• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.143-148
• /
• 2016

Objective: This study aimed to quantify one of the useful upper extremity movements to evaluate motor control abilities between the groups of people with mild and moderate arm impairments performing a door handling task. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty-one healthy participants and twenty-one persons with chronic stroke (9 mild stroke and 12 moderate stroke) were recruited for this study. Stroke participants were divided into 2 groups based on Fugle-Meyer Assessment scores of 58-65 (mild arm) and 38-57 (moderate arm). All they performed door handling task including the pronation and supination phases 3 times. We measured some movement factors which were reaction time, movement time, hand of peak velocity, hand of movement units to perform door handling task using the three-dimensional motion analysis. Results: The majority of kinematic variables showed significant differences among study groups (p<0.05). The reaction time, total and phase of movement time, hand of peak velocity, the number of movement units discriminated between healthy participants and persons with moderate upper limb stroke (p<0.05). In addition, reaction time, total and phase of movement time, the number of movement units discriminated between those with moderate and mild upper limbs of stroke patients (p<0.05). Conclusions: Three-dimensional kinematic motion analysis in this study was a useful tool for assessing the upper extremity function in different subgroups of people with stroke during the door handling task. These kinematic variables may help clinicians understand the arm movements in door handling task and consist of discriminative therapeutic interventions for stroke patients on upper extremity rehabilitation.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.21-27
• /
• 2018

It is difficult to fabricate and maintain moving parts of expander at cryogenic temperature. This paper describes numerical analysis and experimental investigation on a cryogenic reciprocating expander without moving piston. An intake valve which takes high-pressure gas, and an exhaust valve which discharges low-pressure gas, are connected to a tube. The inside pressure of the tube is pulsated for work production. This geometric configuration is similar to that of pulse tube refrigerator but without regenerator. An orifice valve and a reservoir are installed to control the phase of the mass flow and the pressure. At the warm end, a heat exchanger rejects the heat which is converted from the produced work of the expanded gas. For the numerical analysis, mass conservation, energy conservation, and local mass function for valves are used as the governing equations. Before performing cryogenic experiments, we carried out the expander test at room temperature and compared the performance results with the numerical results. For cryogenic experiments, the gas is pre-cooled by liquid nitrogen, and then it enters the pulse tube expander. The experiments are controlled by the opening of the orifice valve. Numerical analysis also found the expander conditions that optimize the expander performance by changing the intake pressure and valve timing as well as the opening of the orifice valve. This paper discusses the experimental data and the numerical analysis results to understand the fundamental behavior of such a newly developed non-mechanical expander and elucidate its potential feature for cryogenic application.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.38-46
• /
• 2016

Purpose: study for discriminating method of origin side vibration from non-symptomatic clicking group. Materials and Methods: 60 joints vibrations of 30 subjects in non-symptomatic clicking group was recorded via subject's awareness, examiner's palpation and JVA analysis. Origin side vibration was discriminated with consideration for frequency spectrum, time delay and phase shift of waveforms, analysis of numeric values. Results: There were all unilateral vibrations with JVA analysis and number of origin vibrations were 42. 11 pairs of vibrations showed time delay and phase shift and transferred side vibrations showed smaller values of total integral and bigger values of > 300 / < 300 ratio than origin side vibrations except one pair of vibrations. Also as the ipsi-lateral joint vibrations with smaller values of total integral showed bigger values of > 300 / < 300 ratio than the contra-lateral joint vibrations and there all ipsi-lateral vibrations were showed small values of total integral below 10 and hard to detect time delay and phase shift. So the features were used in discrimination of origin side vibrations. Conclusion: There should be all-around considerations for discrimination of origin side vibrations that is frequency spectrum, phase shift and time delay and analysis of numeric values.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.419-426
• /
• 2012

A transient, three-dimensional, two-phase flow analysis code, CUPID, has been developed in KAERI. In this work, we performed a preliminary analysis using the CUPID code to investigate the thermal-hydraulic behavior of the moderator in the Calandria vessel of a CANDU reactor. At first, we validated the CUPID code using the three experiments that were performed at Stern Laboratories Inc. To avoid the complexity to generate computational mesh around the Calandria tube bundles, a porous media approach was applied for the region. The pressure drop in the porous media zone was modeled by an empirical correlation. The results of the calculations showed that the CUPID code can predict the mixed flow pattern of forced and natural convection inside the Calandria vessel very well. Thereafter, the analysis was extended to a two-phase flow condition. Also, the local maximum temperature in the Calandria vessel was plotted as a function of the injection flow rate, which may be utilized to predict the local subcooling margin.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.65-71
• /
• 2004

A multi-attribute utility analysis was investigated as a tool for the decision support of countermeasures in early phase of a nuclear accident. The utility function of attributes was assumed to be the second order polynomial expressions, and the weighting constant of attributes was determined using a swing weighting method. Because the main objective of this study focuses on the applicability of a multi-attribute utility analysis as a tool for the decision support of countermeasures in early phase of a nuclear accident, less quantifiable attributes were not included due to lack of information. In postulated accidental scenarios for the application of the designed methodology, the variation of the numerical values of total utility for the considered actions, e.g. sheltering, evacuation and no action, was investigated according to the variation of attributes. As a result, it was shown that the numerical values of total utility for the actions are distinctly different depending on the exposure dose and monetary value of dose. As increasing in both attributes, the rank of the numerical values of total utility increased for evacuation, which is more extreme action than for sheltering, while that of no action decreased. As expected probability of high dose is higher, the break-even values for the monetary value of dose, which are the monetary value of dose when the ranking of actions is changed, were lower. In audition, as aversion psychology for dose is higher, the break-even values for dose were lower.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.216-224
• /
• 2006

Purpose : This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Mokhyangsaenghwa-tang beverage on postpartum recovery and lactation. One theory of oriental medical treatment for postpartum care is focused on increasing vitality and building up blood. Saengwha-tang are representative remedies for these respective principle of treatment. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the clinical effects of Mokhyangsaenghwa-tang on blood components, Body weight, BMI and prolactin level in postpartum. Methods : 65 postpartum women applied for this study, and 30 of them were included in this study. They were divided two groups. The experimental group were treated by Mokhyangsaenghwa-tang beverage, the control group were treated by citron beverage during 40 days. Then we observed the changes of the body weight, BMI, complete blood cell count, liver function test, renal function test, level of serum prolactin, Urine analysis and general conditon Questionnaire among baseline(before treatment), 1st phase(after 20 days treatment) and 2nd phase(after 40 days treatment). Results : After taking Mokhyangsaenghwa-tang beverage, body weight, body water, edema index, prolactin ana general condtion became better, but they were not statistically significant. Conclusion : This study shows that Mokhyangsaenghwa-tang can improve postpartum recovery, but more research is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2007

A hybrid experimental-numerical method is presented for determining the stresses around a circular hole in a finite-width, tensile loaded plate. Measured fringe orders along straight lines provided the input information on the external boundary of the hybrid element. In order to see the effects of varying stress field, different numbers of terms in a power-series representation of the complex type conformal mapping stress function were tested. For qualitative comparison, actual isochromatic fringes were compared with reconstructed theoretical fringes using stress-optic law. For quantitative comparison, relative errors and standard deviations with respective to relative errors were analyzed for all measured points by changing the number of terms of stress function. The hybrid results are highly comparable with those predicted by FEA. The results show that this approach is effective and promising because isochromatic data along the straight lines in photoelasticity can be conveniently measured by use of phase shifting photoelasticity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.22-29
• /
• 2002

Usually, much harmonics are included and cause harmonic loss of motor, torque pulsation, electro-magnetic noise and shock etc. by switching function of inverter when drive induction motor variableness inside. It applied partial resonant Buck converter and three phase voltage type SPWM inverter circuit to induction motor driving system in this paper that see to solve such problem. Changed operation condition variously to do input current of circuit that propose sine-wave by unit power factor almost and capacitor supplied bringing back to life voltage by power supply arranging properly assistance diode and electric power switching. Power factor and efficiency improved as that minimize variation of input at power supply voltage polarity reverse by that add voltage reversal function. Also, by using output filter, reduced harmonic of output line to line voltage components, and introduce state space analysis and forecast operation of rectifier. Such all items confirmed validity through simulation and an experiment.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
• /
• v.8D no.6
• /
• pp.835-842
• /
• 2001

We propose a software-reliability growth model incoporating the amount of testing effort expended during the software testing phase. The time-dependent behavior of testing effort expenditures is described by a Weibull curve. Assuming that the error detection rate to the amount of testing effort spent during the testing phase is proportional to the current error content, a software-reliability growth model is formulated by a nonhomogeneous Poisson process. Using this model the method of data analysis for software reliability measurement is developed. After defining a software reliability, we discuss the relations between testing time and reliability and between duration following failure fixing and reliability are studied in this paper. The release time making the testing cost to be minimum is determined through studying the cost for each condition. Also, the release time is determined depending on the conditions of the specified reliability. The optimum release time is determined by simultaneously studying optimum release time issue that determines both the cost related time and the specified reliability related time.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2017

Recently, studying chaotic dynamic have been concerned by many researchers in areas of physics, chemistry, mathematics, engineering and social science. Especially, model of addiction, happiness, family and love become major research subjects in the social science. Among these models, love is one of the four emotions that human being have. There are many definitions for love, however, each definitions of love does not coincide with each other. Recently, one of the most important efforts for research is love and it is represented by derivative equation. Then they try to find nonlinear or chaotic behavior from this derivative equation. This paper propose Gaussian fuzzy membership function in order to make external force that are close to action and awareness of human based on love model of Romeo and Juliet with external force. This paper also confirms the existence of nonlinear characteristics through time series and phase portrait.