• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.802-808
• /
• 2002

Front-side members are structures with the greatest energy absorbing capability in a front-end collision of vehicles. This paper was performed to analyze initial collapse characteristics of spot welded hat and double hat-shaped section members, which are basic shape of side members, on the shift of flange weld pitches. The impact collapse tests were carried out by using home-made vertical air compression impact testing machine, and impact velocity of hat-shaped section members is 4.17m/sec and that of double hat-shaped section members is 6.54m/sec. In impact collapse tests, the collapsed length of hat-shaped section members was about 45mm and that of double hat-shaped section members was about 50mm. In consideration of these condition, axial static collapse tests(0.00017m/sec) of hat and double hat-shaped section members were carried out by using UTM which was limited displacement, about 50mm. As the experimental results, to obtain the best initial collapse characteristics, it is important that stiffness of vehicle members increases as section shapes change and the progressively folding mode induces by flange welding pitch.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.189-196
• /
• 2003

In this study, the vertical opening of the non-float midwater pair trawl net was maintained by controlling the length of upper warp. This was because the head rope was able to be kept linearly and the working depth was not nearly as changed with the variation of flow speed as former experiments in this series of studies have demonstrated. We confirmed that the opening efficiency of the non-float midwater pair trawl net was able to be developed according to the increase in front weight and wing-end weight. In this study, we described the opening efficiency of the non-float midwater pair trawl net according to the variation of front weight and wing-end weight obtained by model experiment in circulation water channel. We compared the opening efficiency of the proto type with that of the non-float type. The results obtained can be summarized as follows：1. The hydrodynamic resistance was almost increased linearly in proportion to the flow speed and was increased in accordance with the increase in front weight and wing-end weight. The increasing rate of hydrodynamic resistance was displayed as an increasing tendency in accordance with the increase in flow speed. 2. The net height of the non-float type was almost decreased linearly in accordance with the increase in flow speed. As the reduced rate of the net height of the non-float type was smaller than that of the net height of the proto type against increase of flow speed, the net height of the non-float type was bigger than that of the proto type over 4.0 knot. The net width of the non-float type was about 10 m bigger than that of the proto type and the change rate of net width varied by no more than 2 m according to the variation of the front weight and wing-end weight. 3. The mouth area of the non-float type was maximized at 1.75 ton of the front weight and 1.11 ton of the wing-end weight, and was smaller than that of the proto type at 2.0∼3.0 knot, but was bigger than that of the proto type at 4.0∼5.0 knot. 4. The filtering volume was maximized at 3.0 knot in the proto type and at 4.0 knot in the non-float type. The optimal front weight was 1.40 ton.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.31-40
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to identify the body type characteristics of fashion models by comparing body dimensions and body types of fashion models with ordinary women in their 20s in Korea. To that end, the study selected 71 people, with 28 being female university students in the Seoul area and 43 professional fashion models. One hundred and fifty-seven ordinary woman were selected who ranged from 20 to 29 years old, and 588 women from the 7th Size Korea fit for research purposes. Body measurement items were selected for the direct measurement data for Size Korea, which included 20 items of body size and 10 items of calculation needed for clothing production. The results of the study were as follows. According to the analysis of fashion models and ordinary woman in their 20s, their body size showed significant differences in 25 out of 30 items. The five items that do not show significant differences are bust point-bust point, waist back length, front interscye length, hip circumference-bust circumference, and neck point to bust point to waistline-waist front length. If you integrate the results, the fashion model is much taller than the ordinary woman, has a longer lower body, and has an 8.05 head figure. Also, the fashion model found itself to be the ideal type that ordinary women prefer because of the slimmer waist and bent shape, which is more than that measured in normal women.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.237-246
• /
• 2021

This study aims to analyze short sleeve cycling tops from three brands for a change in garment fit and pressure depending on the static and cycling postures. To this end, it used a 3D virtual garment system to virtualize the garments. Further, a cross-section of the 3D virtual garment data was obtained, and the space length was measured in the design-X program to prove the objectivity of the 3D virtual garment. The results indicated that three brands had a large space length at the front than the back because of the bent posture in cycling. Therefore, appropriate ease was required for the waist and abdomen. Although there were various cutting lines of the bodice panel by brand, the design of the cutting lines should consider the changes in the surface to reflect the bent posture in cycling. The results of this experiment confirmed that the wrinkles present in the 3D virtual garment were reflected in the cross-section and that the space length was small in the high-stress area, as shown in red. Therefore, it was proven the stress of the 3D virtual garment could be used for 3D virtual garment evaluation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.20 no.12
• /
• pp.4036-4043
• /
• 1996

When a high-speed railway train enters a tunnel, a compression wave is generated ahead of the train and propagates along the tunnel, compressing and accelerating the rest air in front of the wave. At the exit of the tunnel, an impulsive wave is emitted outward toward the surrounding, which causes a positive impulsive noise like a kind of sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft. With the advent of high-speed train, such an impulsive noise can be large enough to cause the noise problem, unless some attempts are made to alleviate its pressure levels. In the purpose of the impulsive noise reduction, the present study tested the effect of porous walls on the compression wave propagating into a model tunnel. Experimental results were obtained using a shock tube with an open end. The results showed that the cavity/porous wall is very effective for the compression wave with a large nonlinear effect. The porosity of 30% is most effective for attenuation and pressure gradient reduction of the compression wave front. Also the impulsive noise reduction increases with increasing the length and height of the cavity, compared with the tunnel equivalent diameter.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.26 no.8
• /
• pp.113-125
• /
• 2021

This study aimed to develop a new Hanbok Jeogori prototype based on design extracted through a preference survey on new Hanbok Jeogori. This study was conducted based on K-patterns selected as excellent patterns in prior research and utilized the SPSS 27.0 program for analysis of appearance evaluation. As a result of the first appearance evaluation and garment pressure evaluation, the shoulder area was required to be modified, so the shoulder end point was moved within 1cm to rearrange the armhole line. Modification of sleeve length and circumference was also required, reducing sleeve length by 1.5cm and sleeve circumference by 0.5cm at both ends. As a result of the second evaluation, the length of Jeogori, hem circumference, and sleeve length were required, reducing the length of the front and back Jeogori by 1 cm and reducing the sleeve length by 1cm. The hem circumference was reduced by 0.2cm each in the princess line, which was highly evaluated in the final evaluation. In future research, it is thought that pattern studies by material, length, and age should be conducted and corrections should be derived through actual wear experiments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.61 no.4
• /
• pp.152-168
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to develop a design prototype of outdoor-wear which is suitable for trekking. For achieving this purpose, 6 factors(bodice, sleeve, hood, pockets, opening, hem-line) considered for clothing function were selected, classified, and complemented based on the survey of literature and the research of 185 designs in 12 outdoor-wear brands. The results are as follows; The removable hood and 4DM sleeve style with the elastic band and velcro for the cuffs was the most preferred in the detail design on the brand research. And also the ventilation function and 1 or 2 diagonal in-seam pocket, covered zipper was preferred. Based on this result, two design prototypes of men's outdoor-wear for trekking were suggested; jacket 1 has a slim waist line and a hip length. Front opening has a zip and placket for windproof effect. There is a detachable hood with stopper around the head line. 4DM sleeve and elastic band inserted at the end of sleeve, so that prevent the hem-line raising. Two inseam pocket is placed slightly diagonal. Jacket 2 is a hood jacket with a york. The Jacket has a little roomier in waist and a hip length. Front opening is fastened by a waterproof zip. It has a 4DM sleeve and a princess line to make it placed two pocket which have ventilation functionality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.36 no.11
• /
• pp.1197-1207
• /
• 2012

This study provides information for the design of pediatric inpatient uniforms with functionality and aesthetic beauty through a questionnaire-survey of the conditions of providing, wearing, preferences and improvement requirements for pediatric inpatient uniforms. As a result of the survey, intravenous injections were mostly given on the back of the hand, and the method of changing uniforms after intravenous injections was (in most cases) to pass the injection bottle through a sleeve or pant leg while the needle is inserted. The respondents answered that the sleeve length and pant length did not match. As a result of the preference of the pediatric inpatient design survey, respondents indicated they preferred pajama type, yellow color and medium size animal patterns. A similar ratio of set-in and raglan with no collar but with 3/4 length sleeve of round neck, front end, sleeve top opening, button closing and two pockets were preferred for shirts; however, a 3/4 length with rubber string on the waist, no opening and inner opening were preferred at the same ratio for pants. As for the method to adjust the length to assign functionality to pediatric inpatient uniforms, the most preferred sleeve was a roll-up sleeve with a strap and the most preferred pants were length adjusted pants that used a strap for both shirts and pants with a both sides strap. In addition, the majority of the respondents answered that a hand wrapper that protects the injection location during intravenous injections needs be developed. As for the development type, a half glove type and glove type were preferred in sequential order.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.263-267
• /
• 2014

A single juvenile pomacentrid specimen (5.9 mm standard length) was collected from the Korea Strait in October 2010. The specimen is characterized by punctate-stellate melanophores scattered on the operculum and dorso-ventral region in front of the caudal peduncle, the lack of melanophores on the posterior end of the anal fin base, the presence of 14 spines and 14 soft rays on the dorsal fin, and the presence of 2 spines and 12 soft rays on the anal fin. A molecular analysis based on mitochondrial DNA 16S rRNA sequences showed that this specimen is closely related to adult Chromis mirationis (d = 0.002), but that it differs from Chromis notata (d = 0.017). Juvenile C. mirationis differ from juvenile C. notata in having no melanophores on the posterior end of the anal fin base. We propose a new Korean name, "tti-ja-ri-dom" for C. mirationis.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.1188-1195
• /
• 2007

The vertical forces in rail fasteners at areas of bridge transitions near the embankment and on the pier will occur due to different deformations of adjoining bridges caused by the trainloads, the settlement of supports, and the temperature gradients. The up-lifting forces is not large problem in the blast track because the elasticity of blast and rail pad buffs up-lifting effect. But, it is likely to be difficult to ensure the serviceability of the railway and the safety of the fastener in the end in that concrete slab track consist of rail, fastener, and track in a single body, delivering directly the up-lifting force to the fastener if the deck is bended because of various load cases, such as the end rotation of the overhang due to the vertical load, the bending of pier due to acceleration/braking force and temperature deviation, the settlement of embankment and pier, the temperature deviation of up-down deck and front-back pier, and the rail deformation due to wheel loads. The analysis of the rail fastener is made to verify the superposed tension forces in the rail fastener due to various load cases, temperature gradients and settlement of supports. The potential critical fasteners with the highest uplift forces are the fastener adjacent to the civil joint. The main influence factors are the geometry of the bridge such as, the beneath length of overhang, relative position of bridge bearing and fastener, deflection of bridge and the vertical spring stiffness of the fastener.