• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2016

The global performance of the 5 MW OC4 semisubmersible floating wind turbine in random waves with or without steady/dynamic winds is numerically simulated by using the turbine-floater-mooring fully coupled dynamic analysis program FAST-CHARM3D in time domain. The numerical simulations are based on the complete second-order diffraction/radiation potential formulations along with nonlinear viscous-drag force estimations at the body's instantaneous position. The sensitivity of hull motions and mooring dynamics with varying wave-kinematics extrapolation methods above MWL(mean-water level) and column drag coefficients is investigated. The effects of steady and dynamic winds are also illustrated. When dynamic wind is added to the irregular waves, it additionally introduces low-frequency wind loading and aerodynamic damping. The numerically simulated results for the 5 MW OC4 semisubmersible floating wind turbine by FAST-CHARM3D are also extensively compared with the DeepCWind model-test results by Technip/NREL/UMaine. Those numerical-simulation results have good correlation with experimental results for all the cases considered.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.89-100
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• 2006

최근 지진에 대해서 상대적으로 안전하다고 생각되던 지역 및 나라에서 비교적 큰 규모의 지진이 발생하여 수많은 인명 및 재산피해를 발생시키고 있으며, 국내에서 발생되는 지진의 횟수도 급증하고 있는 것으로 보고되어지고 있다. 이러한 이유로 최근의 건설공사는 대형 구조물뿐만 아니라 비교적 규모가 작은 저수지 댐까지 체계적인 내진설계를 거쳐 지진에 대하여 안정성을 확보하도록 계획하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내에서 신설되는 주요 저수지 댐에 대하여 지진에 대한 안정성 확보 여부를 확인하고자 내진성능 평가를 수행하였다. 신설되는 저수지 댐에 대하여 단주기파, 장주기파 및 인공지진파로 SHAKE 프로그램을 이용한 지진응답해석을 시행하였으며, 그 결과를 활용해 저수지 댐의 지반 액상화에 대한 안정해석을 시행하였다(액상화 간편예측법). 또한 가능한 실제 지반의 거동과 유사하게 수치해석을 모사하기 위해서 간극수압-지반 상호작용을 고려하는 완전연계해석(Fully Coupled Analysis)을 수행하여 과잉간극수압변화와 지반 동적 변형특성을 검토하였다.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2000년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.72-77
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• 2000

This paper presents the results of the application of a computational fluid dynamics algorithm for the simulation of plasma flows of arc-heated jet. The underlying physical model is based on the axisymmetric form of the conservation equations that are coupled with an arc model including Ohm heating, electromagnetic forces. The arc model given as a source term in fluid dynamic equations is determined by a solution of electric potential field governed by an elliptic partial differential equation. The governing equation of electric field is loosely coupled with fluid dynamic equations by an electric conductivity that is a function of state variables. However, the electric fields and flow fields cannot be solved In fully coupled manner, but should be solved iteratively due to the different characteristics of governing equations. With this solution approach, several applications of arc flow analysis will be presented including Arc Thruster and Circuit Breaker.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.287-312
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• 2023

The global performance of a 15 MW floating offshore wind turbine, a newly designed semisubmersible floating foundation with multiple heave plates by CNOOC, is investigated with two independent turbine-floater-mooring coupled dynamic analysis programs CHARM3D-FAST and OrcaFlex. The semisubmersible platform hosts IEA 15 MW reference wind turbine modulated for VolturnUS-S and hybrid type (chain-wire-chain with clumps) 3×2 mooring lines targeting the water depth of 100 m. The numerical free-decay simulation results are compared with physical experiments with 1:64 scaled model in 3D wave basin, from which appropriate drag coefficients for heave plates were estimated. The tuned numerical simulation tools were then used for the feasibility and global performance analysis of the FOWT considering the 50-yr-storm condition and maximum operational condition. The effect of tower flexibility was investigated by comparing tower-base fore-aft bending moment and nacelle translational accelerations. It is found that the tower-base bending moment and nacelle accelerations can be appreciably increased due to the tower flexibility.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.261-277
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• 2015

Internal solitary waves occur due to density stratification and are nonlinear in nature. These waves have been observed in many parts of the world including the South China Sea, Andaman Sea and Sulu Sea. Their effect on floating systems has been an emerging field of interest and recent offshore developments in the South China Sea where several offshore oil and gas discoveries are located have confirmed adverse effects including large platform motions and riser system damage. A valid numerical model conforming to the physics of internal waves is implemented in this paper and the effect on a spar platform is studied. The physics of internal waves is modeled by the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, which has a general solution involving Jacobian elliptical functions. The effects of vertical density stratification are captured by solving the Taylor Goldstein equation. Fully coupled time domain analyses are conducted to estimate the effect of internal waves on a typical truss spar, which is configured to South China Sea development requirements and environmental conditions. The hull, moorings and risers are considered as an integrated system and the platform global motions are analyzed. The study could be useful for future guidance and development of offshore systems in the South China Sea and other areas where the internal wave phenomenon is prominent.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 1998

This paper investigates coupled thermal, mechanical and hydraulic phenomena in deep rock mass especially for underground heat storage system. Firstly, concepts of underground heat storage were presented and coupling phenomena in this area were illustrated. In order to understand the basic mechanism of thermal, hydraulic and deformation behavior in rock cavern disturbed by thermal gradient about 10$0^{\circ}C$, various numerical experiments were conducted using several codes. The study involves the behavior of fractured rock mass including rock joint. In spite of the limitation of codes modelling fully coupled effects, these codes could be applied in analysis of underground heat storage. The heat loss in rock mass, which is a major factor in heat storage, is insignificant in all results.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권7호
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• pp.1276-1281
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• 2010

To analyze the gas discharge phenomena in parallel-plane electrodes, the fully coupled finite element method (FEM) considering secondary electron emission effects in discharge column was adopted in this paper. Two coupled equations of the hydrodynamic diffusion-drift equations for three carriers and the Poisson's equation for electric scalar potential should be solved as a system equation. The proposed method including two secondary electron processes of the photoemission and background ionization has been successfully applied to evaluating the breakdown voltage in parallel-plane electrodes and is verified by comparing its numerical results with the experimental ones. From the obtained results, it is inferred that the proposed numerical scheme will be useful for predicting and understanding streamer transient phenomena.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2012

To predict accurately the breakdown voltage in air at atmospheric pressure, a fully coupled finite element analysis combining the hydrodynamic diffusion-drift equations with Poisson's equation is proposed in the current paper. As three kinds of charged transport particles are nonlinearly coupled with spatial electric fields, the equations should be solved by an iterative numerical scheme, in which secondary effects, such as photoemission and photoionization, are considered. The proposed method has been successfully applied to evaluate the breakdown voltage in circular parallel-plane electrodes. Its validity has been proved through the comparison of the predicted and experimental results. The effects of numerical conditions of the initial charge, photoemission, and background ionization on the discharge phenomena are quantitatively assessed through Taguchi's design of experiment method.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.5-16
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• 2002

사면 내의 지하수 유동과 사면의 안정성에 대한 강수의 영향을 평가하기 위하여 수리지질역학적 수치 모델이 제시되었다. 이 수치 모델은 변형성 지질매체 내에서의 포화-불포화 지하수 유동을 설명하는 완전 연동된 간극탄성론적 지배 방정식들과 Galerkin 유한요소법에 근거하여 개발되었다. 이렇게 개발된 완전 연동된 수리지질역학적 수치 모델은 다양한 강수량 조건 하에 있는 불포화 사면에 대한 일련의 수치모의실험에 적용되었다. 이러한 수치모의실험 결과들은 강수량이 증가할수록 사면의 전반적인 수리역학적 안정성이 저하되며 잠재적인 파괴가 사면 전단부에서부터 시작되어 사면 정상부 쪽으로 팽창됨을 보여주고 있다. 강수량이 증가함에 따라 수리지질학적으로는 압력수두와 전체 수리수두가 증가한다. 그 결과 지하수면이 상승하고 불포화대가 감소하며 삼출면이 사면 전단부로부터 사면 정상부쪽으로 팽창하고 이러한 삼출면에서의 지하수 유동 속도도 증가하게 된다. 한편 강수량이 증가함에 따라 지질역학적으로는 사면 전단부를 향해 수평 변위는 증가하지만 수직 변위는 감소하게 된다. 이는 강수량 증가에 따른 지하수면의 상승에 수반하는 부력에 기인하는 것으로 해석된다. 그 결과 사면의 전반적인 변형이 사면 전단부를 향해 심화되고 전단파괴 안전율이 1 이하인 불안전한 지역이 사면 전단부에서 두꺼워지면서 사면 전단부에서부터 사면 정상부 쪽으로 팽창하게 된다. 또한 수치모의실험 결과들은 이러한 잠재적인 전단파괴면과 지표면 사이의 지반에서는 잠재적인 인장파괴가 발생할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.163-182
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• 2020

Coupled thermo-mechanical analysis of reinforced concrete slab at elevated temperatures from a fire accounting for nonlinear thermal parameters is carried out. The main focus of the paper is put on a one-way continuous reinforced concrete slab exposed to fire from the single (bottom) side as the most typical working condition under fire loading. Although contemporary techniques alongside the fire protection measures are in constant development, in most cases it is not possible to avoid the material deterioration particularly nearby the exposed surface from a fire. Thereby the structural fire resistance of reinforced concrete slabs is mostly influenced by a relative distance between reinforcement and the exposed surface. A parametric study with variable concrete cover ranging from 15 mm to 35 mm is performed. As the first part of a one-way coupled thermo-mechanical analysis, transient nonlinear heat transfer analysis is performed by applying the net heat flux on the exposed surface. The solution of proposed heat analysis is obtained at certain time steps of interest by α-method using the explicit Euler time-integration scheme. Spatial discretization is done by the finite element method using a 1D 2-noded truss element with the temperature nodal values as unknowns. The obtained results in terms of temperature field inside the element are compared with available numerical and experimental results. A high level of agreement can be observed, implying the proposed model capable of describing the temperature field during a fire. Accompanying thermal analysis, mechanical analysis is performed in two ways. Firstly, using the guidelines given in Eurocode 2 - Part 1-2 resulting in the fire resistance rating for the aforementioned concrete cover values. The second way is a fully numerical coupled analysis carried out in general-purpose finite element software DIANA FEA. Both approaches indicate structural fire behavior similar to those observed in large-scale fire tests.