanced by expression of vesicular stomatitis virus G glycoprotein (VSV-G), a fusogenic membrane protein, which also increased leukemic cell fusion. Co-culture resistant cells expressing HSV-TK and cells stably transduced with VSV-G showed that expression of VSV-G could promote the bystander killing effect of HSV-TK/GCV. Furthermore, combination of HSV-TK/GCV with VSV-G plus ATRA produced more pronounced antileukemia effect. These results suggest that the HSV-TK/GCV system in combination with fusogenic membrane proteins and/or ATRA could provide a strategy to mitigate the chemoresistance of AML.

• 한국어병학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.277-284
• /
• 2006

최근 양식현장에서 양식기구 소독과 어병방역을 목적으로 목초액을 사용하고 있으나 목초액에 대한 정보는 거의 없는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 목초액에 대한 어류독성을 검토하기 위하여 잉어, 넙치, 조피볼락 및 감성돔을 대상으로 독성 여부를 확인하였다. 목초액에 대한 반수치사 농도는 담수 어종인 잉어의 경우 48시간 LC50치가 1243 ppm, 넙치에서 1397 ppm으로 나타나 시험에 대상으로 한 다른 어종에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 조피볼락에서는 1058 ppm,감성돔의 경우는 LC50치가 650 ppm으로 조사되어 가장 낮게 나타났다. LC50 농도에 노출된 어체의 조직학적 관찰에서는 목초액이 처리된 모든 어체의 아가미에서 괴사, 증생 및 박리 등이 관찰되어, 아가미의 심각한 손상으로 삼투조절 및 산소공급에 문제가 있을 것으로 추정되었다.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2004년도 Proceedings of the 4th Korea-China Joint Workshop on Nuclear Waste Management
• /
• pp.220-237
• /
• 2004

China, as a developing country with a great number of population and relatively less energy resources, reasonably emphasizes the nuclear energy utilization development. For the long term sustainable energy supply, as for nuclear application the basic strategy of PWR-FBR-Fusion has been settled and envisaged. Due to the economy and experience reasons the nuclear power and technology development with a moderate style are kept in China up to now. In China mainland apart from two NPPs with the total capacity of 2.1 GWe in operation, four NPPs are under construction and two NPPs are planned for the Tenth Five Year Plan(2001-2005). Also another one or two NPPs are still in discussion. It could be foreseen that the total nuclear power capacity will reach 8.5GWe before the year 2005 and 14-15 GWe before 2010 respectively. As the first step for the Chinese fast reactor engineering development the 65MWt China Experimental Fast Reactor(CEFR) is under construction. The main components of primary, secondary and tertiary circuits and of fuel handling system have been ordered. The reactor building under construction has reached the top namely 57m above the ground. More than one hundred components and shielding doors have been installed. It is planned that the construction of reactor building with about 40,000$m^2$ floor surface will be completed in the end of the year 2002 and envisaged that the first criticality of the CEFR will be in the end of 2005. The second step of the Chinese fast reactor engineering development is a 300MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor which is only under consideration up to now. Some important technical selections have been settled, but its design has not yet started.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.384-389
• /
• 2011

본 논문은 스마트 그리드에 사용할 수 있는 저항성 전력 분배기에 관한 연구이다. 미래 스마트 그리드에서는 고속 전력선 통신이 실용화 단계에 이를 것으로 예상되므로, 전력 분배기의 초고주파수 응답 또한 그 중요성을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 thin-film 기술을 사용한 저항성 전력 분배기를 설계, 측정 및 분석을 하였다. 고주파 전송 신호선 제작을 위해 코플라나 전송 선로를 제작, 측정하였다. 3 dB 차단 주파수는 72 GHz로 측정되었으며, S11의 크기는 70 GHz까지 <-20 dB 특성을 보였다. 저항성 전력 분배기 제작을 위해 델타형 구성으로된 회로를 thin-film 기술을 이용하여 제작하였다. 3 dB 차단 주파수는 50 GHz를 보였다. 저항성 전력 분배기의 고속 입력 신호 (40 Gb/s)가 이론에서 예상한 대로 6 dB의 삽입 손실을 가지며 전송되는 것을 실험적으로 확인하였다.