• Title/Summary/Keyword: Fully driving

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Flexible Active-Matrix Electrophoretic Display With Integrated Scan-And Data-Drivers

  • Miyazaki, Atsushi;Kawai, Hideyuki;Miyasaka, Mitsutoshi;Inoue, Satoshi;Shimoda, Tatsuya
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2004.08a
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    • pp.153-156
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    • 2004
  • A newly developed flexible active-matrix (AM-) electrophoretic display (EPD) is reported. The AM-EPD features: (1) low-temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) thin film transistor (TFT) technology, (2) fully integrated scan- and data-drivers, (3) flexibility and light-weight realized by transferring the whole circuits onto a plastic substrate using $SUFTLA^{TM}$ (Surface Free Technology by Laser Annealing/Ablation) process. A large storage capacitor is formed in each pixel so that driving electric field can be kept sufficiently strong during a writing period Two-phase driving scheme, a reset-phase which erases a previous image and a writing-phase for writing a new image, was chosen to cope with EPD's high driving voltage. The flexible AM-EPD has been successfully operated with a driving voltage of 8.5 V.

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Development of a Full-Scale Driving Simulator for Human Sensibility Ergonomics Study

  • Lee, Woon-Sung;Cho, Jun-Hee;Park, Dong-Chan;Yoo, Seung-Chul;Shin, Jun-Su
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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    • 2000.04a
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    • pp.352-357
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    • 2000
  • A full-scale driving simulator is being developed as an effective test-bed for reproducing realistic driving situation in a safe and tightly controlled environment and conducting various human sensibility ergonomics studies. The simulator will be equipped with a 6 degree-of-freedom, high frequency motion base and a 4 channel, wide field-of-view visual system. The simulator will be fully interactive, highly realistic, and yet economical, taking advantages of the fast growing PC technology.

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A RLS-based Convergent Algorithm for Driving Characteristic Classification for Personalized Autonomous Driving (자율주행 개인화를 위한 순환 최소자승 기반 융합형 주행특성 구분 알고리즘)

  • Oh, Kwang-Seok
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.8 no.9
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    • pp.285-292
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    • 2017
  • This paper describes a recursive least-squares based convergent algorithm for driving characteristic classification for personalized autonomous driving. Recently, various researches on autonomous driving technology have been conducted for level 4 fully autonomous driving. In order for commercialization of the autonomous vehicle, personalized autonomous driving is required to minimize passenger's insecureness to the autonomous vehicle. To address this problem. this study proposes mathematical model that represents driving characteristics and recursive least-squares based algorithm that can estimate the defined characteristics. The actual data of two drivers has been used to derive driving characteristics and the hypothesis testing method has been used to classify two drivers. It is shown that the proposed algorithms can derive driving characteristics and classify two drivers reasonably.

The Efficiency Characteristics of Electric Vehicle (EV) According to the Diverse Driving Modes and Test Conditions (다양한 주행모드 및 시험 조건에 따른 전기자동차 효율 특성)

  • LEE, MIN-HO;KIM, SUNG-WOO;KIM, KI-HO
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.56-62
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    • 2017
  • Although most electricity production contributes to air pollution, the vehicle organizations and environmental agency categorizes all EVs as zero-emission vehicles because they produce no direct exhaust or emissions. Currently available EVs have a shorter range per charge than most conventional vehicles have per tank of gas. EVs manufacturers typically target a range of 160 km over on a fully charged battery. The energy efficiency and driving range of EVs varies substantially based on driving conditions and driving habits. Extreme outside temperatures tend to reduce range, because more energy must be used to heat or cool the cabin. High driving speeds reduce range because of the energy required to overcome increased drag. Compared with gradual acceleration, rapid acceleration reduces range. Additional devices significant inclines also reduces range. Based on these driving modes and climate conditions, this paper discusses the performance characteristics of EVs on energy efficiency and driving range. Test vehicles were divided by low / high-speed EVs. The difference of test vehicles are on the vehicle speed and size. Low-speed EVs is a denomination for battery EVs that are legally limited to roads with posted speed limits as high as 72 km/h depending on the particular laws, usually are built to have a top speed of 60 km/h, and have a maximum loaded weight of 1,400 kg. Each vehicle test was performed according to the driving modes and test temperature ($-25^{\circ}C{\sim}35^{\circ}C$). It has a great influence on fuel efficiency amd driving distance according to test temperature conditions.

Structure Analysis and Loading Test of Torque arm for Driving Gear Unit of Unique Model (독자모델 감속구동장치 토크암의 구조해석 및 하중시험에 관한 연구)

  • Cha Soo-Deok;Choi Jin-Wook;Yu Jai-Il;Lee Min-Soo
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2004.10a
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    • pp.211-215
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    • 2004
  • This paper describes the result of structure analysis and load test of torque arm for driving gear unit. The purpose of the analysis and test is to evaluate an safety which torque arm shall be considered fully sufficient rigidity so as to satisfy proper system function under maximum load. Driving gear unit consist of gearbox and torque arm. Both components, torque arm is significant component subjected to the vehicle and motor loads. The evaluation methode is used the FEM analysis, static and fatigue test. The test results have been very safety and stable for design load conditions.

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Design and experimentation of remote driving system for robotic speed sprayer operating in orchard environment

  • Wonpil, Yu;Soohwan Song
    • ETRI Journal
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    • v.45 no.3
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    • pp.479-491
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    • 2023
  • The automation of agricultural machines is an irreversible trend considering the demand for improved productivity and lack of labor in handling agricultural tasks. Unstructured working environments and weather often inhibit a seemingly simple task from being fully autonomously performed. In this context, we propose a remote driving system (RDS) to aid agricultural machines designed to operate autonomously. Particularly, we modify a commercial speed sprayer for orchard environments into a robotic speed sprayer to evaluate the proposed RDS's usability and test three sensor configurations in terms of human performance. Furthermore, we propose a confidence error ellipsebased task performance measure to evaluate human performance. In addition, we present field experimental results describing how the sensor configurations affect human performance. We find that a combination of a semiautonomous line tracking device and a wide-angle camera is the most effective for spraying. Finally, we discuss how to improve the proposed RDS in terms of usability and obtain a more accurate measure of human performance.

New Gray Scale Implementaion Method for Improving Dynamic False Contours in ac PDPs (동영상 의사윤곽 개선을 위한 새로운 ac PDP 계조구현 방법)

  • Jung Young-Ho;Jeong Ju Young
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2004
  • We developed a new PDP gray scale implementation method on the basis of the quantized memory addressing(QMA) principle. We defined three wall charge states; 'fully-on', 'off', and 'half-on', by controlling the width of address pulses. With these three wall charge state, we were able to express 255 level gray scale with only 7 sub-fields. Furthermore, in contrast to the conventional driving methods, the sub-field combinations for any two adjacent gray levels differ by only 1 sub-field, at worst, and therefore, eliminate the dynamic false contours. Since this method use 7 sub-field, the sustain discharge Period is increased by more than $70\%$ compared to the 12 sub-field method which reduces the dynamic false contours.

Accurate Parked Vehicle Detection using GMM-based 3D Vehicle Model in Complex Urban Environments (가우시안 혼합모델 기반 3차원 차량 모델을 이용한 복잡한 도시환경에서의 정확한 주차 차량 검출 방법)

  • Cho, Younggun;Roh, Hyun Chul;Chung, Myung Jin
    • The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.33-41
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    • 2015
  • Recent developments in robotics and intelligent vehicle area, bring interests of people in an autonomous driving ability and advanced driving assistance system. Especially fully automatic parking ability is one of the key issues of intelligent vehicles, and accurate parked vehicles detection is essential for this issue. In previous researches, many types of sensors are used for detecting vehicles, 2D LiDAR is popular since it offers accurate range information without preprocessing. The L shape feature is most popular 2D feature for vehicle detection, however it has an ambiguity on different objects such as building, bushes and this occurs misdetection problem. Therefore we propose the accurate vehicle detection method by using a 3D complete vehicle model in 3D point clouds acquired from front inclined 2D LiDAR. The proposed method is decomposed into two steps: vehicle candidate extraction, vehicle detection. By combination of L shape feature and point clouds segmentation, we extract the objects which are highly related to vehicles and apply 3D model to detect vehicles accurately. The method guarantees high detection performance and gives plentiful information for autonomous parking. To evaluate the method, we use various parking situation in complex urban scene data. Experimental results shows the qualitative and quantitative performance efficiently.

Air-Barrier Width Prediction of Interior Permanent Magnet Motor for Electric Vehicle Considering Fatigue Failure by Centrifugal Force

  • Kim, Sung-Jin;Jung, Sang-Yong;Kim, Yong-Jae
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.952-957
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    • 2015
  • Recently, the interior permanent magnet (IPM) motors for electric vehicle (EV) traction motor are being extensively researched because of its high energy density and high efficiency. The traction motor for EV requires high power and high efficiency at the wide driving region. Therefore, it is essential to fully consider the characteristics of the motor from low speed to high-speed driving regions. Especially, when the motor is driven at high speed, a significant centrifugal force is applied to the rotor. Thus, the rotor must be stably structured and be fully endured at the critical speed. In this paper, aims to examine the characteristics of the IPM motor by adjusting the width of air-barrier according to the permanent magnet position which is critical in designing an IPM motor for EV traction motors and to conduct a centrifugal force analysis for grasping mechanical safety.

Design of Interior Space for Psychological Safety of Passengers according to In-Vehicle Activity of Fully Autonomous Vehicle (완전자율주행자동차 실내행위 유형에 따른 탑승자의 심리적 안전성 확보를 위한 실내 공간 설계)

  • Ryu, Ji Min;Kwon, Ju Yeong;Ju, Da Young
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.13-24
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    • 2021
  • In level 5 (mind-off) of autonomous driving, the autonomous vehicle passengers are expected to have various activities such as face-to-face meetings, working, relaxing, and watching movies. In particular, various changes in the interior space of the vehicle are expected. Moreover, according to the survey conducted by the American Automobile Association, 73% of the respondents reported that they were afraid to board autonomous vehicles. In level 5 of autonomous driving, the subject of safety was expected to be transferred to autonomous vehicles; thus, research should be conducted from the user's perspective. Recently, various studies have been conducted to secure the safety of fully autonomous vehicles. However, there are limited studies addressing the psychological safety of actual passengers. Therefore, this study conducted a questionnaire based on the AHP technique. Consequently, the automobile safety system's priority for securing passengers' psychological safety according to each type of indoor behavior was derived, and the interior space for securing the psychological stability of passengers was suggested based on the obtained results. This study offers a new direction for interior space design, satisfying the psychological safety of passengers. This study is important because it advocates that the interior environment of fully autonomous driving cars is expected to be designed to secure the user's psychological safety.