• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.91-106
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• 1969

From a review of the literature it was found that 96 species of fungi have been reported as occurring on the wood of Ulmus americana L., the Amercan elm. In an intensive study of the fungi growing on one American elm log, 60 species were found. Only one had been reported previously on American elm. A second fungus proved to be a hyperparasite of a slime mold. Three members of the Fungi Imperfecti could not be identified and is believed that they may constitute new taxa. In the past, Nasidiomycetes constituted the main group of fungi on American elm wood according to the literature. The Fungi Imperfecti were the largest group in this study in that over half of the species found are imperfect fungi. All of the species encountered in the study were illustrated.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2004

Asian Dust samples were collected in the ambient air of Seosan, Western Korea, in spring of 2000∼2002. PM (Particulate Matter) concentrations were 199,8$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ in the first Asian Dust period (March, 23∼24) and 249.4$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ in the second period (April, 7∼9) of 2000. Compared with the concentrations in 2000, relatively low PM concentrations, 157.3$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ were measured in the periods of 2001 (April, 24∼26). Especially high PM concentration 953.1$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ were measured in the periods of 2002 (March, 21∼22). The variation in the PM concentration was observed according to the time for the formation of Asian dust. Considering the particle size distributions of Asian dust, a high concentration was also observed in coarse particle region. The results of backward trajectory model showed the route of the dust storms from northern area of Mongol and Gobi desert. Various mycelia grown from fungal spores were observed on the PM samples and identified at the genus level. All the genera from the three years (2000∼2002), Fusarium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Basipetospora, Epicoccum and Monotospora are hyphomycetes in the division Fungi imperfecti (Deuteromycota). Fungal composition on the dust sample in March, 2000 was similar to the result of March, 2002. However, the result of April, 2001 was obviously different from the other dust periods. The variations of fungal compositions between the dust periods could be caused by the trajectories of the dust storms.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.294-299
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• 2002

PM (Particulate Matter) samples contained fungal spores were collected in the ambient air of Seosan, west Korea, in springtime of 2000 and 2001. PM concentrations were $199.8\mu{g}\;m^{-3}$ in the 1st Asian Dust Storm period (March, 23 ~ 24) and $249.4\mu{g}\;m^{-3}$ in the 2nd period (April, 7~9), 2000. Compared with the concentrations in 2000, relatively low PM concentration ($157.3\mu{g}\;m^{-3}$ ) was measured in the Asian Dust Storm period (April, 24 ~ 20) of 2001. Although there were somewhat differences for the total PM concentrations among the three periods, majorities of the PM were composed of coarse particles sized about 5 ~ 6 $\mu{m}$ over the periods of the two years. Diverse molds grown from fungal aerosols were observed in the PM samples and identified at the genus level. All the genera, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Basipetospora, Epicoccum and Monotospora are hyphomycetes in the division Fungi imperfecti (Deuteromycota). Especially, morphologically more diversified mycelia of hyphomycetes were grown on the fine PM sample (1.1 ~ 2.1 $\mu{m}$) than coarse PM samples in the periods of 2000. Furthermore, some molds were grown on even the background PM sample less than 0.43 $\mu{m}$ in the period of 2001. It was thought that some kinds of ultra fine sized fungal spores were transported by the Asian Dust Storm and suspended in the ambient air of study area during the events.

• Mycobiology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.127-129
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• 2000

During the study of soil mycoflora in Jinju-shi in 1997, a dematiaceous hyphomycete, Gonytrichum macrocladum, was isolated using the soil dilute plating method. The isolate was recovered with very low frequencies and recorded for the first time in Korea. illustrated descriptions are presented for the isolate examined in the present study.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.153-157
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• 2001

The relationship between SPM (Suspended Particulate Matter) and fungal spore in the air was investigated in Seosan, a rural county of Korea, in spring of 2000. SPM concentrations in the air were $199.8\mu{g}\;m^{-3}$, in the 1st Yellow Sand Period (March, 23-24), $249.4\mu{g}\;m^{-3}$ in the 2nd Yellow Sand Period (April, 7-9) and $98.9\mu{g}\;m^{-3}$ in the Non Yellow Sand Period (May, 12-16), respectively. Although there was somewhat difference in total SPM concentration between the two Yellow Sand Periods, majority of the total SPM were composed of $5\mu{m}$ sized coarse particles over the two periods. However, fine particles sized about $1\mu{m}$and coarse particles sized about $5-6\mu{m}$ ultimately showed peaks, which was within typical bimodal pattern at the graph of SPM size distribution in the Non Yellow Sand Period. Four mold genera grown from airborne fungal spores were finally identified in full-grown colonies at the SPM samples during the Yellow Sand Periods. These genera were Fusarium, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Basipetospora.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.70-76
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• 1990

Twenty-one strains isolated, cellulose decomposing fungi, were identified on the basis of morphological, physiological and biochemical properties as Acremonium sp., Aspergillus sp., Chaetomium sp., Chrysonilla sp., Doratomyces sp., Fusarium sp., Gliomastix sp., Penicillium sp., Trichoderma sp., Varicosporium sp. and Verticillium sp.. The optimum tempeture for growth was in the range of $20-30^{\circ}C$. Most of the isolated stains utilized all tested carbon sources, and scarcely utilized urea as a nitrogen source. Only the strain No.2 had high activity of cellulase.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.1.1-5
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• 2001

High SPM concentrations(199.8~249.4${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$/㎥) were detected in the west Korea during the Yellow Sand Periods, 2000. Majority of the total SPM were composed of about 5${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ sized coarse particles over the periods. However, fine particles sized about 1 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ and coarse particles sized about 5-6${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ showed peaks at the graph of SPM size distribution in the Non Yellow Sand Period. Airborne fungal spores at the SPM samples were cultured and identified. Full-grown colonies during the Yellow Sand Periods, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Basipetospora are hyphomycetes in the division Fungi imperfecti(Deuteromycota). And morphologically more diversified mycelia of hyphomycetes were grown on the sample captured from 1.1~2.1${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ sized SPM than on other sized samples during the Yellow Sand Period. But no mold was observed on the sample of 1.1~2.1${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ sized SPM in the Non Yellow Sand Period. It was thought that several sorts of fine sized fungal spores were suspended in the atmospheric environment of the west Korea during the Asian dust episodes.