• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.115-120
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• 2008

The fatalities of pedestrian accounted for about 40.0% of all fatalities in Korea (2005 year). In pedestrian involved accident, the most important data to inspect accident is throw distance of pedestrian. The throw distance of pedestrian can be influenced by many variables, such as vehicular frontal shape, vehicular impact speed, the offset of impact point, the height of pedestrian, and road condition. The trajectory of pedestrian after collision can be influenced by vehicular frontal shape classified into sedan type, box type, SUV type and van type. Many studies have been done about pedestrian accident with passenger car model and bus model for simple factors. But the study of pedestrian accident by van type vehicle was much insufficient, and even that the influence of multiple factors such as the offset of impact point was neglected. In this paper, a series of pedestrian kinetic simulation were conducted to inspect relationship between throw distance and multiple factors with using PC-CRASH s/w, a kinetic analysis program for a traffic accident for van type. By based on the simulation results, multi-variate regression was conducted, and regression equation was presented.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.27 no.10
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• pp.1686-1694
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• 2003

The foam-filled tube beams can be used for the front rail and firewall structures to absorb impact energy during frontal or side collision of vehicles. In the case of side collision where bending is involved in the crushing mechanism, the foam filler would be effective in maintaining progressive crushing of the thin-walled structures so that much impact energy could be absorbed. In this study, bending behaviors of the closed-cell-aluminum-alloy-foam-filled stainless steel tube were investigated. The various foam-filled specimens including piecewise fillers were prepared and tested. The aluminum-alloy-foam filling offered the significant increase of bending resistance. Their suppression of the inward fold formation at the compression flange as well as the multiple propagating folds led to the increase of load carrying capacity of specimens. Moreover, the piecewise foams would provide the easier way to fill the thin-walled shell structures without the drawback of strength.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.69-77
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• 2007

This study presents comparison results for pedestrian accident reconstruction models representing the relationship between collision speed and horizontal distance that a body travels while falling and sliding. A set of 49 reliable pedestrian accident cases are applied to compare the existing reconstruction models. In addition, the authors investigate the effects of a set of parameters associated with the effects of the frontal shape of a vehicle on the horizontal distance a pedestrian travels while falling and sliding. It has been revealed that the length of the bumper is the most dominant factor to affect the horizontal distance of pedestrian travel after collision. Further analyses utilizing more accident data need to conducted to develop a more accurate and reliable reconstruction model.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.212-219
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• 2002

In the frontal collision of cars, front parts of cars such as engine rail and side members that are composed of hatted section tubes should absorb most of the collision energy far the passenger compartment not to be deformed. For these reasons the study on the collapse characteristics, maximum crushing load and energy absorption capacity of hatted section tubes are needed. In this study, top hatted section tubes and double hatted section tubes are investigated. The maximum crushing load of hatted section tubes is induced from plastic buckling stress of plates by considering that the hatted section tubes are composed of plates with each different boundary conditions and that its material has a strain hardening effect. On this concept maximum crushing load equations of hatted section tubes are derived and verified by experiments. from the results of experiment, the differences of collapse characteristics between top hatted section tube and double hatted section tube are analysed. And mean crushing loads of hatted section tubes from experiments are compared with other theory.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.109-126
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of inpatients who were admitted to Korean medicine hospital due to traffic accident. Methods : We analyzed statistical study in 137 patients, who had admitted to M korean medicine hospital, in Gimpo city, Gyeonggi Province from January 1st, 2017 to June 31th, 2017 according to medical charts. Results : 1. In distribution according to age and sex, people in their 50s numbered the most. The 137 inpatients comprised of male (46.0%) and female (54.0%). 2. In distribution according to types of accident, Rear-end collision accident numbered the most (34.3%), followed by Frontal collision (21.2%) and Lateral collision (14.6%). 3. In distribution according to duration of treatment, most (54.7%) patients discharged within 1 week, followed by 1 week to 2 weeks(37.2%) 4. In distribution according to mean elevation of symptoms, Neck pain was the most (75.9%) symptom, followed by Low back pain (67.2%), Shoulder pain (46.0%) and Headache (37.2%). 5. In distribution according to treatment results, symptom improvement was the most (62.8%), followed by excellent (19.7%), mild improvement (14.6%). 6. In distribution according to duration of treatment, Most frequently prescribed herbal decoction was Tongdosan (45.7%), followed by Dangguijakyaksangagam (29.6%), and most frequently prescribed extract powder was Yunkyopaedocksan and Ojeoksan (12.7%). Conclusions : This study shows that aftereffects from the traffic accident tend to occur with various symptoms in various age groups. Korean medicine treatments are effective in patient who were admitted to Korean medicine hospital due to traffic accident.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.67-72
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• 2012

Novel Front End Module(FEM) with improved pedestrian protection is very important to reduce the severity of pedestrian injury. The FEM needs to have enough space from hood to absorb the energy from any pedestrian collision. In this study, the cooling performance of the FEM to cool the engine was investigated under 25% height reduction. The results indicated that the cooling performance analysis was about 86% level compared to that of the conventional FEM. Also, good qualitative agreement between CFD predictions and experimental measurements was found. This FEM needs the cooling performance enhancement for changed air flow path at the frontal part of vehicle. Therefore, we showed an improved performance using air guide setup and shape modification under the high load condition.

• 연구논문집
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• s.25
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• pp.23-29
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• 1995

Steering column is a typical component that may injure the driver at a frontal collision accident. To protect the driver from an impact, it is very important to study the impact absorbing behaviour of steering column. The dynamic simulation were performed for the ball sleeve type impact absorbing steering column. The simulation results show similar trends to FMVSS 203 test results. Hence using the simulation program developed in this study, it is possible to predict dynamic response of steering system which is used in design modification. Impact absorbing performance of the ball sleeve type steering column with the column angle of $21^\circC$ and $26^\circC$ satisfies the safety criterion of FMVSS 203.

• 연구논문집
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• s.24
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• pp.97-106
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• 1994

Steering system is typically one of the vehicle parts that may injure an unrestrained driver in a frontal collision. Therefore, the engineers of vehicle safety parts researched the allowable injury criteria such as HIC(head injury criterion). chest acceleration and knee impact force. From their research, they recognized that development of energy absorbing steering system was necessary to protect the driver. Energy absorbing parts of steering system consist of shear capsule, ball sleeve and shaft assembly. We performed the modelling and dynamic analysis of the energy absorbing steering column with the unrestrained driver model. The conclusions of this study are as follows. 1) The variation of column angle has an important effects on the dynamic responses of steering system and driver behavior. 2) The energy absorbing steering system satisfies the safety criterion of FMVSS 203, 208, but not the safety criterion of FMVSS 204.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.510-511
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• 2012

지능형 자동차의 차량 안전시스템의 요구가 증가되면서 FCW(Frontal Collision Warning)에 대한 중요도가 높아지고 있다. 이미 몇몇 회사들이 상용화에 성공한 위 기술은 단일 카메라, 복수의 카메라, 또는 라이더와 카메라의 정보 혼합 방식 등을 사용하고 있다. 본 논문은 단일 카메라 기반 방식에서 차량 후보를 필터링하는 방법에 대해 소개한다

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.7-12
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• 2018

Injury mechanisms of lower extremity injuries in motor vehicle accidents are focused on fractures, sprains, and contusions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the analysis of lower extremity injury mechanism in occupant motor vehicle accident by using Hospital Information System (HIS) and reconstruction program, based on the materials related to motor vehicle accidents. Among patients who visited the emergency department of Wonju Severance Christian Hospital due to motor vehicle accidents from August 2012 to February 2014, we collected data on patients with agreement for taking the damaged vehicle's photos. After obtaining the verbal consent from the patient, we asked about the cause of the accident, information on vehicle involved in the accident, and the location of car repair shop. The photos of the damaged vehicle were taken on the basis of front, rear, left side and right side. Damage to the vehicle was presented using the CDC code by analytical study of photo-images of the damaged vehicle, and a trauma score was used for medical examination of the severity of the patient's injury. Among the 1,699 patients due to motor vehicle crashes, 88 (5.2%) received a diagnosis of lower extremity fracture and 141 (8.3%) were the severe who had ISS over 15. Nevertheless during 19 months for research, it was difficult to build up in-depth database about motor vehicle crashes. It has a limitation on collecting data because not only the system for constructing database about motor vehicle crash is not organized but also the process for demanding materials is not available due to prevention of personal information. For accurate analysis of the relationship between occupant injury and vehicle damage in motor vehicle crashes, build-up of an in-depth database through carrying out various policies for motor vehicle crashes is necessary for sure.