• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.158-166
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: Kiwifruit is a fruit tree with relatively small cultivation area in Korea and researches on its soil and physiology are very limited compared to those on cultivar development. Therefore, there are limited information for farmers to cope with the reduction in productivity due to various physiological disorders and premature aging. This study was conducted to investigate the soil and leaf chemical properties, and fruit characteristics, which will be used as basic data for stable kiwifruit orchard soil management. METHODS AND RESULTS: The soil and leaf chemical properties, and fruit characteristics were investigated for two years in 16 kiwifruit orchards growing 'Hayward' (Actinidia deliciosa) in Jeollanam-do and Gyeongsangnam-do. Soil and leaf samples were collected in July and fruit quality was investigated by harvesting fruits about 170 days after full bloom. The average soil chemical properties of kiwi orchards were generally higher than the recommended level, except for pH, and especially, the exchangeable potassium reached about 300% of the recommended level. The proportions of orchards that exceeded the recommended level of soil chemical properties were 63, 31, 100, 69, 94, 88 and 69% for pH, EC, organic content, available phosphate, and exchangeable potassium, calcium and magnesium, respectively. Thirty-three percent of orchards had more than 100 mg/kg of nitrate nitrogen in soil. Available phosphate in soil showed a significantly positive correlation with leaf nitrogen, phosphoric acid and calcium content, but showed a significantly negative correlation with leaf potassium content. The magnesium content in the leaves was significantly correlated with soil pH. The highest fruit weight was observed in about 25 g/kg of leaf nitrogen content which could be attained when plants were grown on the soil containing about 100 mg/kg of nitrate nitrogen content. The average soluble solids content among 16 orchards was 9.58 °Brix at harvest and 13.9 °Brix after ripening, which increased about 45%, and the average fruit weight was about 110 g. CONCLUSION(S): For fruit quality, fruit soluble solids (sugar compounds) content was significantly correlated with leaf potassium content, fruit hardiness with leaf total nitrate, calcium and magnesium, and fruit titratable acidity with leaf magnesium; however, leaf calcium and magnesium negatively affect the soluble solids contents in fruits.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2011

This study analyzed the convenience and productivity before and after adopting self-propelled power transportation devices to the harvest and transportation of fruit and vegetable products in the Gyeongbuk region, by applying the REBA and RULA techniques. In the REBA analysis, the work risk was low with 4~6 points before adoption which became 2~3 points after adoption. As for the RULA analysis, work loading appeared to have decreased with 6~7 points before adoption which became 3~4 points after adoption. The annual work time reduction was about 48~179 hours while labor costs were reduced to 364~1,345 thousand won annually. This indicated a labor cost reduction effect of about 10~15%. Therefore, the adopted self-propelled power transportation devices appeared to prevent musculo skeletal diseases of the human body and also improve productivity even after using it for long hours according to the REBA, RULA measures level.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 1997

This study aims to determine the optimal picking time and the favorate variety for Ume processing. The changes of physicochemical components and flavors of 6 varieties of the Ume were investigated during maturing. Average weight of the fruit increased to the range of 151-292% from 70 days to 90 days after blooming. The hardness of fruit decreased during maturing and Koume variety was not suitable for processing among the last harvesting samples. Moisture and ash were reached to 89-91%, 0.57-0.69%, respectively, and the ash content increased during maturing. Among the Ume varieties, relatively high content of total acid was observed in Oshuku and Koume. The major organic acid were malic, citric, succinic, and tartaric acid. The content of malic acid decreased significantly, whereas citric acid increased during maturing. Thirty five kinds of flavor components were identified from the Ume fruit and main components were ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and organic acid derivatives. Koume contained a large amount of flavor components among the Ume and the content increased during maturing.

• Plant Resources
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 1999

This study was undertaken to examine the feasibility of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) as substrates for several edible mushrooms. For the cultivation of several edible and/or medicinal fungi on black locust, optimum bulk densities, synthetic or semisynthetic additives, natural additives and pretreatment methods were investigated. Fruit body yields of the fungi on various sawdust media composed of different wood species were also analyzed for testing the capability of black locust as a substrate for mushroom production. Mycelial growths decreased proportional when the bulk density increased. The most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources as additives to promote the mycelial growth were sucrose (2%, w/w) and ammonium phosphate (0.2%, w/w) respectively. When corn-powder and beer-waste as natural additives were added to sawdust of black locust showed the significant growth of mycelia. And the optimum mixing ratio was 10:2:1 (sawdust: corn-powder: beer-waste, w/w). Black locust after cold water treatment showed the outstanding mycelial growths. Any significant changes of pH, moisture content (%) and dry-weight losses (%) could not be found among culture substrates (sawdust of black locust, oak and poplar wood) examined before and after harvesting of fruit bodies. Yield of fruit bodies on black locust culture media were comparable with those culture media composed with oak and poplar wood. The present work indicated strongly the potentiality of black locust as raw materials for edible and medicinal mushrooms.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2019

Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea on strawberry plants is an economically significant disease in Korea. The rates for diseased fruits are high during the strawberry harvesting period from December to February, especially in hydroponic cultivation. This study assessed the effect of the nitrogen type in the soil culture and the electrical conductivity (EC) of the nutrient solution in a hydroponic culture on the gray mold incidence in 'Seolhyang' strawberry plants. The nitrogen sources assayed included calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (CN4), calcium nitrate decahydrate (CN10), ammonium sulfate (AS), and commercial fertilizer 213 (213). The effect of the EC was tested at 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, and $1.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. The occurrence of gray mold varied according to the nitrogen type. The disease incidence and nitrogen content for the main nitrogen type were higher compared to the non-treated control. The AS treatment showed the highest occurrence of tipburn and gray mold. The incidence of gray mold as well as the nitrogen and phosphorus content of the leaves increased as the EC level was increased. These results indicate that the incidence of gray mold in strawberry plants is related to the nitrogen content of the leaf and the EC of the nutrient solution.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 2013

본 연구는 레몬과즙의 헤스페리딘 함량이 가장 많은 수확시기 지표를 결정하기 위해 수관내부 및 외부에 착과된 과실에 대해 시기별 헤스페리딘 함량을 착색시기 및 과중과 연관시켜 평가했다. 그 함량은 과실생장에 따라 달랐으며 수관내부 및 외부에 있어 착색이 막 시작되는 개화 후 162일과 176일째에 가장 많았다. 그리고 수관외부가 내부보다 많았다. 이상의 결과는 레몬과실의 헤스페리딘 함량이 가장 많은 적정 수확 시기는 착색이 막 시작이 되고 과실의 생장이 멈추기 직전이라는 것을 나타냈다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.78-78
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• 2018

패션프루트(Passiflora edulis)는 브라질이 원산지이며 아열대와 열대지역에서 재배되고 있는 다년생 상록덩굴식물로 시계꽃과(Passifloraceae) 시계꽃속(Passiflora)에 속한다. 전 세계적으로 500여종이 분포하고 그 중 10여종은 식용, 나머지는 관상용으로 이용되고 있다. 지구온난화로 인한 기온상승으로 전남지역 재배에 적합한 대체 아열대과수 개발이 필요하다. 패션프루트는 겨울 최저온도가 $3^{\circ}C$이상 조건에서 재배 가능하여 남부 지역는 무가온 하우스재배를 하고 있지만 시설내 6월 하순부터 8월 중순까지 $35^{\circ}C$ 이상 고온이 지속되어 과실을 볼 수 없다. 8월 하순부터 피는 꽃은 인공수분으로 착과되어 11월부터 수확이 가능하지만 이후에 낮은 온도($10^{\circ}C$이하)로 착색이 진행되지 않아서 동해피해로 수확을 포기해야 한다. 어느 시기까지 인공수분을 해야 당년에 안정적인 수확이 가능한지를 알아보고자 패션프루트의 후기(2차) 개화시기 중에서 8월 30일, 9월 10일, 9월 20일, 9월 30일에 인공수분 하여 11월 하순에 착색이 정상적으로 진행되는 처리를 조사한 결과 8월 30일 처리구만 11월 21일 착색이 되었다. 미착색과에서 내용물이 진노랑색으로 진행되면 후숙하여 상품과로 판매가 가능하기 때문에 진노랑색에 도달한 시기를 조사하였다. 조사에서 9월 10일까지 인공수분 처리한 과실은 후숙하여 상품과로 판매가 가능하였다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.151-155
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• 2000

저온기 시설참외 재배시에 적정 토양수분 관리방법을 확립하고자 플라스틱 하우스내에서 착과 10일전부터 수확 1주일 전까지 관수개시점을 10, 20, 30, 50 kPa로 각각 달리하여 실험한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 전체 관수량은 관수개시점 10kPa구에서는 92.5mm 관수한 반면에 50kPa 관수구는 관수개시점에 도달되지 않아 관수하지 않았다. 참외의 발육에 있어서는 수분이 많을수록 과실비대가 잘 되어 과중은 관수개시점이 50kPa인 구에서 324g인데 비해 10kPa구에서는 456g으로 컸으며, 반면에 수분이 많을수록 발효과의 발생이 많아 상품수량은 오히려 관수개시점 10kPa에서 가장 적었다. 과실의 당도는 30kPa구와 50kPa구에서 가장 높았으며 10kPa구가 가장 낮았다. 결과적으로 당도와 상품수량성 면에서, 토양수분장력이 30kPa 도달시에 관수하는 것이 효과적일 것으로 판단되었다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.225-231
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• 2001

This study was conducted to examine effect of different environment conditions in glass, PC, PET and PE greenhouses controlled by different environment control systems on the growth of green pepper. Light transmittance of 64.7% in the glass greenhouse was the highest among different green-houses. Air temperature was the highest in the glass greenhouse when ventilators were closed, and was the highest in the PE greenhouse when ventilators were open. Air relative humidity was the highest in the PE greenhouse during 24 hours. The amount of solar energy accumulated in soil was the greatest in the glass greenhouse and this energy released during the night escaped through covering materials. Latent heat and solar energy affected air temperature increased in greenhouses. The air temperature of glass greenhouse was 27.5$^{\circ}C$ at 11 O clock, which was the highest air temperature among the all greenhouse types. Clear differences were observed in leaf area and plant height at 30 days after transplanting. Days to first flowering was the shortest in the glass greenhouse with 72.7 days. Flower shedding was the greatest in the PE greenhouse with 12.6%. Days to fruit harvesting was the shortest in the glass greenhouse with 14.3 days. Fruit quality, such as fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit flesh thickness, and vitamin C content, was the best in the glass greenhouse. Percent marketable fruits was the highest with 95.3% when the pepper was grown hydroponically in the glass greenhouse.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.406-413
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• 2020

멜론(Cucumis melo L.)의 코이어 배지 수경재배 시 고품질 과실을 생산하기 위한 적정 착과 절위, 적심 절위 및 수확 시기를 구명하고자 하였다. 코이어 배지 슬라브(100 × 20 × 10cm)에 3주를 정식하였다. 양액은 야마자키 멜론 표준액을 이용하였고, 급액 농도는 '초기-중기(과실 비대기)-후기'의 생육 단계별로 1.8-2.0-2.3dS·m^-1 공급하였다. 착과 및 적심 절위 실험은 '피엠알달고나'와 '얼스아이비' 2품종을 이용하였다. 착과 절위 실험은 8-10, 11-13 및 14-15 마디에 각각 3처리하였다. 적심 절위 실험은 18, 21 및 24 마디에 각각 3처리하였다. 과실 수확시기 실험은 '피엠알달고나'와 '얼스크라운' 2품종을 이용하여 착과 45일, 50일, 55일 및 60일 후로 4처리하였다. '피엠알달고나' 품종에서 11-13마디 이상 착과 시, 엽폭28.2cm, 엽면적은 10,845㎠로 가장 컸다. 줄기 길이는 '얼스아이비' 품종에서 11-13마디 착과 시 147.6cm로 가장 길었다. 과중은 '얼스아이비' 품종에서 11-13마디 착과시 2.0kg으로 가장 컸다. 과실의 가용성 고형물 함량(SSC)은 '피엠알달고나' 품종에서 8-10 마디 착과시 14.5°Brix, 24 마디 적심시 14.0°Brix로 각각 유의성 있게 가장 높았다. 착과 절위가 낮아질수록 SSC값이 증가하는 경향이 두 품종에서 동일하게 나타났다. '피엠알달고나'와 '얼스크라운' 2품종 모두 착과 55-60일 후 수확된 과실의 SSC 값과 과중이 가장 우수하였다. 종합적으로 검토하면 대부분 SSC값은 착과 절위가 낮아지고 적심 절위가 높아질수록 증가하고, 과중은 착과 절위가 높아질수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 착과 후 일수가 증가할수록 과실의 SSC값이 증가하였으며 다양한 품종에 대한 추가 연구가 더 필요하다고 생각되었다. 따라서 코이어 배지를 이용한 수경재배 시 멜론 품종 별로 특성을 잘 파악하여 착과 절위, 적심 절위 및 과실 수확시기를 설정하여야 한다.