• 통상정보연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.147-170
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• 2013

2011년에 한 페루간의 FTA가 발효되면서 양당사국은 협정 발효 이후 10년 이내에 모든 관세를 철폐하기로 합의하였다. 이로 인해 한국의 남미지역 수출이 증가하게 되었으며 페루 내수시장의 점유율도 상승하게 되었다. 한국은 아연과 구리 등의 광물자원을 대부분 수입하고 있으며 승용차와 컬러 TV등의 주력 품목을 페루에 수출하고 있다. 특히 FTA 발효 이후 한국의 수출품목 중에서 컬러 TV의 수출이 큰 폭으로 증가하였다. 현재 한국과 페루의 교역 및 투자환경을 살펴보면 제한된 수출품목으로 진출이 이루어지고 있으며 투자 역시 다양한 산업분야가 아닌 광업분야에 집중되어 있는 상황이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 한 페루 FTA 발효 이후 양국사이의 교역구조 변화를 살펴보고 문제점과 이에 대한 개선방안을 분석하여 향후 페루시장 진출을 확대할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• 고려인삼연구와산업
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.3-8
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• 2007

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2016

South Korea and Mongolia are both the member countries of the World Trade Organization, but neither was the country with FTA. Nowadays, South Korea widely concludes the FTA with other countries, and the trade area has extended toward the neighboring continents and seas. Mongolia is a country with smallest economic entity but large in area and with abundant underground resources. And it's a main strategic zone of Eurasia. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Mongolia began to turn to market economy, and eagerly made effort to open and reform. With the expanse of trade and economy cooperation between South Korea and Mongolia, Mongolia started its sea road expanding. And the south Korea went to inland to get the necessary resources. Both of them feed its needs and obtain its profits.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.67-90
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• 2016

This paper provides an assessment of the potential economic impacts of the Vietnam-Korea free trade agreement on Vietnam, by using general equilibrium modeling. The results show that Vietnam-Korea FTA will increase aggregate welfare for both countries in the long run. The most important gains accrue from better allocation of resources consequent to trade liberalization. All the sectoral differences and changes are consistent with the trade profiles of the two countries, and the long-run results are more pronounced than those of the short-run. In comparison with other ASEAN countries, the CGE analysis suggests that Vietnam's agriculture exports to Korea would especially rise in the long run. However, there will be strong competition in this sector among ASEAN members. Thus, an earlier conclusion of a comprehensive FTA with Korea is expected to be a good strategy for Vietnam, so as to avoid the direct competition with ASEAN members in the future.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.309-330
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• 2013

4개 국가의 지역 무역협정으로 시작된 환태평양연대협정(TPP)은 미국의 적극적 참여와 일본이 참여 의사를 밝히면서 거대규모의 무역협정으로 확대되었다. 한국은 아직 유보적인 입장이지만 미국의 꾸준한 요청과 아시아 태평양 지역을 아우르는 규모를 감안하여 참여를 타진할 것으로 생각된다. 미국이 주도하는 TPP의 협정내용은 기존에 체결된 FTA를 기반으로 하여 구성될 것으로 예상되고 있다. 꾸준한 발전이 기대되는 전자상거래 분야는 이를 선도하고 있는 미국이 자신들이 유리한 부분을 적극적으로 제시할 것으로 예상되는 바, 한국이 참여한다면 한 미 FTA 등의 기존 협정 분야에서 우리에게 유리했던 부분 등을 적극 제시하고 향후 한국이 전자상거래 시장을 선도하는 방향으로 협상에 임하는 것이 중요하다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제61권
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• pp.303-325
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• 2014

As the development of information and globalization of world economy enters new condition, the stake of every nation's makes more complwx, and multilateral negotiation lead by WTO is seriously delayed. But the number of agreement about FTA increase exponentially. In this study we aim to consider whether Korean FTA affects the relation of the trade of Korea and Japan or not, especially Automobile industry. The composition of this paper is as follows. Chap. 1 is Introduction. In Chap. 2, we consider the change of the Trade Policy of Korea focusing in FTA. In Chap. 3, we consider how Korean FTA affect the structure of Japan's Trade, especially the automobile industry of Korea and Japan. In Chap. 4, we have conclusion. As the conclusion, the impact to the automobile industry of Korea and Japan is that Korean FTA works to Korean automobile industry advantageously in micro level, but in macro level, the competition of world automobile industry move into a next generation technology market.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.353-372
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• 2008

The economic development system of Korea is based on export-oriented strategy and the free trade agreement. So Korea is trying to conclude the free trade agreement with China, Japan, and EU. The reason is that Korea will have more chances to develop there economy scale and trade surplus, but it will give the worst economic situation. The research showed that the effects of FTA on Korea's GDP will be much greater than China's and Korea's trade surplus with China will expand in the manufacturing sector, but agricultural and marine products are layed in opposite situation. Especially comparing with other Provincial, Gwangju Jeonnam has a relative importance portion of agricultural and marine products. So, Gwangju Jeonnam have to prepare the effects of agricultural and marine products under the Korea China FTA.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.84-104
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• 2019

Purpose - This paper explains why free trade agreements (FTAs) are more popular than customs unions (CUs) in respect of tariff coordination. Design/methodology - This paper employs an equilibrium theory of trade agreements with tariff coordination. I set up three-country partial equilibrium model with competing exporters. Domestic and exporting firms decide their optimal production under given tariffs and each country levies its tariff under the trade agreements. I found stability of implicit tariff coordination and preference of each country between an FTA and a CU. Findings - I demonstrate that two FTA members can keep their external tariffs higher than separately decided external tariffs by keeping the status-quo. This implicit tariff coordination can benefit each member through trade diversion. In a CU, each member country must have a common optimal external tariff and it must incur costs because each country may seek different external tariffs for their own national welfare. The benefit of implicit coordination in an FTA and the cost of explicit coordination in a CU account for the popularity of the FTA. Originality/value - This paper uses the idea of implicit tariff coordination in trade agreements. In a CU, tariff coordination is explicit and mandatory. All member countries must have a single common external tariff for each good. On the other hand, in an FTA, each country establishes its external tariff with the goal of maximizing its own welfare. However, each country can also coordinate "implicitly" by keeping the status-quo after establishing an FTA.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2020

Purpose - This paper tries to estimate the effects of China's and Japan's free trade agreement (FTA) by panel generalized least squares (GLS). Design/methodology - The GLS model includes the basic gravity theory and Difference in Difference (DD) method to divide FTA conclusion countries and non-FTA conclusion countries with China and Japan. In order to empirically research the difference between Chinese and Japanese FTAs, we use the Difference in Difference in Difference (DDD) method. Findings - This paper finds the distance variable has more influence on Japanese than Chinese trade. The exchange rate indicates that Chinese trade depends on export and Japanese trade has the structure of re-import; shows that the countries that concluded FTAs with China and Japan have more positive trade effects than those that did not; finds the Chinese FTA promotion effects greater than the Japanese FTA because China had pushed ahead with trade policy since joining the WTO in 2001. Originality/value - This study shows that a single country's FTA and trade policies are an important factor concerning not just the promotion of trade but also the issue of trade conflicts.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.183-215
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to study of WTO regulations related FTA such as Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XXIV of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(GATT) 1994 and General Agreement on Trade in Service(GATS). In this study, the First introduced FTA rules of WTO in the chapter 2. The WTO agreement includes the "General Agreement on Tariffs an Trade(GATT) 1994". This instrument, known as "GATT 1994", is based on upon the original General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade referred to as "GATT 1947". The Second analyzed the relations between FTA and Article XXIV of GATT 1994 in the chapter 3. The Article XXIV of GATT 1994 is an agreement between the distinctive members for liberalizing trade. The Article XXIV of GATT 1994 is consist of three parts such as customs unions, free-trade area, and interim agreements that WTO is referred to as "Regional Trade Agreement(RTA)". There is a difference between the customs unions and the free-trade area. In the customs unions rules, the members should have the same tarifficatio and the same trade provision against non-members, but in the free-trade are a rules, the member is not necessary to have the same tarifficatio and the same trade provision against non-members. But, the both rules have a liberalization of trade in a common as a revoking tariffs and the government regulations for interfering with trade. In this case, however, the both rules include an inconsistency ele ment under WTO rules such as Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment(MFN) and National Treatment on Internal Taxation and Regulation(NTITR). This study reviewed neither inconsistency nor consistency on the both rules with the RTA of WTO under Article XXIV of GATT 1994. The Third analyzed the relations between FTA and Article V of GATS under WTO in the chapter 4. The GATS is a rule of WTO for the growing importance of trade in services for the growth and development of the world conomy. The GATS is a new rule rather than GATT's rule for concerning goods trade. The Article V of GATS under WTO is a rule that makes based on upon the Article XXIV of GATT. Therefore, If it is to be examined the Article V of GATS, it should be referred to a and an interpretation of the text of the Article XXIV of GATT. However, the Article V of GATS is on the undeveloped stage compare to the Article XXIV of GATT. Because, the statistics of WTO showed that the RTAs under the Article XXIV of GATT have 150 cases completed between nations, but the RTAs under the Article IV of GATS have 10 cases completed between nations. The Forth examined the interpretation of FTA rules under WTO in the chapter 5. Concerning the consistency issue of customs unions and free-trade area under the Article XXIV of GATT, the working parties in customs unions and in free-trade area have been reviewed the consistency is sue which had been not if to GATT. However, the parties finished to get up with one accord the both that are a consistency of argument and an inconsistency of argument with the interpretation of the Article XXIV of GATT. The interpretation of the Article XXIV of GATT has been raised as the issues when EEC by Rome Treaty established in 1957. However, the consistency is sue only agreed 6 working parties out of 69 working parties finished the reviewing of the interpretation up to the end of 1994. Also the consistency issue concerned with the special privilege measure of the customs unions and tree-trade area under the Article XXIV of GATT discussed only 3 cases between working parties up to now and did not accepted as an issue for working parties' report. In conclusion in the chapter 6, this study raised the issues of WTO that are a conference of a new round under WTO and the issues of clarity between FTA rule and WTO regulation.