• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.354-361
• /
• 2011

In order to product dry goods of Gastrodiae Rhizoma with high quality, tubers were treated with various dry methods such as cutting, drying methods and steaming. In cutting than no cutting, they were shown shorter drying hours and lower drying yield. Drying hours in freeze drying was shorter than those of hot air and far-infrared ray. Total polyphenol content was higher in cutting than no cutting. According to steaming, it was increased in freeze drying but decreased rapidly in the other dry methods. Among all treatments, hot air dry treatment with cutting and no steaming had the highest total polyphenol content. Gastrodin and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol contents generally were similar or higher in cutting than no cutting. By steaming, gastrodin content in freeze drying was decreased but 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol content was increased. But hot-air and infrared ray dry, they were shown opposite results. Gastrodin and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol contents showed opposite reaction to each other and were shown various response by dry methods.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.99-102
• /
• 2007

To prepare freeze-dried ascorbyl palmitate (AsP)-containing liposome which can protect the drug from moisture attack and be used instantly by mixing with water for anti-aging and skin whitening therapy, AsP was encapsulated into liposomes and freeze-dried with trehalose. The freeze-dried liposome formulations were characterized by measuring water contents, particle size, time required for complete reconstitution. With the freeze-dried liposomes, we performed the stability test under accelerated conditions, skin permeation and localization test. The measurement of the time to perfect reconstitution showed that the freeze-dried liposomes can be changed to their initial state rapidly and short term stability test of AsP in reconstituted liposomes under accelerated conditions confirmed that the stability of AsP was considerably enhanced as compared to freshly prepared liposomes. The skin permeation and localization properties of AsP in reconstituted liposomes were not significantly different, indicating that the liposomal structures were maintained before and after freezedrying. In conclusion, the freeze-drying method provided a possible way to overcome the instability issue of AsP induced by the moisture and reproduced similar skin permeation and localization properties as shown by freshly prepared liposomes.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2005

Objective : Okchun-San(OCS) is known as an effective herbal medicine on Type 2 diabetes. We performed to change OCS formulation for freeze drying capsulation. Methods The mixtures of OCS were extracted with water. finally, the filtered solution were evaporated and lyophilized to dry granules. The various ratio of excipients were studied to determine the formation for capsulizing. The samples were inspected for any difference in color, taste and appearance. Results: The prepared form of OCS were dried and weighted 260kg. The lyophilized dry powder yielding 40kg. The suitable ratio of OCS-dry powder and excipient was 10:1. The average weights of On and placebo capsules were $440{\pm}5.28mg$, $465{\pm}7.95mg$, respectively. There was no notable change in color and appearance for both capsuled samples throughout the study period. Conclusions: Therefore in can be concluded that freeze drying capsulation is appropriate form of OCS.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.56-62
• /
• 2015

아로니아의 활용성 제고를 위하여 건조방법에 따른 품질특성을 비교한 결과, 건조과정 중 중량변화율은 진공동결건조가 81.6%로 가장 많은 중량감소를 나타내었고, 수분함량은 진공동결건조에서 가장 많은 수분이 감소하였으며, 건조 후 최종 수분함량은 진공동결건조에서 0.99%로 가장 낮은 함량을 나타내었다. 색도 측정결과, $L^*$값은 건조방법에 따른 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, $a^*$값과 $b^*$값은 진공동결건조와 냉풍건조에서 증가하였고, 열풍건조에서는 감소하였다. 경도는 열풍건조에서는 건조 36시간 이후 급격하게 증가하였고, 냉풍건조는 서서히 증가하다가 132시간 이후 급격하게 증가하는 모습을 보였다. 건조방법에 따른 품질특성으로 건조수율은 냉풍건조가 24.20%로 가장 높았으며, 열풍건조 20.40%, 진공동결건조 19.41% 순으로 나타났다. 일반성분은 생과에서 수분이 61.76%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 조회분은 열풍건조에서 가장 높게 나타났고, 가용성무질소물, 조단백, 조지방은 진공동결건조에서 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 건조방법에 따른 아로니아의 pH는 3.84~3.92로 큰 차이가 없었으며, 당도는 동결건조($6.57^{\circ}Brix$) > 열풍건조($5.37^{\circ}Brix$) > 냉풍건조($4.40^{\circ}Brix$) > 생과($1.07^{\circ}Brix$) 순으로 나타났다. 무기질 함량은 진공동결건조에서 가장 높았으며, 주요 무기질은 K, Ca, Mg, Na인 것으로 나타났다. 아로니아에 함유된 당은 fructose, glucose 두 종류인 것으로 나타났으며, 진공동결건조가 20.59 g/100 g으로 가장 높은 함량을 가진 것으로 나타났다.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.299-306
• /
• 1998

T-butyl alcohol (TBA) freeze-drying method originally designed by Inoue and Osadake (1989) was adopted to dry specimens for scanning electron microscopy and the results were compared with those dried using critical point dryer (CPD). Small pieces $(1\times1\times3mm)$ of liver of Sprague-Dawley rats were cut and fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer after anesthesia, and processed for scanning electron microscopy by several modifications of TBA freeze-drying methods and by the standard preparation method using CPD. The bile canaliculi and sinusoidal endothelial surface were observed. Tissue dehydrated with TBA before TBA freeze-drying preserved the structures best comparable to those prepared with CPD. This result suggests that combination of dehydration with TBA and TBA freeze-drying is a superior method to the original TBA freeze-drying method dehydrated with ethanol.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제29권9호
• /
• pp.735-740
• /
• 2006

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) quickly attenuate or are killed during the freeze-drying process and storage. The effect of some natural polysaccharides, which are known as potent antitumor and immunomodulating substances, on the viability of the LAB, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium breve, on freeze-drying and storage were investigated. Among the polysaccharides tested, red ginseng polysaccharide (RGP) and chitosan significantly inhibited the cell death of the LAB during freeze-drying, and fucoidan and RGP most potently protected the cell death of the LAB during storage. The stabilities of the LAB on the addition of RGP and fucoidan were comparable to that of skimmed milk. However, white ginseng polysaccharide (WGP) did not promote storage stability. When 5% skimmed milk/5% RGP treated LAB were freeze-dried and stored, their viabilities were found to be significantly higher those treated with 5% or 10% RGP. The stabilizing effect of 5% RGP/5% skimmed milk during LAB freeze-drying and storage stability was comparable to that of treatment with 10% skimmed milk. Based on these findings, we believe that RGP beneficially improves the stability of LAB during the freeze-dry process and storage.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.283-293
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 생산과 수요가 늘고 있는 마디풀과 하수오의 최적 건조방법 구명을 통한 식품소재화 및 산업화를 목적으로 수행하였다. 하수오의 최적 건조방법을 구명하기 위해 열풍건조, 음건 및 동결건조 적하수오의 일반성분, 유리당, 아미노산 및 지방산 등을 비교분석하였다. 건물량을 기준으로 건조방법에 따른 적하수오의 일반성분 함량을 비교 하였을 때, 수분함량은 동결건조 적하수오가 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 유리당 분석에서 총 유리당 함량은 동결건조 적하수오에서 높게 나타났으며, fructose, glucose 및 sucrose의 함량 역시 동결건조 적하수오, 음건 적하수오, 열풍건조 적하수오 순으로 높게 나타났다. 유기산은 총 5종이 검출되었으며, oxalic acid가 가장 높게 나타났다. 적하수오의 주요 구성 아미노산은 arginine, glutamic acid, proline, serine, lysine 등이며, 총아미노산 함량, 필수아미노산 함량은 모두 동결건조 적하수오에서 높게 나타났다. 총 구성 아미노산 중 필수아미노산 함량 비율은 음건 적하수오에서 높게 나타났다. 유리 아미노산은 세가지 건조방법 모두에서 arginine과 proline이 함량이 높게 나타났으며, 총아미노산 함량, 필수아미노산 함량 및 총 구성 아미노산 중 필수아미노산 함량 비율은 모두 동결건조 적하수가 가장 높게 나타났다. 적하수오의 무기성분은 총4종이 검출되었으며, potassium이 가장 많았으며, sodium이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 적하수오에서 지방산은 포화지방산인 palmitic acid 1종과 불포화지방산인 oleic acid와 linoleic acid 2종이 검출되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 하수오의 유용성분 손실이 가장 적은 건조방법은 동결건조로 생각되며, 산업적인 측면에서 비용을 고려한 건조방법은 건조온도를 조절한 열품건조 방법의 고안이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제42권3호
• /
• pp.284-289
• /
• 1998

The effect of reaction condition, solvent addition and thermal treatment on the bulk density, crystallinity and chemical properties of the freeze-dried cefazohn sodium was inves tigated to prepare the cefazolin sodium powder for injection with good flowability. Crystalline cefazolin sodium powder with high untapped-bulk density (about 45%) and low compressibility (about 40%) was obtained by solvent addition to the very highly concentrated cefazohn sodium solution followed by subsequent thermal treatment before freeze-drying. The desirable solvent was low substituted alcohol such as isopropyl alcohol and anhydrous ethanol with the final concentration of about 9%. The pH adjustment and nitrogen gas purging during the reaction did not give significant effect on the chemical properties such as content, color, transmittance and pH of the reconstituted cefazolin sodium aqueous solution.

• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.107-113
• /
• 2007

This study is to investigate adhesive properties depending on the temperature, humidity, and freeze-thraw of the Steel plate adhesive strengthening method by the epoxy resin. The results are summarized as following. For the temperature variation, the debonding failure appear only after 1 cycle of temperature varoation because the coefficient of thermal expansion of the epoxy resin is comparatively large, and the bonding strength is decreased. The deformation properties and ultrasonic pulse velocity on each materials are similar until 4 cycles on the dry and moisture test. As the freeze-thraw test, the epoxy resin is degraded easily subjected to freeze-thaw cycle, comparatively easy, so the debonding failure may occur in short term because of the freeze-thaw repeatition.p

• Journal of Information Display
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2005

The density controlled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are grown on the iron acetate nanoparticles by using the freeze-dry method. The iron-acetate [Fe(II)$(CH_3COO)_2$] solution is used to prepare the catalytic iron nanoparticles. The density of CNTs is controlled in order to enhance the field emission process. Furthermore, the patterning of the iron nanoparticle catalyst-layer for the fabrication of electronic devices is simply achieved by using alkaline solution, TMAH (tetramethylammonium hydroxide). We applied this patterning process of catalyst layer to form the electron emitter with under-gate type triode structure.