• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.132-137
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• 2001

Miniaturized specimen technology is useful to characterize the mechanical behavior using a minimum volume of material, because it is almost impossible to sample the conventional specimen for the fracture toughness test without damage to equipment. Test material was 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel which was widely used for turbine rotor material. Two kinds of miniaturized impact specimens were prepared, i.e., miniaturized specimen with side groove and without side groove. The correlation between ductile brittle transition temperature(DBTT) of full size impact specimen and that of miniaturized impact specimen was made. The characteristics of miniaturized impact specimens technique as well as fracture stress were discussed. Finally, we concluded that the characteristics of fracture stress change on aging time were similar to that of DBTT.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.209-221
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• 2002

In this paper a fracture criterion is proposed for cracked cylindrical samples of high-strength prestressing steels of different yield strength. The surface crack is assumed to be semi-elliptical, a geometry very adequate to model sharp defects produced by any subcritical mechanism of cracking: mechanical fatigue, stress-corrosion cracking, hydrogen embrittlement or corrosion fatigue. Two fracture criteria with different meanings are considered: a global (energetic) criterion based on the energy release rate G, and a local (stress) criterion based on the stress intensity factor $K_I$. The advantages and disadvantages of both criteria for engineering design are discussed in this paper on the basis of many experimental results of fracture tests on cracked wires of high-strength prestressing steels of different yield strength and with different degrees of strength anisotropy.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.53-62
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• 1996

Recently, ceramic / metal bonded joints have led to inccreasing use of structural materials such as automobile, heat engine in various industries. In this paper, a method to analyze an interface crack under both residual stresses and applied loading was proposed. and some results of boundary element method(BEM) analysis Were presented, Fracture thoughness tests of ceramic/metals bonded joints with an interface crack Were carried out, and the stress intensity factors of these joints Ware analyzed by BEM. Also crack propagtion direction was simulated numerically by using BEM. Crack propagation angle was able to easily determine based on the maximum stress concept. The prediction of fracture strength by the fracture thoughness of the ceramics/metals bonded joints was proposed.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.92-100
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• 2011

The main goal of this paper is to provide the theoretical background for the fracture phenomena in marine structural steels. In this paper, various fracture criteria are theoretically investigated: shear failure criteria with constant failure strain and stress triaxiality-dependent failure strain (piecewise failure and Johnson-Cook criteria), forming limit curve failure criterion, micromechanical porosity failure criterion, and continuum damage mechanics failure criterion. It is obvious that stress triaxiality is a very important index to determine the failure phenomenon for ductile materials. Assuming a piecewise failure strain curve as a function of stress triaxiality, the numerical results coincide well with the test results for smooth and notched specimens, where low and high stress triaxialities are observed. Therefore, it is proved that a failure criterion with reliable material constants presents a plastic deformation process, as well as fracture initiation and evolution.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.251-265
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• 1995

One of the most important matters in stress measurement by hydraulic fracturing technique is the determination of the breakdown pressure, reopening pressure, and shut-in pressure, since these values are the basic input data for the calculation of the in-situ stress. The control of the fracture propagation is also important when the hydraulic fracturing technique is applied to the development of groundwater system, geothermal energy, oil, and natural gas. In this study, a laboratory scale hydraulic fracturing device was built and a series of model tests were conducted with cube blocks of Machon gabbro. A new method called 'flatjack method' was adopted to determine shut-in pressure. The initial stress calculated from the shut-in pressure measured by flatjack method showed much higher accuracy than the stress determined by the conventional method. The dependency of the direction of fracture propagation on the state of the initial stresses was measured by introducin g artificial slots in the borehole made by water jet system. Numerical modeling by BEM was also performed to simulate the fracture propagation process. Both results form numerical and laboratory tests showed good agreement. From this study which provides the extensive results on the determination of shut-in pressure and the control of fracture propagation which are the critical issue in the recent hydraulic fracturing, it is conclued that in-situ stress measurement and the control of fracture propagation could be achived more accurately.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.587-602
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• 2022

In this study, the classical J₂ flow theory is explicitly proved to be inappropriate to describe the plastic behaviour of structural steels under different stress states according to the reported test results. A numerical framework of the characterization of the strain hardening and ductile fracture initiation involving the effect of stress states, i.e., stress triaxiality and Lode angle parameter, is proposed based on the mechanical response of structural steels under monotonic loading. Both effects on strain hardening are determined by correction functions, which are implemented as different modules in the numerical framework. Thus, other users can easily modify them according to their test results. Besides, the ductile fracture initiation is determined by a fracture locus in the space of stress triaxiality, Lode angle parameter, and fracture strain. The numerical implementation of the proposed model and the corresponding code are provided in this paper, which are also available on GitHub. The validity of the numerical procedure is examined through single element tests and the accuracy of the proposed model is verified by existing test results.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.237-247
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• 2024

Research on interfacial crack formation in orthotropic bi-materials has experienced a notable increase in recent years, driven by growing concerns about structural integrity and reliability. The existence of a crack at the interface of bi-materials has a substantial impact on mechanical strength and can ultimately lead to fracture. The primary objective of this article is to introduce a comprehensive analytical model and establish stress relationships for investigating interfacial crack between two non-identical orthotropic materials with desired crack-fiber angles. In this paper, we present the application of the Interfacial Maximum Tangential Stress (IMTS) criterion, in combination with the Reinforcement Isotropic Solid (RIS) model, to investigate the behavior of interfacial cracks in orthotropic bi-materials under mixed-mode I/II loading conditions. We analytically characterize the stress state at the interfacial crack tip using both Stress Intensity Factors (SIFs) and the T-stress term. Orthotropic materials, due to their anisotropic nature, can exhibit complex crack tip stress fields, making it challenging to predict crack initiation behavior. The secondary objective of this study is to employ the IMTS criterion to predict the crack initiation angle and explore the notable impact of the T-stress term on fracture behavior. Furthermore, we validate the effectiveness of our approach in evaluating Fracture Limit Curves (FLCs) for interfacial cracks in orthotropic bi-materials by comparing our FLCs with relevant experimental data from existing literature.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.547-557
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• 2013

전단응력에 의한 전단강도 및 모드 II 파괴인성은 이산화탄소 지중저장에서의 덮개암 및 주입층의 안정성 평가에 활용되는 중요한 인자들이다. 본 연구에서는 짧은 보 압축시험을 이용하여 코코니노 사암의 전단강도 및 모드 II 파괴인성을 측정하였다. 측정된 평균 전단강도는 23.53 MPa이며, 모드 II 파괴인성은 1.58 MPa${\surd}$m이다. 응력확대계수(stress intensity factor)는 변위외삽법(displacement extrapolation method)을 이용한 유한요소법으로 결정하였다. 또한 이축응력(biaxial stress)과 수분포화(water saturation)가 모드 II 파괴인성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 그 결과 이축응력이 증가할수록 파괴인성도 증가하였고, 완전포화된 시험편의 파괴인성은 건조상태의 파괴인성보다 대략 11.4% 감소하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.551-557
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• 2014

Ideally, it is preferable to obtain the fracture characteristics of a piping from the fracture toughness of real pipes. However, a fracture toughness test on real pipes not only incurs much expense, but is very difficult to perform. Therefore fracture toughness tests have been carried out with standard specimens instead of real pipes. But, the estimates of fracture toughness obtained from standard specimens are more conservative than those of real pipes owing to the difference in the constraint effect between real pipes and standard specimens. Therefore, we have been studied with equivalent stress gradient specimen (ESG) which is designed to behave equally compared to real pipe about stress gradient on crack tip. In this study, we will evaluate fracture characteristics of equivalent stress gradient specimen by using analytical methods and compare with those of real pipe. And finally investigate suitability of equivalent stress gradient specimen.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 1985

본 연구에서는 제 1보에 밝힌 바 있는 용접 HAZ조직의 파괴인성에 영향을 주 는 PWHT 유지시간과 가열속도에 이어, 용접 HAZ의 불안정포성파괴에 미치는 용접잔유 응력의 영향을 상세히 밝히기 위하여 일층 용접을 실시하고, 이 용접재의 용접HAZ에 단축상태의 일정한 응력을 작용시켜 주면서 소정의 열처리를 실시함으로써 용접후 열 처리시 용접HAZ에 작용된 응력의 크기가 파괴인성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 COD파 괴인성시험, 미소경도시험, 파면관찰을 통하여 고찰하고자 한다.