• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.18-35
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• 1999

Coptidis Rhizoma, Fraxini Cortex, Jinpisan(秦皮散) have been as eye washes of inflammatory eye disease in the oriental medicine. Especially Jinpisan(秦皮散) has been used for the disease which is similar to Peudomonas aeruginisa keratitis. This research was attempted to investigate the effect of Coptidis Rhizoma, Fraxini Cortex, Jinpisan(秦皮散), on Peudoronas aeruginisa keratitis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis causes a deep rapid intense ulceration which often leads to perforation of the cornea within 48 hours. In this research, we induced keratits in the rabbits by inoculating Pesudomonas aeruginosa(9027) and observed the effect on the keratitis and the irritation against the external eye. Also we mesured the minimum inhibitory consentration(MIC) of Coptidis Rhizoma, Fraxini Cortex, Jinpisan(秦皮散) by agar diliution method and the anti-bacterial activites by disk method. The tested bacteria were as follows : a) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9027), b) Streptococcus pneumoniae(6303), c) Staphylococcus epidermidis(12228), d) Staphylococcus aureus(6538P). The results were as follows ; 1. The groups which were applied eye washes of Fraxini Cortex, Jinpisan reavealed a significant effect, but the group applied eye wash of Coptidis Rhizoma reveaded no effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. 2. Applying eye washes of Coptidis Rhizoma, Fraxini Cortex, Jinisan revealed an irritation against external eyes. 3. Coptidis Rhizoma showed an anti-bacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylucoccus aureus by agar diliution method 4. Coptidis Rhizoma showed an anti-bacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus by disk method. 5. Fraxini Cortex showed an anti-bacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus by agar diliution method 6. Fraxini Cortex showed an anti-bacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Sireptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphy1ococcus aureus by disk method. 7. Jinpisan showed an anti-bacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus by agar diliution method. 8. Jinpisan showed an anti-bacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus by disk method. According to the above results, Fraxini Cortex, Jinpisan(秦皮散) are recognized to have an effective treatment on the Pesudomonas aeruginosa keratitis, so this experiment is thought to be a basic ingredient in proving the effect of Fraxini Cortex, Jinpisan which is applied many in documents and clinical medicine. In the comparison of anti-bacterial activity and results of treatment on the Pesudomonas aeruginosa keratitis, Jinpisan(秦皮散) was more effective than Coptidis Rhizoma, Fraxini Cortex.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.149-154
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• 2011

Objectives : Myocardial infarction is caused by heart cell death in a region where coronary arteries supplying blood to the region are occluded. In the present study, we determined whether ethanol extract of Cortex fraxini (HY5053) could attenuate heart injury by inhibiting apoptosis. Methods : Improvement of survival of HepG2 cells, a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, and reduction of apoptosis under hypoxic conditions (3% $O_2$) were assessed by trypan blue staining and DNA fragmentation assay, respectively. To assess the impact of HY5053 on the heart injury, Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 1 day of the left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. HY5053 was given by intraperitoneal injection (200 mg/kg) 1 hr prior to the occlusion. Subsequently, the heart were harvested, excised into 4 slices, and the slices were stained with 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride. Finally, the extent of heart injury represented as ischemic index (%) was assessed. Results : Addition of HY5053 (400 ${\mu}g$/mL) into the culture medium for 1 day under ischemic conditions improved the cell survival by 50%, compared with control (0 ${\mu}g$/mL), consequently delayed apoptosis in 6 hr difference. Also, HY5053 (200 mg/kg) reduced the ischemic index by 44%, compared with control (0 mg/kg). Conclusions : These findings suggested that HY5053 attenuated myocardial infarction by inhibiting apoptosis. Thus, Cortex fraxini could be developed as a novel cardioprotectant to complement a currently available treatment, coronary angioplasty.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.150-154
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• 2005

The radical scavenging effect of the MeOH extract of Fraxini Cortex on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical was examined. The $CH_2Cl_2$-and n-BuOH-soluble fractions of MeOH extract showed the promising DPPH radical scavenging effects, and further purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and reversed-phase C-18 MPLC to yield five coumarins, esculetin (1), fraxidin (2), fraxetin (3), fraxidin $8-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (fraxin methyl ether) (5), esculin (6), and a secoiridoid oleuropein (4), and a coumarin-secoiridoid escuside (7). Compounds 1, 3, and 4 showed potent DPPH radical scavenging effects, exhibiting $IC_{50}$ values of 14.68, 9.64, and $22.03\;{\mu}M$, respectively. Compounds 6 and 7 also showed moderate effects with $IC_{50}$ values of 147.79 and $72.73\;{\mu}M$, respectively. L-Ascorbic acid was used as a positive control and exhibited the $IC_{50}$ value of $50.31\;{\mu}M$.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2001

In the result of investigating traditional chinese medical literatures to understand definite immun opharmacologic effects of drugs for clearing away heat and detoxicating such as Oldenlandiae Diffusae Herba, Fel Ursi, Fraxini Cortex, Pulsatillae Radix, Bruceae Fructus, Portulacea Herba, Patriniae Radix, we could reach conclusions as follows: 1. Oldenlandiae Diffusae Herba can increase voracity of leukocytes and immune function of splen ocytes. 2. Fel Ursi, Patriniae Radix can inhibit acute, chronic inflammation by decreasing voracity of macrophages, monocytes and recover lymphocytes. 3. Fraxini Cortex have anti-inflammatory effect then applied to treat with arthritis. Pulsatillae Radix, Bruceae Fructus, Portulacea Herba have anti-cancer, anti-biotic effects. Above results indicates that drugs for clearing away heat immunosuppressive effect that they can apply to all sorts of inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, DTH, SLE, and cancer.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.695-700
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activity of syringin isolated from Cortex Fraxini to investigate their potential for use as safe natural compounds. Purified syringin was dissolved in distilled water for each concentration and used in each experiment. Syringin showed higher 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging than butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) at a concentration of 50 ㎍/ml. In 2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging, activity was similar to that of BHT at all concentrations. In antioxidant protection factor measurement, activity of syringin slightly increased as the concentration increased, as did the inhibitory effect of thiobarbutric acid reactive substances. In evaluating anti-microbial activity, the clear zones of Listeria monocytogenes KCTC 13064, Staphylococcus aureus KCTC 1916, Escherichia coli KCTC 2571, and Helicobacter pylori HPKCTC B0150 at a concentration of 200 ㎍/ml were found to be 17.8 mm, 20.45 mm, 17.05 mm, and 16.8 mm, respectively, but no clear zone was observed in the case of Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The activity against water-soluble antioxidants was therefore superior to that against lipid-soluble antioxidants. Anti-microbial activity was examined by inhibiting growth against gram-positive and -negative strains, and anti-fungal activity was not observed. Based on the results of this study, syringin has possible applications as a natural anti-oxidant and anti-microbial material.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09b
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• pp.1-11
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• 2003

Chinese herbs have been used for a long period of time and less side effects than synthesized chemical drugs. Therefore, using Chinese herbs as natural additives in cosmetics becomes popular in recent years. The methanol extracts of Scutellariae Radix, Lithospermi Radix, Lonicerae Flos, Andrographitis. Herba, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix, Hedyotis Diffusae Herba, Isatidis Folium, Magnoliae Liliflorae Flos, Forsythiae Fructus, Anmarrhenae Rhizoma, Spirodelae Herba, Gardeniae Fructus, Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Prunellae Spica, Equiseti Hiemalis Herba, Gentianae Radix, Moutan Radicis Cortex, Fraxini Cortex, Lycii Radicis Cortex, Violae Herba, Lophatheri Herba, Matricariae chamomillae Flos, Taraxaci Herba and Scutellariae Barbatae Herba are used to test the efficiency of inhibiting acne pathogens. Twenty-six Chinese herbs are extracted by methanol, and then condensed to dried powder. These extracts are divided into water-soluble part and DMSO soluble part. These two type solutions are tested for the effect on acne pathogens by paper disc diffusion method. The results show that the substances of water soluble part which are Coptidis Rhizoma, Moutan Radicis Cortex, Scutellariae Barbatae Herba have medium to high activity of inhibiting acne pathogents, and the substances of DMSO soluble part which are Coptidis Rhizoma, Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix, Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, Moutan Radicis Cortex, Scutellariae Radix, Scutellariae Barbatae Herba also have medium to high activity of inhibiting acne pathogens. Using Chinese herbs as natural additives in cosmetics is convenience and valuable application in cosmetceutical research and development. Therefore, it is worth that re-investigation and find out the potential of Chinese herbs being use in cosmetics.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Oriental Medical Informatics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.26-47
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• 2005

In this dissertation, I will focus on the channel entry, the effect, and the treatment throughout books of oriental medicine from ancient to modern in order to classify the medicines of the liver as main or supplementary organ. The results are as follows: 1. The kinds of the medicines of working of the liver(本臟) were 29, which were Amydae carapax(鱉甲), Chrysanthemi Flos(菊花), Cassiae Torae Semen(草決明), Plantaginis Semen(車前子), Scirpi Seu Sparganii(三稜), Ulmi Pasta Semen(蕪荑), Cinnamomi Cortex(肉桂), Fraxini Cortex(秦皮), Chaenomelis Fructus(木果), Corii Asini Colla(阿膠), Chuanxiong Rhizoma(川芎), Adenophorae Radix(沙蔘), Coicis Semen(薏苡仁), Acanthopanacis Cortex(五加皮), Zizyphi Spinosae Semen(酸棗仁), Picrorrhizae Rhizoma(胡黃連), Gentianae Radix(草龍膽), Citri Reticulatae Virdie Pericarpium(靑皮), Paeoniae Alba Radix(白芍藥), Paeoniae Rubra Radix(赤芍藥), Bupleuri Radix(柴胡), Peucedani Radix(前胡), Naturalis Indigo(靑黛), Citrus unshiu(橘葉), Rhinocerotis Cornu(犀角), Aucklandiae Radix(木香), Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, Farfarae Flos(款冬花), Evodiae Fructus(吳茱萸), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium(陳皮) . 2. The kinds of the medicines of working of other viscera(他臟) were 7, which were Astragaliadix(黃耆), Ginseng Radix(人蔘), pinelliae Rhizoma(半夏), Myristicae Semen, Euryales Semen, Arecae Semen, Piperis Longi Fructus. 3. Medicines, effected on the heart functioned through any other viscera are as follows: Arecae Semen works to treat Spleen Gi Entering the Liver(脾氣入肝), Piperis Longi Fructus, pinelliae Rhizoma(半夏), Euryales Semen and Myristicae Semen operate to treat Spleen Cold Entering the Liver(脾冷入肝), Astragali Radix(黃耆) and Ginseng Radix(人蔘) work to treat Spleen Vacuity Entering the Liver(脾虛入肝). In the study of concerning the medicines effected on the liver, It is considered that it dedicated to development of the medicines related to the disease of the liver and making efficient use of the medicines.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.250-257
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• 2007

This study was performed to provide basic for predicting the usefulness of Gastrodiae rhizoma(Cho'nma) as a food material for oriental applied diet therapy(YackSun). Thus, Gastrodiae rhizoma was used to develop a traditional Korean snack, Dasik. As a useful food resource, Gastrodiae rhizoma along with Cortex fraxini powder, was used to prepare Dasik. Cho'nma powder was added to the Dasik 63.2%(Dasik-1), 42.2%(Dasik-2) and 21.0%(Dasik-5) of Cho'nma powder to Dasik in one piece(5 g). The moisture and crude ash contents of the Dasik-1, 2 and 3 were analyzed. Physio-chemical analysis and a sensory test were also performed on the Dasik. Moisture and crude ash contents of Dasik-1 were 20.16% and 0.65%, respectively. Moisture and crude ash contents of Dasik-2 and Dasik-3 were 22.92 and 27.17% and 0.49 and 0.23% respectively. from the color test, the t value of Dasik-1 was found to be significantly low but the b value of Dasik-1 significantly high compared with the other preparations. The addition of Cho'nma had a tendency to impart high hardness, fracturability, gumminess and chewiness. Therefore, the addition of Cho'nma made the texture of Dasik denser. From the sensory test, the color, chewiness and overall acceptability of Dasik-1 were found to be significantly high. In conclusion, the addition of 63.2% Cho'nma per piece would be a useful recipe to enhance the quality of Dasik, and the flour Cho'nma showed better result than the Dasik-2 and Dasik-3.