• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2002

The objective of this paper is to quantitatively investigate the effects of alcohol mixture on the combustion improvement of main fuel in supplying alcohol to direct injection diesel engine by auxiliary injection method and blend method. If alcohol is supplied, engine performance greatly improves in high load range. In case of supplying ethanol, BSFC improves, the emission of smoke and NO decreases by delaying main fuel injection timing 5$\^{C}$A. The maximum delivery quantity of alcohol is limited to approximately 50% of total fuel delivery due to misfire and knocking. The limit quantity of main fuel injection that does not accompany misfire and the deterioration of BSFC was approximately 15∼18.5mg/st.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.154-159
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• 2016

Recently it has been focused that the automobile engine has developed in a strong upward tendency for the use of the high viscosity and poorer quality fuels in achieving the high performance, fuel economy, and emission reduction. Therefore it is not easy to solve the problems between low specific fuel consumption, and exhaust emission control at automotive engine In this study, it is designed and used the test bed which is installed with fuel injector controller. In addition to equipped engine using CRDI by controlling the injection timing with modulator, it has tested and analyzed the engine cycle variation characteristics, as it is varied that they are the operating parameters: fuel injected quantity, injection timing, engine speed and scavenging pressure.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.3-10
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• 1998

In general, the stratified charge for direct injection gasoline engine should be introduced to achieve ultra-lean combustion scheme. In order to apply the concept of stratified charge into direct injection gasoline engine, a reflector was adapted on cylinder head. An installation of the reflector in front of the injector nozzle leads the mixture to be rich near spark plug. Therefore, the mixture near the spark plug is locally ich to ignite while the lean mixture is wholly introduced into the combustion chamber. In this paper, the characteristics of combustion is analyzed with the variations of injection pressure and load in a stratified-charge direct injection single cylinder gasoline engine.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2015

최근 강화되는 연료소비율과 배기 규제에 대응하기 위해 자동차용 엔진에 다양한 신기술들이 적용되고 있다. 직접분사식 희박연소 엔진은 안정적인 성층혼합기 연소를 통해 연료소비율 및 배출가스 개선이 가능하지만 과잉공기 조건에서 상대적으로 높은 수준은 질소산화물의 배출은 해결되어야 할 과제이다. 본 연구에서는 직접분사식 희박연소 LPG 엔진에서 가변 밸브 기구를 이용한 흡기 및 배기밸브 시기의 변경이 엔진의 성능 및 배출가스에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 스로틀링을 하지 않은 부분부하 운전 조건에서 흡기밸브 열림 시기의 진각은 공기과잉률의 증가에 의한 질소산화물 배출 증가에 원인으로 작용하였다. 배기밸브 열림 시기를 진각할 경우 팽창일 감소와 펌핑손실 증가에 의해 연료 소비율이 악화되었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제38권10호
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• pp.837-844
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• 2014

최근 자동차 제조사는 강화되는 배출가스 규제를 만족시키고 엔진 효율을 향상시키기 위해 다양한 기술을 연구하고 있다. 그 중 직접분사식 초희박 연소기술은 정밀한 연소제어를 통해 연소효율을 극대화 하고 연비를 향상시킬 수 있는 차세대 기술로 평가받고 있다. 기존 가스엔진에 초희박 직접분사기술을 적용하기 위해 기존의 MPI 엔진의 헤드를 재설계하였다. 기존 압축비10:1에서 12:1로 증가시킴으로써 이에 따른 압력선도, 열방출률, 연료소비율 등의 연소특성과 배출가스특성을 파악하였다. 압축비를 증가시킴에 따라 불안정한 연소상태로 인하여 연료소비율의 개선이 어려웠으나 탄화수소(THC)와 질소산화물(NOx)의 배출은 감소되었다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2011

The spatial fuel vapor distribution of the homogeneous charge by a 6-hole injector was examined in a optically accessed single cylinder direct injection spark ignition(DISI) engine. The effects of in-cylinder charge motion, and fuel injection pressure, and coolant temperature were investigated using a planar LIF (Laser Induced Fluorescence) technique. It was confirmed that the in-cylinder tumble flow played a little more effective role in the spatial fuel vapor distribution than the swirl flow during the compression stroke at 10 mm and 2 mm planes under cylinder head gasket and the increased fuel injection pressure activated spatial distributions of the fuel vapor. In additions, richer mixtures were concentrated around the cylinder wall by the increase of the coolant temperature.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2000

Spray characteristics of diesel fuel injection is one of the most important factors in diesel combustion and pollutant emissions especially in HSDI (High Speed Direct Injection) diesel engines where the interval between the onset of combustion and the evaporation of atomized fuel is relatively short, An investigation into various spray characteristics from different holes of VCO(Valve Covered Orifice) nozzles was performed and its results were compared to standard sac nozzle. The global characteristics of spray, including spray angle, spray tip penetration, and spray pattern were measured from the spray images which were frozen by an instantaneous photography with a spark light source. For better understanding of spray behavior, SMD of the fuel sprays from multi hole nozzles were measured with back light imaging while the sprays from the other holes are covered by a purpose-built nozzle cap. The investigation manifestly reveals the different spray patterns at the beginning of injection produced by VCO nozzles can be identified as three distinct types with their own macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, while macroscopic non-uniformity disappears at 0.9∼1.0ms from the start of injection.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.338-344
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• 2016

The study is actively being performed to increase fuel injection pressure of common rail system among countermeasures to meet the emission regulation strengthen of the Diesel engine. The common rail fuel injection tube in such ultra high pressure common rail system has the weakest structural characteristics against vibration that is generated by fuel injection pressure and pulsation during engine operation and driving. Thus the extreme durability is required for common rail fuel injection tube, and the drawing process is being magnified as the most important technical fact for strength of seamless pipe that is the raw material of common rail tube. In this respect, we analyzed the characteristic of dimension and stress variation of the ultra high pressure common rail fuel injection tube by variation of Die and Plug angle in drawing process. Based on the analysis, we tried to obtain the raw material strength of common rail fuel injection tube for applying to the ultra high pressure common rail system. As a result, Plug angle is more important than entry angle of Die and we could obtain the target dimension and strength of the ultra high pressure common rail fuel injection tube through optimization of Plug angle.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.585-593
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• 2006

The effect of the shape of the side wall on vaporization and fuel mixture were investigated for the impinging spray of a direct injection(DI) gasoline engine under a variety of conditions using the LIEF technique. The characteristics of the impinging spray were investigated under various configurations of piston cavities. To simulate the effect of piston cavity configurations and injection timing in an actual DI gasoline engine, the parameters were horizontal distance from the spray axis to side wall and vertical distance from nozzle tip to impingement plate. Prior to investigating the side wall effect, experiments on free and impinging sprays for flat plates were conducted and these results were compared with those of the side wall impinging spray. For each condition, the impingement plate was located at three different vertical distances(Z=46.7, 58.4, and 70 mm) below the injector tip and the rectangular side wall was installed at three different radial distances(R=15, 20, and 25 mm) from the spray axis. Radial propagation velocity from spray axis along impinging plate became higher with increasing ambient temperature. When the ambient pressure was increased, propagation speed reduced. High ambient pressures tended to prevent the impinging spray from the propagating radially and kept the fuel concentration higher near the spray axis. Regardless of ambient pressure and temperature fully developed vortices were generated near the side wall with nearly identical distributions, however there were discrepancies in the early development process. A relationship between the impingement distance(Z) and the distance from the side wall to the spray axis(R) was demonstrated in this study when R=20 and 25 mm and Z=46.7 and 58.4 mm. Fuel recirculation was achieved by adequate side wall distance. Fuel mixture stratification, an adequate piston cavity with a shorter impingement distance from the injector tip to the piston head should be required in the central direct injection system.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.43-50
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• 1999

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) has been used as motor fuel due to its low emissions and low cost. The fuel feeding system has been improved with stringent requirement for exhaust emissions. LPG carburetion system was first introduced, then the system has been changed to a precisely controlled gas injection system, but this gas feeding system has a limitation on improving power output. In order to improve an engine performance, a multi-point port injection system was introduced recently, and a liquid direct injection system into a cylinder was suggested as a next generation system to maximize a fuel economy as well as a power. This study addresses the analysis of the LPG spray from diesel injectors. The spray images are visualized and compared with diesel sprays in a wide injection pressure range. The photographs show much wider dispersion of LPG sprays.