• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.227-234
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• 2020

This paper presents the methods for the modeling and parameter optimization of the electric vehicle battery. The state variables of the battery are defined, and the test methods for battery parameters are presented. The state-space equation, which consists of four state variables, and the output equation, which is a combination of to-be-determined parameters, are shown. The parameter optimization method is the key point of this study. The least square of the modeling error can be used as an initial value of the multivariable function. It is equivalent to find the minimum value of the error function to obtain optimal parameters from multivariable function. The SIMULINK model is presented, and the 10-hour full operational range test results are shown to verify the performance of the model. The modeling error for 25 degrees is approximately 1% for full operational ranges. The comments to enhance modeling accuracy are shown in the conclusion.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.545-550
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• 2009

A method fully utilizing multiscale line filter responses is presented to estimate the point spread function(PSF) of a CT scanner and diameters of small tubular structures based on the PSF. The estimation problem is formulated as a least square fitting of a sequence of multiscale responses obtained at each medical axis point to the precomputed multiscale response curve for the ideal line model. The method was validated through phantom experiments and demonstrated through phantom experiments and demonstrated to accurately measure small-diameter structures which are significantly overestimated by conventional methods based on the full width half maximum(FWHM) and zero-crossing edge detection.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.595-611
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• 2013

This paper aims to compare three collocation point methods associated with the odd order stochastic response surface method (SRSM) in a systematical and quantitative way. The SRSM with the Hermite polynomial chaos is briefly introduced first. Then, three collocation point methods, namely the point method, the root method and the without origin method underlying the odd order SRSMs are highlighted. Three examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the three methods. The results indicate that the condition that the Hermite polynomial information matrix evaluated at the collocation points has a full rank should be satisfied to yield reliability results with a sufficient accuracy. The point method and the without origin method are much more efficient than the root method, especially for the reliability problems involving a large number of random variables or requiring complex finite element analysis. The without origin method can also produce sufficiently accurate reliability results in comparison with the point and root methods. Therefore, the origin often used as a collocation point is not absolutely necessary. The odd order SRSMs with the point method and the without origin method are recommended for the reliability analysis due to their computational accuracy and efficiency. The order of SRSM has a significant influence on the results associated with the three collocation point methods. For normal random variables, the SRSM with an order equaling or exceeding the order of a performance function can produce reliability results with a sufficient accuracy. The order of SRSM should significantly exceed the order of the performance function involving strongly non-normal random variables.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.115-124
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• 2003

One of the important things in the full mouth reconstruction is the determination of therapeutic position. Centric jaw relation is used as a therapeutic position for the full mouth reconstruction. There are several techniques associated with recording this position. Five clinically acceptable techniques are as follows: 1) Swallowing or free closure, 2) Chin point guidance, 3) Bimanual method 4) Myo-monitor technique, 5) Anterior deprogrammer. Centric relation obtained utilizing the anterior acrylic resin platform in this case. Another important thing in full mouth reconstruction is provisional restoration. Provisional restorations are an excellent diagnostic instrument, especially in full remain esthetics, phonetics, function, parafunction, and dysfunction after evaluation and acceptance through clinical trial with the provisional restorations should be accurately transferred to the final restorations to ensure the same clinical success. Especially, anterior guidance should be accurately transferred to the final restorations. An accurate anterior guidance is critical for optimal esthetics, phonetics, comfort, function, stress minimization, and longevity of teeth and restorations. To record optimum anterior guidance, customized anterior guide table is used in this case. Considering previously mentioned points, we did successive treatment. And it resulted in a better situation esthetically and functionally. Followings are what we cared in treating a patient in this case. 1) Accurate centric relation recording 2) Accurate transference of anterior guidance to the final restorations.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.464-470
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• 2022

Objective: Axillary web syndrome (AWS) is a condition comprising fibrous band-like cords that appear in the axilla of patients after axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) during breast cancer surgery and result in pain and reduced mobility. The cords appearing with AWS are hardened veins or lymphatic vessels. Manual therapy and stretching are recommended for pain control and mobility improvement. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of cytoskeletal manual therapy (CMT), which is a new soft tissue mobilization technique. Design: A case report Methods: A 41-year-old woman with AWS after breast cancer surgery and ALND visited a physical therapy clinic because of shoulder pain, decreased function, and decreased mobility. The cords were palpable and pain occurred 2 weeks after surgery. CMT was performed three times per week for a total of 6 weeks. Her pain intensity, range of motion (ROM), and shoulder function were measured. Results: Measurements were performed after 2 weeks and 6 weeks of CMT and evaluated using the numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). Her pain intensity largely decreased after 2 weeks (4-point score reduction) and after 6 weeks (5-point score reduction) of CMT. After CMT, her full ROM was restored and her shoulder function was improved (7-point score reduction). Conclusions: CMT is effective for pain control, mobility improvement, and functional improvement of patients with AWS.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.252-263
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• 2011

In this work, for the first time, the quality of restoration in wide-field microscopy images after deconvolution was analyzed as a function of different Point Spread Functions using one deconvolution method, on a specimen of known size and on a biological specimen. The empirical Point Spread Function determination can significantly depend on the numerical aperture, refractive index of the embedding medium, refractive index of the immersion oil and cover slip thickness. The influence of all of these factors is shown in the same article and using the same microscope. We have found that the best deconvolution results are obtained when the empirical PSF utilized is obtained under the same conditions as the specimen. We also demonstrated that it is very important to quantitatively check the process' outcome using several quality indicators: Full-Width at Half-Maximum, Contrast-to-Noise Ratio, Signal-to-Noise Ratio and a Tenengrad-based function. We detected a significant improvement when using an indicator to measure the focus of the whole stack. Therefore, to qualitatively determinate the best deconvolved image between different conditions, one approach that we are pursuing is to use Tenengrad-based function indicators in images obtained using a wide-field microscope.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.649-654
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• 2011

Purpose: Split-or full-thickness skin grafts are used to reconstruct palmar skin and soft tissue defects after trauma or to release burn scar contracture on the hand. Glabrous skin defects should be substituted with similar skin to preserve function and aesthetics. The authors report their experiences with a technique that uses a full-thickness graft taken from glabrous skin on the ulnar edge of the palm for the reconstruction of soft tissue defects of the hand. Methods: During a three-year period from 2007 to 2010, 22 patients with burn scar contracture and 12 patients with post-traumatic skin defects on their hands were treated with full-thickness skin graft operations. The palmar skin and soft tissue defects after release of burn scar contracture or debridement of post-traumatic wounds were reconstructed with full-thickness skin grafts harvested from the ulnar border of their palms. All donor-site wounds were primarily closed. Results: The followup periods ranged from 3 to 25 months. Contractures of the hand were corrected without recurrence, and the grafts showed relatively good contour and color match to the adjacent fields. There were no reported complications such as significant color change or hypertrophic scarring. The grafted skin showed an average 5.9 mm static two-point discrimination obtained in fingertip reconstruction cases, indicating satisfactory reinnervation. Conclusion: Glabrous full-thickness grafts harvested from the palmar ulnar border is a very useful way of reconstructing soft tissue defects on hands, including fingertips, for function restoration, favorable aesthetic results, and low donor-site morbidity.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.221-230
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• 2021

This paper proposes full waveform inversion (FWI) for estimating the physical properties of a layered half-space. An FWI solution is obtained using a genetic algorithm (GA), which is a well-known global optimization approach. The dynamic responses of a layered half-space subjected to a harmonic vertical disk load are measured and compared with those calculated using the estimated physical properties. The responses are calculated using the thin-layer method, which is accurate and efficient for layered media. Subsequently, a numerical model is constructed for a layered half-space using mid-point integrated finite elements and perfectly matched discrete layers. An objective function of the global optimization problem is defined as the L2-norm of the difference between the observed and estimated responses. A GA is used to minimize the objective function and obtain a solution for the FWI. The accuracy of the proposed approach is applied to various problems involving layered half-spaces. The results verify that the proposed FWI based on a GA is suitable for estimating the material properties of a layered half-space, even when the measured responses include measurement noise.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.spc1
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• pp.117-124
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• 2003

Pre-launch calibration data have been analyzed for evaluating the point spread function (PSF) of Yohkoh Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT). Especially, it is found crucial that the effect of undersampling should be treated properly. The best fit solution of the SXT PSF, which is modeled by an elliptical Moffat function, has been derived by the comparison with the ground experiment data. In order to examine the off-axis variation of the SXT PSF, we need to define in advance the location of the optical axis on the CCD. According to the previous studies, the off-axis variation of effective area (the vignetting function) may be approximated either by two non-concentric cones or by a cone with some flat distortions. There have been, however, no fully approved representations for the SXT vignetting effect. The effect of the shift of the optical axis from the geometrical center of the telescope is investigated by numerical simulation. It is revealed from our study that the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the SXT PSF stays nearly constant within an error bound over the central area of the CCD where the solar disk is located.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.3
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• pp.597-604
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• 2004

Accurate software cost estimation is essential to both developers and customers. Most of the cost estimating models based on the size measure methods, such as LOC and FP, are obtained through size estimation. The accuracy of size estimation directly influences the accuracy of cost estimation. As a result, the overall structure of regression-based cost models applies the power function based on software size. Many growth phenomenon in nature such as the growth in living organism, performance of technology, and learning capability of human show an S-shaped curve. This paper proposes a model which estimates the developing effort by using the growth curve. The presented model assumes that the relation cost and size follows the growth curve. The appropriateness of the growth curve model based on Function Point, Full-Function Point and Use-Case Point, which are the general methods in estimating the software size have been confirmed. The proposed growth curve model shows similar performance with power function model. In conclusion, the growth curve model can be applied in the estimation of the software cost.