• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.1344-1348
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• 2008

A microbial fuel cell (MFC) has been regarded as noble clean energy technology that can directly convert biomass to electricity. However, its low power density is a main limitation to be used as a new energy source. To overcome this limitation, we focused on the anode improvement in a mediator-type MFC using P. vulgaris as a biocatalyst. Fuel cell performance increased when the anode was coated with carbon black or polypyrrole. The best performance was observed when polypyrrole/carbon black (Ppy/CB) composite material was coated on a carbon paper electrode. Our obtained value of 452 mW $m^{-2}$ is the highest value among the reported ones for the similar system. The effects of amount of Ppy/CB, mediator concentration, and amount of P. vulgaris have also been examined.

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기화학회 2004년도 추계총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.39-39
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• 2004

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.391-395
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• 2007

술폰화한 폴리에테르에테르케톤(sPEEK)과 나피온(Nafion) 아이오노머를 혼합한 새로운 전극 바인더를 제조하여 DMFC 용 음극 바인더로서 적용 가능성을 고찰하였다. 새롭게 제조한 혼합 바인더는 높은 수소 이온 전도도와 메탄올 전달 속도 및 낮은 용해도와 우수한 기계적 물성을 나타냈다. 이를 도입한 음극에서 혼합 바인더 함량에 따른 셀 성능을 고찰하였으며, 10 wt% 혼합 바인더를 도입한 음극으로 구성된 셀이 가장 우수한 성능을 나타냈다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.293-299
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• 1993

용융탄산염연료전지(MCFC)용 다공성 Ni 양극에 3~10 wt% Al를 첨가하여 tape casting 법으로 제조된 Ni-Al 양극의 전기화학적성능 및 구조적안정성이 조사되었다. 본 연구에서 제조된 양극의 전기화학적 성능이 $650^{\circ}C$, MCFC 양극분위기(80% H$_2$＋20% $CO_2$)를 모사한 half-cell 에서 양분극 특성으로 평가되었는데, 전류밀도 150 ㎃/$\textrm{cm}^2$ 에서의 분극전압은 약 100 ㎷로 실용전지의 양극으로서 가능성을 보였다. Ni-Al 양극의 소결과 creep에 대한 저항성은 Ni 양극에 비해 증가되었는데, 이는 Ni 입자 표면에 형성된 $Al_2$O$_3$의 영향으로 판단되었다.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2014

The use of a microporous membrane along with Au/C catalyst for direct glycerol alkaline fuel cell was investigated. In comparison with Nafion 112, the microporous Celgard 3401 membrane provides a better cell performance due to the lower ionic resistance as confirmed by impedance spectra. The single cell using Au/C as anode catalyst prepared by using PVA protection techniques provided a higher maximum power density than the single cell with commercial PtRu/C at $18.65mW\;cm^{-2}$ The short-term current decay studies show a better stability of Au/C single cell. The higher activity of Au/C over PtRu/C was owing to the lower activation loss of Awe. The magnitude of current decay indicates a low problem of glycerol crossover from anode to cathode side. The similar performance of single cell with and without humudification at cathode points out an adequate transport of water through the microporous membrane.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.1019-1027
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• 2009

A noncompartmented microbial fuel cell (NCMFC) composed of a Mn(IV)-carbon plate and a Fe(III)-carbon plate was used for electricity generation from organic wastewater without consumption of external energy. The Fe(III)-carbon plate, coated with a porous ceramic membrane and a semipermeable cellulose acetate film, was used as a cathode, which substituted for the catholyte and cathode. The Mn(IV)-carbon plate was used as an anode without a membrane or film coating. A solar cell connected to the NCMFC activated electricity generation and bacterial consumption of organic matter contained in the wastewater. More than 99% of the organic matter was biochemically oxidized during wastewater flow through the four NCMFC units. A predominant bacterium isolated from the anode surface in both the conventional and the solar cell-linked NCMFC was found to be more than 99% similar to a Mn(II)-oxidizing bacterium and Burkeholderia sp., based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The isolate reacted electrochemically with the Mn(IV)-modified anode and produced electricity in the NCMFC. After 90 days of incubation, a bacterial species that was enriched on the Mn(IV)-modified anode surface in all of the NCMFC units was found to be very similar to the initially isolated predominant species by comparing 16S rDNA sequences.

• Carbon letters
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.336-342
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• 2010

Different oxidation treatments on CNTs using diluted 4.0 M $H_2SO_4$ solution at room temperature and or at $90^{\circ}C$ reflux conditions were investigated to elucidate the physical and chemical changes occurring on the treated CNTs, which might have significant effects on their performance as catalyst supports in PEM fuel cells. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope analyses were made for the acid treated CNTs to determine the particle size and distribution of the CNT-supported Pt-Ru nanoparticles. These CNT-supported Pt-based nanoparticles were then employed as anode catalysts in PEMFC to investigate their catalytic activity and single-cell performance towards $H_2$ oxidation. Based on PEMFC performance results, refluxed Pt-Ru/CNT catalysts prepared using CNTs treated at $90^{\circ}C$ for 0.5 h as anode have shown better catalytic activity and PEMFC polarization performance than those of the commercially available Pt-Ru/C catalyst from ETEK and other Pt-Ru/CNT catalysts developed using raw CNT, thus demonstrating the importance of acid treatment in improving and optimizing the surface properties of catalyst support.

• Carbon letters
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.27-30
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• 2000

Performance of direct methanol fuel cell using high porous active carbon as an uncatalysed diffusion layer in anode (composite electrode) has been evaluated. Effects of porous active carbon in anode were investigated by galvanostatic method and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. The single cell was operated with 2.5 M methanol at temperature of $80-120^{\circ}C$ and showed performance of $210-510\;mA/cm^2$ at 0.4V. By replacing conventional electrode with composite electrode, the increment of $290\;mA/cm^2$ in current density was obtained at $90^{\circ}C$and 0.4V. The potential decay of the single cell was about 14.5% for 20 days operation.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.659-664
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• 2000

연료극 지지체식 원통형 고체산화물 연료전지를 개방하기 위해 연료극 지지체와 전해질이 코팅된 연료극 원통관의 제조 및 그것의 특성에 대해 연구하였다- 연료극 지지체는 20-50vol.%의 탄소함량에 따라 만들어졌으며, 탄소량이 증가함에 따라 연 료극 지지체의 기공율도 점차 증가하였으며, 적절한 기공율을 가지기 위한 최적 탄소량은 30vol.%임을 확인하였다. 연료극 지지체 관은 압출법으로 제작하였으며, 전해질은 슬러리 코팅법으로 원통판의 바깥쪽에 코팅하였고, $1400^{\circ}C$에서 공소결을 성공적으로 실시하였다. 소결후 물리척특성과 미세구조를 조사하였으며, 연료극 지지체관의 기공율은 35%이었고 연료전지의 요구조건을 만족하였다. 기체투과율 시험을 통하여, 연료극 지지체관 자체는 충분히 다공성을 나타내었으나, 전해질층을 코팅한 경우에는 매우 낮은 기체부과율을 나타냄을 확인하였다. 이것은 코팅된 전해질층이 매우 치밀하다는 것을 의미하며, 본 연구를 통해서 연료극 지지체식 원통형 고체산화물 연료전지가 제조될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.127-130
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• 2009

The uniform gas distribution between anode channels of the indirect internal reforming type molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) is crucial design parameter because of the electric performance and the durability problems. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is performed to investigate flow characteristics in the anode channels and manifold under different pressure drop and channel temperature conditions. The combined meshes consists of hexadral meshes in the channels and polyhedral meshes in the manifold are adopted and chemical reactions inside the MCFC system are not included because of computational difficulties associated with the size and geometric complexity of the system. Results indicate that the uniformity in flow-rate is in the range of $\pm$ 0.048 % between the anode channels when the pressure drop of anode channel is about 150 Pa. A gas flow-rate uniformity decreases as the pressure drop of anode channels decreases and as the temperature difference between indirect internal reforming (IIR) channels and anode channels increases.