• 성인간호학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.358-366
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the incidence and severity of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) among patients with hematologic malignancies and to examine the relationship between the quality of life (QOL) and CIPN. Methods: A total of 66 patients with CIPN-related symptoms participated in this study. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires consisted of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 version 3.0 and the 16-item QLQ-CIPN20. Data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN20 for descriptive statistics using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Spearman's rho. Results: The mean lower and upper extremity scale scores were 31.95 and 23.16 respectively for the 16-item QLQ-CIPN20. The mean QLQ-C30 subcategory scores were 46.84 for global health status, 58.72 for functional scales, and 34.85 for symptom scales. The CIPN-related lower extremity scale symptoms correlated negatively with the QOL subscales. There was no correlation between CIPN-related upper extremity symptoms and health-related QOL. Conclusion: Patients with hematologic malignancies treated with neurotoxic chemotherapeutic agents had CIPN-related symptoms in the lower extremities mainly, and their QOL functional subscale scores were relatively lower than those of other cancer patients. Interventions need to be developed for patients with hematologic malignancies to alleviate CIPN and enhance their QOL.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.466-476
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore characteristics of eating behavior according to level of functional status of elders with dementia (EWD), and to examine feeding time, change in food intake and body mass index (BMI) according to eating behavior. Methods: Participants were 149 EWD residing in long-term care facilities located in Seoul or Gyeonggi province and evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Exam-Korean version, Korean version-Activities of Daily Living, and Eating Behavior Scale (EBS). Feeding time, change in food intake, and BMI were also measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0, specifically descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Chi-square test. Results: Participants' mean EBS score was $10.43{\pm}6.01$ and half of them (54.4%) needed moderate or total assistance while eating. The EBS score was significantly lower for elders with severe dementia compared to those with mild or moderate dementia; and elders with severe ADL dependence compared to those with mild or moderate ADL dependence. Lower EBS scores were related to longer feeding time, a greater the rate of participants with decreased food intake and 'underweight' BMI. Conclusion: Nursing intervention programs which are designed for EWD are needed to maintain functional eating skills and prevent negative consequences in this population.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.39-55
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• 2001

This paper investigates the idiosyncratic understanding of universal quantifiers such as every, each or all by young children at the ages of 4 to 7, and argues that the phenomenon is explicable in terms of the maturation of both the cognitive system and the linguistic system. Evidence for this dual explanation comes from the fact that the visual input, a picture, plays a key role in determining the children's conceptual representation, suggesting the need for the central integration of visual and linguistic elements; and from the fact that a quantifier in the linguistic input has an intrinsic property, i.e. a <+focus> feature. I have tried to explain the nature of the cognitive factors in terms of the function of the central system, suggesting a modified form of Smith & Tsimpli's (1995) yersion of Fodor's (1983) modularity hypothesis. The categorial status of the quantifier in the children's interpretation is considered, focusing on the movement of that quantifier out of its own extended projection to FP. It is claimed that children initially treat quantifiers as modifiers, rather than functional heads, and that the phenomenon of quantifier spreading by children can be attributed to delay in the development of the relevant functional category, i.e., DP (or QP), in language acquisition.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.355-368
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• 2005

Large and complex structures are being built now-a-days and, they are required to be functional even under extreme loading and environmental conditions. In order to meet the safety and maintenance demands, there is a need to build sensors integrated structural system, which can sense and provide necessary information about the structural response to complex loading and environment. Sophisticated tools have been developed for the design and construction of civil engineering structures. However, very little has been accomplished in the area of monitoring and rehabilitation. The employment of appropriate sensor is therefore crucial, and efforts must be directed towards non-destructive testing techniques that remain functional throughout the life of the structure. Fiber optic sensors are emerging as a superior non-destructive tool for evaluating the health of civil engineering structures. Flexibility, small in size and corrosion resistance of optical fibers allow them to be directly embedded in concrete structures. The inherent advantages of fiber optic sensors over conventional sensors include high resolution, ability to work in difficult environment, immunity from electromagnetic interference, large band width of signal, low noise and high sensitivity. This paper brings out the potential and current status of technology of fiber optic sensors for civil engineering applications. The importance of employing fiber optic sensors for health monitoring of civil engineering structures has been highlighted. Details of laboratory studies carried out on fiber optic strain sensors to assess their suitability for civil engineering applications are also covered.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.139-147
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• 2016

Purpose: This study examined whether a single application of a lumbar flexion muscle energy technique (MET) could significantly influence pain, functional status, and range of motion in chronic back pain patients with restricted active trunk flexion. Methods: Twenty volunteers were randomly assigned to either a control group or an experimental group. Ten subjects in the control group received no treatment. Ten subjects in the experimental group received five sessions with the muscle energy technique, five times per week for two weeks. Outcomes were measured before and after two weeks of treatment in both groups. Pain intensity was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Range of motion was measured using the sit-and-reach test (SRT). Functional disability levels were assessed using the Korean version of the Oswestry Disability Index (KODI). Results: The experimental group showed a significant difference in VAS, KODI, and SRT between pre- and post-treatment (p < .05), while the control group showed no significant changes. The changes in VAS, ODI, and SRT were statistically significant between the groups pre- and post-treatment (p < .05). Conclusion: This muscle energy technique is clinically effective for chronic low back pain patients.

• 산업공학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.75-93
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• 1997

Unlike individual applications, it is extremely hard to obtain user requirements for group systems, since there exists very complicated dynamics in group. This may result in spreading a great amount of products with a broad range of contents. Thus, this study presents a comparative analysis of groupware products. As a result, these products have been categorized into three areas which include cooperation/document management systems, collaborative writing systems, and decision-making/meeting systems. While the systems reviewed here focus on the cooperation/document management systems, the other two areas will be dealt in details in part Ⅱ. The first area ends up with two large categories such as proprietary groupware products and intranet groupware products. However, it has been observed that there is a natural convergence between these two categories. Consequently, the comparative analysis has been performed in terms of functions provided on the two categories and a combined category. Each group of the functions has been divided into three parts which consist of basic functions, quasi-basic functions, and others. Such a decision has been made based on the frequency rate of the functions provided in the products. With a more strict rule, the basic functions comprise electronic mail, sanction, bulletin board, document management, scheduling, security, Web browser, and Internet connectivity. This study also provides a framework for integrated functional model of groupware systems. The basic functions are merged into the model. However, the model is so flexible that it can partially include the quasi-functions in addition to the basic functions. In the future, it is expected that a large number of products will stem from the modification of the functional model.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.88-92
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise on functional status in stroke patients. The understanding of the course of recovery after stroke and factors affecting outcomes are important in planning and evaluation of stroke rehabilitation. Methods: To predict the outcom of stroke patient, we measured in the beginnig of rehabilitation, on 36 patients. The variables were gender, age, duration of rehabilitation treatment, motor assessment scale(MAS). Results: The patient age in 50-59 years was 41.7%. The stroke left side motor weakness were found 55.6%. The duration of rehabilitation treatment in 2-3 months was 50.0%. In the difference 24.63 for motor assessment scale after a rehabilitation treatment had significantly higher than 10.86 for motor assessment scale at initial. Gender by motor assessment scale after a rehabilitation treatment was 25.7 in male and 23.2 in female(P<0.05). Past history by motor assessment scale after a rehabilitation treatment was 26.7 in hypertension, 24.6 in cardiac disorder and 21.8 in diabetes mellitus(P<0.05). Conclusion: The subjective symptoms of motor assessment scale after a rehabilitation treatment was significantly associated with gender.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.297-305
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• 2015

AFLS (Adaptive front lighting System) is being applied to improve safety in driving automotive at night. Safe embedded system for controlling head-lamp has to be tightly designed by considering safety requirement of hardware-dependent software, which is embedded in automotive ECU(Electronic Control Unit) hardware under severe environmental noise. In this paper, we propose an adaptive headlight controller with newly-designed symmetric angle sensor compensator, which is integrated with ECU-based adaptive front light system. The proposed system, on which additional backup hardware and emergency control algorithm are integrated, effectively detects abnormal situation and restore safe status of controlling the light-angle in AFLS operations by comparing result in symmetric angle sensor. The controlled angle value is traced into internal memory in runtime and will be continuously compared with the pre-defined lookup table (LUT) with symmetric angle value, which is used in normal operation. The watch-dog concept, which is based on using angle sensor and control-value tracer, enables quick response to restore safe light-controlling state by performing the backup sequence in emergency situation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1011-1017
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• 2016

The antimicrobial effects of methanol and ethanol extracts of Inula britannica against several Helicobacter pylori strains (26695, J99, and SS1) were evaluated in vitro, to determine their applicability as functional foods. In the paper disc diffusion method, the antimicrobial effects of the I. britannica extracts against the H. pylori strains were apparent. Viable cell counting also showed that the extracts at 100 μg/ml concentration dramatically decreased the viability of the H. pylori strains. In particular, the methanol and ethanol extracts at a concentration of 100 μg/ml reduced the H. pylori SS1 cell number to 2.46 log CFU/ml and 1.08 log CFU/ml, respectively. In the presence of 100 μg/ml extracts, the urease production of H. pylori SS1 was decreased to more than 30%, whereas that of H. pylori J99 and H. pylori 26695 was decreased to about 20%, relative to the controls. The extracts inhibited the attachment of the H. pylori strains to human gastric AGS cells as well as caused the detachment of already attached H. pylori cells. In addition, the H. pylori morphology was changed to a coccoidal shape in the presence of the extracts. In conclusion, the I. britannica extracts were effective against H. pylori strains in vitro, irrespective of genotype status, and could therefore be used as novel functional foods.

• 산업공학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.211-225
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• 1998

As mentioned in Part I all groupware products have been categorized into three areas which include cooperation/document management systems(CMS), collaborative writing systems(CWS), and decision-making/meeting system(DMS). This study deals with a comparative analysis of the last two areas, which is added to the first. It turns out that DMS has a higher market share than CWS. However. since effective collaboration requires the functions inherent to these two systems. they should be integrated somehow. The systems' functions that have been implemented in response to design issues have been described. Each group of the functions has been divided into three parts which consist of basic function, quasi-basic function. and others. Such a decision has been made according to the frequency rate of the functions provided in the products. While the basic functions in CWS include collaboraive writing beyond restriction of time and place, group awareness. version control. and others, in DMS realtime collaboration. brainstorming. presentation. various task support. policy formation. document management, multimedia, subgroup communication. topic commenter, categorizer, screen capture and various rile transfer. The basic functions are merged into the integrated functional model which was proposed in Part I. Since the model is so flexible that it can partially include the quasi-functions in addition to the hasic functions. a large number of products may stem from the modification of the functional model.