• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.32-39
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• 2009

The Samcheonpo ocean small hydropower plant (SHP) has a special feature of using marginal hydraulic head of circulating water system of fossil fuel power plant as a power source and having the characteristics of general hydropower generation and tidal power generation as well. Also, it contributes to reducing green house gases and developing clean energy source by recycling circulating water energy otherwise dissipated into the ocean. The efficiency of small hydropower plant is directly affected by effective head and flow rate of discharged water. Therefore, the efficiency characteristics of ocean hydropower plant are analyzed with the variation of water level and flow rate of discharged water, which is based on the accumulated operation data of the Samcheonpo hydropower plant. After the start of small hydropower plant operation, definite rise of water level was observed. As a result of flow pattern change from free flow to submerged flow, the instability of water surface in overall open channel is increased but it doesn't reach the extent of overflowing channel or having an effect on circulation system. Performance evaluation result shows that the generating power and efficiency of small hydropower exceeds design requirements in all conditions. Analysis results of CWP's water flow rate verify that the amount of flowing water is measured less and the highest efficiency of small hydropower plant is achieved when the effective head has its maximum value. In conclusion, efficiency curve derived from water flow rate considering tidal level shows the best fitting result with design criteria curve and it is verified that overall efficiency of hydropower system is satisfactory.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.317-321
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• 2015

Many kinds of generation systems have been developed to use ocean energy. Among these, with the use of an oscillating water column (OWC) for power generation is attracting attention. The OWC-type wave power generation system converts wave energy into electricity by operating a generator turbine with the oscillating water level in a column of water. There are two ways to convert wave power into electricity using an OWC. One uses a cross-flow turbine using the water level inside the OWC. The other method uses the flow of air in a Wells turbine, which depends on the water level. An experiment was carried out using a 2-D wave tank in order to minimize the number of empirical tests. The design factors were taken from Koo et al. (2012) and the experimental environment assumed by free surface motion. This paper deals with characteristics of two types of wave energy conversion systems combine with a breakwater. One model uses an air-driven Wells turbine and a cross-flow water turbine. The other type uses a cross-flow water turbine. Wave energy converters with OWCs have mostly been studied using air-driven Wells turbines. The efficiency of the cross-flow turbine was about 15% higher than that of the other model, and the water level of the OWC internal chamber for the cross-flow water turbine and air-driven Wells turbine was less than about 40% lower than the one using only the cross-flow water turbine.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.629-636
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• 2010

This study is to investigate the aerodynamic effects of the Rotor-Fuselage Interactions in forward flight, and is conducted by using an improved time-marching free-wake panel method. To resolve the instability caused by the close proximity of the wake to the blade surface, the field velocity approach is added to the prior unsteady panel code. This modified method is applied to the ROBIN(ROtor Body Interaction) problem, which had been conducted experimentally in NASA. The calculated results, pressure distribution on fuselage surface and induced inflow ratio without and with the rotor, are compared with the experimental results. The developed code shows not only very accurate prediction of the aerodynamic characteristics for the rotor-fuselage interaction problem but also the rotor wake development.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

A new computational program, which is based on the CIP/CCUP(Constraint Interpolation Profile/CIP Combined Unified Procedure) method, has been developed to numerically analyse sloshing phenomena dealt as multiphase-flow problems. For the convection terms of Navier-Stokes equations, the RCIP(Rational function CIP) method was adopted and the THINC-WLIC(Tangent of Hyperbola for Interface Capturing-Weighted Line Interface Calculation) method was used to capture the air/water interface. To validate the present numerical method, two-dimensional dam-breaking and sloshing problems in a rectangular tank were solved by the developed method in a stationary Cartesian grid system. In the case of sloshing problems, simulations by using a improved MPS(Moving Particle Simulation) method, which is named as PNU-MPS(Pusan National University-MPS), were also carried out. The computational results are compared with those of experiments and most of the comparisons are reasonably good.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.237.2-237.2
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• 2010

Although oscillating water column type wave energy devices are nearing the stage of commercial exploitation, there is still much to be learnt about many facets of their hydrodynamic performance. The techniques of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) are applied to simulate a wave energy conversion device in free surface such as waves. This research uses the commercially available ANSYS CFX computational fluid dynamics flow solver to model a complete oscillating water column system with savonius turbine incorporated at the rear bottom of the OWC chamber in a three dimensional numerical wave tank. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of an average wave condition on the performance and internal flow of a newly developed direct drive turbine (DDT) model for wave energy conversion numerically. The effects of blade angle and front lip shape on the hydrodynamic efficiency are investigated. The results indicated that the developed models are suitable to analyze the water flow characteristics both in the chamber and in the turbine. For the turbine, the numerical results of torque were compared for the all cases. The results of the testing have also illustrated that simple changes to the front wall aperture shape can provide marked improvements in the efficiency of energy capture for OWC type devices.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.15-19
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• 2015

A fishway is a structure on or around artificial and natural barriers, such as dams, locks and waterfalls, to help fishes' natural migration. In this paper, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code, termed SNUFOAM is used to analyze vertical hydraulic characteristic of rollway of fishway. Volume-of-fluid (VOF) method was used to handle free-surface. It is important to determine the factors influencing flow characteristics in fishway because fish use directional information from the flow characteristics to navigate through fishway. Fishway was modeled in 2-D and the influence of the stream velocity, slope, and weir height of fishway was tested. In results, the transition Reynolds number was $2{\times}10^5{\sim}3{\times}10^5$.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.22-26
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• 2011

The resistance performances of a small leisure yacht with two different keels, center and double, respectively, are investigated using a model test at circulating water channel and CFD analysis. Flow patterns around the keels are observed using a tuft test to make clear the relation between the resistance performance and the flow characteristics around the keels. The results show that the keel does not affect free surface flows and that the double keel yacht has better performance compared to a single keel yacht in oblique condition from the resistance point of view.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 1982

Glucose oxidase from A. niger was entrapped in polyacrylamide gel which was used in the enzyme electrode for glucose analysis. The electrode was assembled by placing the gel between the membranes on the surface of a Clark type electrode. In order to make it possible to analyze the experimental results later, the stagnation flow was adopted wheree the governing fluid mechanics were well known. The current increased with the increase concentration in the bulk below a certain level of glucose concentration beyond which no more current increase was observed. This is probably due to the diffusion limitation of oxygen from the bulk solution. Also the current increased witll the enzyme loading in the gel, but the linearity between the current and the glucose concentration was rather limited to a narrow range. Flow rate was found to be very important, which means that film diffusion is very important under the flow rate of 5cm/sec. As a conclusion, enzyme loading, gel layer thickness, stirring speed and bulk concentration of glucose were found to be most improtant parameters in yielding a linar current reponse with respect to the bulk glucose concentration.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2000

The LiBr-H₂O absorption process on a horizontal tube has been analyzed numerically. The flow field, which was calculated in the authors' previous study by solving the fully elliptic Navier-Stokes equations with accurate free-surface-tracking method, is used to solve the temperature and concentration distributions in the absorption film. With the assumption that the absorbent is linear, calculations have been made for various inlet temperature and flow-rate conditions. For low inlet temperature, the absorption rate is large in the upstream region but the mean temperature also increases and as a result the absorption decreases as the film flows to downstream while high-inlet-temperature case does the opposite. The difference in the absorption rate due to the inlet temperature change becomes smaller in the downstream than that in the upstream. For large flow rate, the heat transfer to the wall becomes poor due to the thick film and so does the absorption rate. The analyses have also been carried out for multiple tube arrangement and the results show that the absorption rate converges after a few tube rows.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.141-146
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• 2007

We examine the wall contact of a $3\;{\mu}m$ tethered DNA chain's free end under shear with a focus on developing schemes for double-tethering in the application of making scaffolds for molecular wires. At this scale our results are found to be highly dependent on small length scale rigidity. Chain-end-wall contact frequency, mean fractional extension deficit upon contact, and standard deviation in extension upon contact are examined for scaling with dimensionless flow strength, Wi. Predictions made using a one dimensional approximation to the Smoluchowski equation for a dumbbell and three dimensional dumbbell simulations produce extension deficit, standard deviation, and frequency scaling exponents of -1/3, -1/3, and 2/3, respectively whereas more fine-grained Kratky-Porod (KP) simulations produce scaling exponents of -0.48, -0.42, and 0.76. The contact frequency scaling of 2/3 is derived from the known results regarding cyclic dynamics Analytical scaling predictions are in agreement with those previously proposed for ${\lambda}-DNA$. [Ladoux and Doyle, 2000, Doyle et al., 2000]. Our results suggest that the differences between the dumbbell and the KP model are associated with the addition of chain discretization and the correct bending potential in the latter. These scaling results will aide future exploration in double tethering of DNA to a surface.