• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.698-704
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• 1989

We experienced the seven cases of penetrating and non-penetrating cardiac injuries combined with cardiac tamponade from June 1986 to June 1989 at Seoul and Chun-An Hospital of SOONCHUNHYANG medical college. The results were as follows. l. In sex distribution, 7 cases were male. In age distribution, The fourth decades occupied about 58 % of all cases. 2. In mode of injury, 4 cases were stab wounds, 1 case penetration by metallic fragment, 2 cases blunt chest trauma. 3. We routinely checked the CVP with subclavian vein catheterization in case of suspicious cardiac tamponade. Significant increments were showed in 4 cases. 4. Becks triad [low blood pressure, raised central venous pressure, distant heart sound] were recorded in 43 % of the cases with proven tamponades. 5. The sites of injury included RV in 4 cases, LV in 1 case, RA in 1 case and branch of RCA in 1 case. The RV injuries were the most common. 6. Coronary artery damage occurred in 2 cases. LADA was severed in 1 case combined with RV rupture and branch of RCA was torn 1 case. 7. Pericardiocentesis was performed 1 case at another hospital before referring to our hospital. We have never used the procedure because we think that it is potentially dangerous with no clear benefit. 8. Subxyphoid pericardial window was performed in 2 cases of severe cardiac tamponade. We have employed this method to stabilize the patients who had systolic hypotension. 9. Surgical approaches were performed with median sternotomy in 3 cases, thoracotomy in 4 cases. 10. We undertook the simple closure in 6 penetrating cardiac wounds. The removal of impacted metallic fragment was performed under the cardiopulmonary bypass. Simple ligation was performed in 2 cases of coronary artery severance 11. One patient with no sign of life was urgently intubated and undertaken an emergency room thoracotomy on the stretch car without antiseptic preparation. The cardiorrhaphy in 6 cases were performed in the operating theater 12. One patient undertaken emergency room thoracotomy did not survive due to refractory hypovolemic shock. But the remaining 6 patients recovered.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.322-327
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• 2009

A total of 23 isolates of Botrytis cinerea causing the grey mold were collected from infected ginseng in several fields of Korea. The sensitivity to carbendazim and the mixture of carbendazim plus diethofencarb was determined through a mycelial inhibition test on PDA amended with or without fungicides. B. cinerea isolates were classified as 3 phenotypes, which were the first phenotype resistant to both of carbendazim and the mixture ($Car^RMix^R$), the second one resistant to carbendazim and sensitive to the mixture ($Car^RMix^S$), and the last one sensitive to both of them ($Car^RMix^S$). Carbendazim resistance correlated with a single mutation $\beta$-tubulin gene of B. cinerea amplified with primer pair tubkjhL and tubkjhR causing a change of glutamate to alanine at amino acid position 198. Furthermore, the substitution of valine for glutamate led the resistance to carbendazim and the mixture at the same position of amino acid. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis using the restriction endonuclease, Tsp451 and BstUI allowed differentiation of the PCR fragment of $\beta$-tubulin gene of $Car^SMix^S$ isolates from that of $Car^RMix^R$ and $Car^RMix^S$ isolates. This method will aid in a fast detection of resistance of carbendazim and the mixture of carbendazim plus diethofencarb in B. cinerea in ginseng field.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.1154-1158
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• 2013

Ganciclovir resistance of human cytomegalovirus is associated with mutations in the viral UL97 gene and poses severe problems for immunocompromised patients. In this study, PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing analyses detected the UL97 D605E mutation in all five clinical isolates from patients with ganciclovir-resistant human cytomegalovirus infection during prolonged ganciclovir therapy, whereas the M460V mutation was only present in 1 of 5 isolates. On the other hand, the detection rates of the D605E mutation in the stored available DNA samples from the donor and allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients were 66.7% and 93.7%, respectively, suggesting that the presence of D605E mutation was not associated with the ganciclovir exposure. Although the D605E mutation may not be related to ganciclovir resistance, we suggest that this mutation could be an important molecular marker of human cytomegalovirus evolution in East Asian countries. Moreover, the restriction fragment length polymorphism method using the restriction enzyme HaeIII, which is generally used to detect the UL97 A591V mutation, could also detect the D605E mutation and may therefore be a useful tool for future research on the investigation of UL97 gene mutations.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.80-88
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• 2010

In order to offer a better understanding of air pollution of China as well as East Asia we attempted to characterize the chemical properties of the raw coal materials mined in China and their combusted bottom ashes generated from coal fired power plant. To this end, we measured the chemical characteristics of individual bottom ashes and feed coal fragments collected at a coal fired power generator which was operated with the raw coal dug at a coal mine in China. The chemical properties of these two sample types were determined by a synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) microprobe method. Through an application of such technique, it was possible to draw the 2D elemental maps in and/or on raw coal fragments and fired bottom ashes. The pulverized fine pieces of feed coal mainly consisted of mineral components such as Fe, Ca, Ti, Ca, and Si, while Fe was detected as overwhelming majority. The elemental mass of combusted bottom ash shows strong enrichment of many elements that exist naturally in coal. There were significant variations in chemical properties of ash-to-ash and fragment-to-fragment. Although we were not able to clearly distinguish As and Pb peaks because of the folding in their X-ray energies, these two elements can be used as tracers of coal fire origin.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.803-809
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• 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Oxidative DNA damage may contribute to cancer risk and the antioxidant paraoxonase is one endogenous free radical scavenger in the human body which could therefore exert an influeence. Purpose: Aim of this study was to determine the role of serum arylesterase (ARE) and paraoxonase 1(PON1) activities in CRC patients and to find any association between (PON1) Q192R and L55M gene polymorphisms in CRC patients. Also the serum ARE and PON1 activities in CRC patients will be investigated before and after surgery Materials and Methods: This study involved a total of 50 patients with newly diagnosed CRC and 80 healthy controls. PON1 and ARE activities were determined using an enzymatic spectrophotometric method. PON1 Q192R and L55M gene polymorphisms were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) based restriction fragment analysis. The restriction enzyme AlwI was used to examine the Q192R polymorphism and Hsp92II for the L55M polymorphism. Results: Significant differences in the PON1 Q192R polymorphism were found between patients and controls. The Q allele was more frequent in the patient group than in controls, while the R allele was more frequent in the controls. Significant differences were found in the L55M polymorphism. Additionally, there were significant differences in L and M allele frequencies (p=0.001). The serum activities of PON1 and ARE were low in QQ and MM genotype. Conclusions: serum PON1 and ARE activities were significantly lower in CRC patients compared to healthy subjects. The R allele may protect against colorectal cancer.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.702-706
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• 1999

대표적인 양식 해조류인 방사무늬 김 엽체를 대상으로 하여 산 처리에 의한 유전형질의 표현 변화를 differential display기법으로 비교하여 보았다. 방사무늬 김 엽체를 0.05% HCl을 첨가한 해수(pH 3.0)에서 5분간 처리한 후 각각 10분, 30분, 60분 그리고 4시간동안 멸균 해수에서 정치 배양시키면서, RNA를 추출하여 cDNA합성, PCR 증폭, agarose gel 전기영동 및 DNA 염기배열을 조사하였다. 그 결과 arbitrary primer OPA 1(CAGGCCCTTC)을 사용하여 differential display한 경우, 산 처리 후 30분간 멸균 해수에서 정치 배양한 엽체에서 특이적으로 RNA 합성이 일어나지 않은 유전자를 분리할 수 있었으며, 그 염기서열을 비교한바 이 유전자 fragment(605 bp)는 dethiobiotin synthetase 유전자와 93%의 높은 상동성을 가진 것으로 나타났다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2020

Objective: Glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 1 (GRIA1) is a subunit of a ligand-gated ion channel that regulates the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) by controlling the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Few studies have investigated the association between the GRIA1 gene and human infertility. This study evaluated the association of the GRIA1 rs548294 C > T and rs2195450 G > A polymorphisms with the ovarian response to human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) in Iranian women. Methods: One hundred women with histories of at least 1 year of infertility were included. On the second day of menstruation, patients were injected with HMG; on the third day, blood samples were collected. After hormonal analysis, the GRIA1 rs548294 C > T and rs2195450 G > A genotypes of samples were identified via the restriction fragment length polymorphism method, and on day 9, the number of follicles was assessed via ultrasound. Results: For the GRIA1 rs548294 C > T and rs2195450 G > A single nucleotide polymorphisms, the subjects with CT and GG genotypes, respectively, displayed the highest mean FSH level, LH level, and number of follicles on day 9 of the menstrual cycle (p< 0.05). Significant positive correlations were observed between LH and FSH (p< 0.01), LH and follicle count (p< 0.01), FSH and age (p< 0.05), follicle count and age (p= 0.048), and FSH and follicle count (p< 0.01). Conclusion: This study showed a significant relationship between GRIA1 polymorphisms and ovarian response to the induction of ovulation. Therefore, determining patients' GRIA1 genotype may be useful for improving treatment and prescribing suitable doses of ovulation-stimulating drugs.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.4339-4345
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• 2013

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of BRCA1 (MIM: 113705) founder mutations in familial breast cancer (BC) patients with high risks in Iran. BRCA1 is among the cancer susceptibility genes best known for high penetrance mutations. BRCA1 genotyping is now used to determine patient counseling, management decisions, and prognosis of this syndrome. Materials and Method: Thirty nine patients with clinical BC and 29 high risk healthy women, related to the patients, participated in the study. DNA from blood samples was extracted and analyzed by PCR and SSCP methods in order to find 185delAG and 5382insC founder mutations. In addition, a 251bp fragment of BRCA1's exon 11 was amplified and analyzed for determination of new mutations. Results: The data indicated the presence of 185delAG and 5382insC founder mutations in both groups studied. Two out of 39 BC patients (5.1%) and one out of 29 relatives (3.4%) were suspected to be carriers of 185delAG mutations. However, we found only one patient (2.6%) to be a carrier of a 5382insC mutation. Also, 2 women (5.1%) of the patient group and 3 n (10.3%) of relatives group were identified as carriers of unclarified mutations in the 251bp fragment of the BRCA1 gene. The carriers of BRCA1 founder mutations have a high lifetime risk of breast cancer. Conclusions: Therefore, these data are useful in counseling of individuals with a significant family history of breast cancer.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.299-305
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• 2002

2001년 경북지역의 설사환자로부터 분리된, Salmonella Enteritidis SY9 균주로부터 ampicillin, chloramphenicol, sulfonamide, streptomycin, tetracycline에 내성을 가지는 40 kb plasmid를 분리하였다. pCAST2 라고 명명한 이 다제내성 plasmid로부터 sulfonamide, streptomycin, tetracycline 내성유전자를 가지는 약 7 kb의 Sacl 단편을 클로닝 하였다. 이 7 kb 단편 염기서열의 내성유전자의 구조는 sulII-strA-strB-tetR-tetA의 집락으로 기존에 보고되지 않은 새로운 유전자 배열을 나타내었다. 본 연구에서는 내성유전자 집락을 검출할수 있는 primer를 제작하여 PCR 분석을 통해서 이들 구조를 탐지할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. 또한 PCR 분석을 통한 구조 비교로, 이 집락이 2002년 8월에 경북지역에서 산발적으로 발생한 Salmonella 균주에서도 발견됨을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.281-288
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• 2016

복합재는 재료 불균질성에 의해 고속 충돌 시 방호성능 자료가 산포한다. 본 연구에서는 다수의 충돌시험으로 복합판재 잔류속도 산포를 확보하고 수치해석으로 예측하는 방법을 정립하였다. 먼저 10개의 동일 시편으로 인장시험을 수행하여 파단변형률 산포를 얻었다. 같은 재료로 제작된 4ply([0/90]s)와 8ply([0/90/0/90]s) GFRP(Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic) 복합판재에 FSP(Fragment Simulating Projectile) 고속 충돌시험을 동일 조건에서 다수 수행하여 잔류속도 산포를 얻었다. 인장시험에서 얻어진 파단 변형률 분포를 이용하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 충돌속도는 4ply와 8ply 각각 411.7m/s와 592.5m/s이다. 시험 결과와 비교하여 적절한 잔류속도의 산포를 예측할 수 있었다. 추가적으로 복합판재의 경우 Solid요소 대비 Layered Solid요소로 모델링하면 계산시간이 감소되었다.