• Title/Summary/Keyword: Functional Elements

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Comparative Analysis of the Design Elements for Public Space in Compact City type Multi-Use Complex - Focused on the Central City, COEX and Western Dome Facility - (디자인 계획요소로 본 컴팩트 시티형 복합용도시설의 공공공간 - 센트럴 시티, 코엑스, 웨스턴돔의 비교연구를 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Sun-Young
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.126-135
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    • 2010
  • As public space such as plaza and square in the compact city type multi-use complex is a social public space that various communication and cultural exchange take places in city environment. The purpose of this study is to analyse and categorize the design elements as a valuation basis for the public space in the compact city type multi-use complex. The scope of contents of this study is focused on the Central City, COEX and Western Dome facilities in Korea. This study review based on the previous studies and statistical analysis about questionnaires obtained from 131 users of three facilities were conducted for this study. The results of the survey as follows accessibility, comfort, exchange were extracted as the aspects for evaluation for functional activity and connection, openness, hierarchy were extracted as the aspects for evaluation for space formation. The K facility's priority aspect is the accessibility and the S and the W facilities' are the openness.

A study of the application of design elements for developing interior layout in Korean lightrail system (한국형 경량전철의 실내 공간 배치를 위한 디자인 요소 추출 및 적용에 관한 연구)

  • 최출헌
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • no.38
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    • pp.182-191
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    • 2003
  • Until now, the carriage's design has been performed by built-carriage engineers in urban railway company without the notion of railway design. Furthermore, there is no prominent change the shape of exterior and interior design between the 1970's trains and the latest one. In terms of the notion of interior space, there are a lot of differences between Oriental and Western, also region of each countries. Especially, Among Orientals, Korean is not good at utilizing the small space and react effectively as compared to Japanese. Therefore, the interior space of public transportation needs to be relatively developed to highly reasonable level in Korea. The purpose of this paper is to apply vernacular design elements for developing interior design in Korean lightrail, which is the next generation public transportation. In order to develope ideal interior design, the interior layout in carriage considers the emotional aspect as well as functional one. Also, the research of vernacular design in urban train can provide national character and traditional design and can make a success in a practical use and a visual effect. This study focused on the application of vernacular design elements for developing the design-processed model will be proposed the outline of interior layout and the shape of interior trims in the public transportation in Korea.

Effect of Addition Elements on the Production of the 2-17 Type High Performance of the Rare Earth Permanent Magnet Materials by the Reduction and Diffusion Process (환원·확산법에 의한 2-17형 고성능 희토류영구자석 재료의 제조에 있어서 첨가원소의 영향)

  • Song, Chang-Been;Cho, Tong-Rae
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.333-339
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    • 1995
  • The reduction and diffusion process(R-D process) is an economical way to produce the functional materials which contain rare-earth elements and has been applied to the production of rare-earth magnet meterials($SmCo_5$, $Nd_{15}Fe_{77}B_8$), magneto-optical(MO) target materials and hydrogen storage alloy, etc. However, because of difficult to control of the final composition, the R-D process has not been applied to production of the 2-17 type rare earth permanent magnet materials which contain several elements. Therefore, this work was as a basic study for the production of the 2-17 type rare earth permanent materials with composition $Sm(Co_{0.72}Fe_{0.21}Cu_{0.05}Zr_{0.03})_{7.9}$ by the R-D process, the following were mainy examined ; the amount of metallic calcium as a reductant, homogenization condition of the alloy after the R-D reaction, masuring of magnetic properties of the sample after step aging. The sample prepared by the R-D process contained a little more oxygen than that prepared by the melting method, however, showed almost the same magnetic properties.

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Osteological development of wild-captured larvae and a juvenile Sebastes koreanus (Pisces, Scorpaenoidei) from the Yellow Sea

  • Yu, Hyo Jae;Kim, Jin-Koo
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.20.1-20.12
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    • 2016
  • The osteological development in Sebastes koreanus is described and illustrated on the basis of 32 larvae [6.11-11.10 mm body length (BL)] and a single juvenile (18.60 mm BL) collected from the Yellow Sea. The first-ossified skeletal elements, which are related to feeding, swimming, and respiration, appear in larvae of 6.27 mm BL; these include the jaw bones, palatine, opercular, hyoid arch, and pectoral girdle. All skeletal elements are fully ossified in the juvenile observed in the study. Ossification of the neurocranium started in the frontal, pterotic, and parietal regions at 6.27 mm BL, and then in the parasphenoid and basioccipital regions at 8.17 mm BL. The vertebrae had started to ossify at ~7.17 mm BL, and their ossification was nearly complete at 11.10 mm BL. In the juvenile, although ossification of the pectoral girdle was fully complete, the fusion of the scapula and uppermost radial had not yet occurred. Thus, the scapula and uppermost radial fuse during or after the juvenile stage. The five hypurals in the caudal skeleton were also fused to form three hypural elements. The osteological results are discussed from a functional viewpoint and in terms of the comparative osteological development in related species.

A Study on Classification and Preference of Physical Features in Front Plaza of Department Store (백화점 전면광장의 물리적 특성 유형화 및 선호도 연구)

  • 정용문;김중재;변재상
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.91-105
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    • 2004
  • Recently the function of a department store has changed to the concept of a multi-functional center because of the alternative stores such as discount stores, home shopping, and internet shopping. This means that the front plaza of a department store is not a personal or private space any more, but a public space. This study focuses on the special character of public space through the classification and preference types of department store front plazas. The major results of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) Components of front plaza of department store are classified by three factors. The first factor, named "space limit", has 14 elements ; the second, named "space decoration" has 16 elements ; third, named "activity", has 2 elements. The first preferred element is easily- used and easily- serviced wide space. The second preferred element is the equipment that is placed linearly along the street. The third preferred element is cultural events. (2) The comparison between the frequency and preference shows that the plazas could not satisfy the user-needs. (3) Preference factors of front plazas were examined to three characters such as familiarity, peculiarity, and openness. Familiarity, peculiarity, openness have a positive correlation in all types. Peculiarity especially influences the other two space - preference factors.

Development of TEM Coil for Animal Experiments at 3T MRI System

  • Chu, Myung-Ja;Choe, Bo-Young;Kim, Kyung-Nam;Chung, Sung-Taek;Oh, Chang-Hyun;Lee, Hyoung-Koo;Suh, Tae-Suk
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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    • 2002.09a
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    • pp.365-366
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    • 2002
  • A novel TEM resonator coil was developed for the imaging of small animals. The functional elements of the TEM resonator were 8 inner conductors, distributed in a cylindrical pattern and connected at the ends with capacitors to the cylindrical outer shield. The TEM resonator coil with cavity elements was robust to the surrounding influences due to the self-shielding structure. The TEM resonator coil with high Q factor could provide high quality MR images at 3.0T MRI system. Also, the TEM resonator coil has an advantage for a fine tune with length adjustment of each cavity elements. Thus, The TEM resonator coil at 3.0T, even higher field could be used in the research studies.

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A Study on the Location of Game-themed Music by PC Game Genre : Focusing on types of music, structural elements of music, and images (PC게임 장르에 따른 게임 테마음악의 위치화 연구 : 음악종류, 음악의 구조적 요소, 이미지를 중심으로)

  • Park, Kwan-Ik;Hwang, Kyung-Ho;Lee, Hyung-Seok
    • Journal of Korea Game Society
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.75-90
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to identify the functional role of music, which is one of the main elements that make up PC games. To this end, theme music by genre of PC game was divided through analysis and then the relationship between variables was analyzed by visually positioning the distance between 'music type', 'structural element of music' and 'image' using multiple correspondence matching analysis. As a result, it was confirmed that there was a difference in location between the types of music by game genre, the structural elements of music, and the characteristics of the image.

Bacterial Effects on Geochemical Behavior of Elements : An Overview on Recent Geomicrobiological Issues (원소의 지구화학적 거동에 미치는 박테리아의 영향 : 지구미생물학의 최근 연구 동향)

  • 이종운;전효택
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.353-365
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    • 2000
  • After their first appearance on Earth, bacteria have exerted significant influence on geochemical behavior of elements. Numerous evidence of their control on geochemistry through geologic history has been observed in a variety of natural environments. They have mediated weathering rate, formation of secondary minerals, redox transformation of metals and metalloids, and thus global cycling of elements. Such ability of bacteria receives so considerable attention from microbiologists, mineralogists, geologists, soil scientists, limnologists, oceanographers, and atmospheric scientists as well as geochemists that a new and interdisciplinary field of research called 'geomicrobiology' is currently expanding. Some recent subjects of geomicrobiology which are studied extensively are as follows: 1) Functional groups distributed on bacterial cell walls adsorb dissolved cations onto cell surfaces by electrostatic surface complexation, which is followed by hydrous mineral formation. 2) Dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria conserve energy to support growth by oxidation of organic matter coupled to reduction of some oxidized metals and/or metalloids. They can be effectively used in remediating environments contaminated with U, As, Se, and Cr. 3) Bacteria increase the rate of mineral dissolution by excreting proton and ligands such as organic acids into aqueous system. 4) Thorough investigation on the effects of biofilm on geochemical processes is needed, because most bacteria are adsorbed on solid substrates and form biofilms in natural settings.

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Developing a Drawing Template for BIM software to Improve BIM-based Drawing Work Efficiency in the Construction Document Phase (실시설계단계 BIM 기반 도면 작업 효율 향상을 위한 도면화 템플릿 개발)

  • Kim, Yi-Je;Kim, In-Chie;Chin, Sang-Yoon
    • Journal of KIBIM
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.98-109
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    • 2020
  • Based on the prior research which developed the consistency review checklist of the BIM model and 2D drawing through the drawing analysis of the construction documents phase, the apparent limits of the existing template and the template development items were derived. As well, the BIM-based drawing templates of the construction documentation phase were developed and verified using ArchiCAD BIM software. The developed template was then applied to the actual project model in the construction documents phase, and, as a result, 50% of existing work elements could be utilized as templates. This is an increase of more than 30% over the existing template utilization elements, and it is analyzed to be effective in practical application and utilization. Based on the results of this study, if the BIM model construction criteria matching the drawing's utilization purpose are presented, while at the same time the BIM data interlocking and drawing template development studies are conducted, the utilization of BIM data can be maximized and additional drawing work can be minimized to increase the percentage of template utilization elements. In addition, it is believed that this can employed to address functional and institutional problems of BIM-based drawing and make a contribution to the activation of BIM.

Dynamic analysis of a functionally graded tapered rotating shaft under thermal load via differential quadrature finite elements method

  • Fethi, Hadjoui;Ahmed, Saimi;Ismail, Bensaid;Abdelhamid, Hadjoui
    • Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.19-49
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    • 2023
  • The present study proposes a theoretical and numerical investigation on the dynamic response behaviour of a functional graded (FG) ceramic-metal tapered rotor shaft system, by the differential quadrature finite elements method (DQFEM) to identify the natural frequencies for modelling and analysis of the structure with suitable validations. The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of heat gradients on the natural frequency of rotation of FG shafts via three-dimensional solid elements, as well as a theoretical examination using the Timoshenko beam mode, which took into account the gyroscopic effect and rotational inertia. The functionally graded material's distribution is described by two distribution laws: the power law and the exponential law. To simulate varied thermal conditions, radial temperature distributions are obtained using the nonlinear temperature distribution (NLTD) and exponential temperature distribution (ETD) approaches. This work deals with the results of the effect on the fundamental frequencies of different material's laws gradation and temperature gradients distributions. Attempts are conducted to identify adequate explanations for the behaviours based on material characteristics. The effect of taper angle and material distribution on the dynamic behaviour of the FG conical rotor system is discussed.