• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.195-209
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• 2009

Objectives : Transient inflammation has been demonstrated to alter visceral sensory function in animal models and acute mucosal inflammation may precede the manifestation of visceral hyperalgesia. Thus in this study we compared effects of herbal acupuncture of Nidus Vespae (NV) applied to the different acupoints in the acute colitis induced by trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) intracolonic injection in rats. Methods : In Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 250 ~ 400 g, TNBS (5 mg/kg) was infused intrarectally through a silicon rubber catheter into the anus under isoflurane anaesthesia. Under general anesthesia, acupoints of LI4 (Hapkok), SI25 (Cheonchu), ST36 (Joksamni), BL25 (Daejangsu) were intramuscularly injected by NV. Expressions of cFos protein in the periaqueductal gray (PAG), locus coeruleus (LC), nucleus of solitary tract (Sol), and the 6th lumbar spinal cord (L6 s.c.) were observed at 24 hrs after TNBS induced colitis by immunohistochemistry. Results : The expression of c-Fos protein in L6 s.c., Sol, LC and PAG increased 24 hrs after TNBS injection into colorectum as compared to normal group. NV herbal acupuncture also inhibited the expression of c-Fos protein in Sol but not L6 s.c., LC, and PAG. NV to ST36 inhibited significantly the c-Fos expression in Sol and PAG. NV to ST25 inhibited the c-Fos protein expression all over the observation area. NV to BL25 showed the inhibitory effects in the areas except LC. Whether or not a role of endogenous opioids, intrathecal injection of naltrexone (30 ug / 30 ul) was applied before the 2nd herbal acupuncture treatment 24 hrs after TNBS-induced colitis in rat. Naltrexone reversed the inhibition of c-Fos protein expression in the spinal cord and brainstem under different conditions such as type of herbal acupuncture compound and choice of acupoint. Conclusions : In summary, these data show that herbal acupuncture of NV inhibits signal pathways such as spinal cord and brain stem ascending hypersensitivity of colorectum after TNBS induced colitis. This effect may be mediated by acupoints through the endogenous opioid system involving the pain modulation.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.299-306
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• 1999

Purpose : The human genetic disorder ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) is a multisystem disease characterized by extreme radiosensitivity. The recent identification of the gene mutated in AT, ATM, and the demonstration that it encodes a homologous domain of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), the catalytic subunit of an enzyme involved in transmitting signals from the cell surface to the nucleus, provide support for a role of this gene in signal transduction. Although ionizing radiation was known to induce c-fos transcription, nothing is known about how ATM or PKCI mediated signal transduction pathway modulates the c-fos gene transcription and gene expression. Here we have studied the effect of PKCI on radiation sensitivity and c-fos transcription in normal and AT cells. Materials and Methods: Normal (LM217) and AT (AT5BIVA) cells were transfected with PKCI expression plasmid and the overexpression and integration of PKCI was evaluated by northern blotting and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. 5 Gy of radiation was exposed to LM and AT cells transfected with PKCI expression plasmid and cells were harvested 48 hours after radiation and investigated apoptosis with TUNEL method. The c-fos transcription activity was studied by performing CAT assay of reporter gene after transfection of c-fos CAT plasmid into AT and LM cells. Results: Our results demonstrate for the first time a role of PKCI on the radiation sensitivity and c-fos expression in LM and AT cells. PKCI increased radiation induced apoptosis in LM cells but reduced apoptosis in AT cells. The basal c-fos transcription activity is 70 times lower in AT cells than that in LM cells. The c-fos transcription activity was repressed by overexpression of PKCI in LM cells but not in AT cells. After induction of c-fos by Ras protein, overexpression of PKCI repressed c-fos transcription in LM cells but not in AT cells Conclusion: Overexpression of PKCI increased radiation sensitivity and repressed c-fos transcription in LM cells but not in AT cells. The results may be a. reason of increased radiation sensitivity of AT cells. PKCI may be involved in an ionizing radiation induced signal transduction pathway responsible for radiation sensitivity and c-fos transcription. The data also provided evidence for novel transcriptional difference between LM and AT cells.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.89.2-89.2
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• 2003

Ral GDP dissociation stimulator (Ral GDS) has been found to be an effector protein of Ras, and Ral, a member of small GTP-binding protein (G protein) superfamily, has been suggested to act downstream of Ras. Ral GDP dissociation stimulator-like (RGL) shares 50% amino acid identity with Ral GDP dissociation stimulator, and assumed to possess similar functional role. Using yeast two-hybrid screening, we found that dopamine D3 receptor interacts with RGL. Since RGL is known to regulate the expression of c-fos promoter, effects of D3R on gene expression of c-fos promoter was studied. (omitted)

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.220-225
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• 2002

To determine the anti-stress effect of KCG(加味天麻鉤藤飮) extract on sprague-dawley rats. we conducted a research about the change of weight, activity, reactivity, c-fos protein, cytotoxicity against PC12 cell line and heal shock protein. 1) KCG extract siginificantly inhibited the decrease of body weight induced by stress, compared with the control group. 2) KCG extract had no siginificant effect in the activity and reactivity of rats between the control and the experimental groups. 3) KCG extract siginificantly restrained c-fos protein manifestation, compared with the control group. 4) KCG extract siginificantly restrained heat shock protein, compared with the control group. These results suggested that KCG might be usefully anti-stress effect.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.42 no.12
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• pp.884-892
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• 2019

Piperlongumine (PL), a natural alkaloid compound isolated from long pepper (Piper longum), can selectively kill cancer cells, but not normal cells, by accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The objective of this study was to investigate functional roles of expression of SETDB1 and FosB during PL treatment in MCF7 breast cancer cells. PL downregulates SETDB1 expression, and decreased SETDB1 expression enhanced caspase 9 dependent-PARP cleavage during PL-induced cell death. PL treatment generated ROS. ROS inhibitor NAC (N-acetyl cysteine) recovered SETDB1 expression decreased by PL. Decreased SETDB1 expression induced transcriptional activity of FosB during PL treatment. PARP cleavage and positive annexin V level were increased during PL treatment with FosB overexpression whereas PARP cleavage and positive annexin V level were decreased during PL treatment with siFosB transfection, implying that FosB might be a pro-apoptotic protein for induction of cell death in PL-treated MCF7 breast cancer cells. PL induced cell death in A549 lung cancer cells, but molecular changes involved in the induction of these cell deaths might be different. These results suggest that SETDB1 mediated FosB expression may induce cell death in PL-treated MCF7 breast cancer cells.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.108-118
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• 2002

Objective : Acupuncture and herbal medicine have been used to prevent and treat cerebrovascular accident, such as stroke, and many studies of acupuncture and moxibustion concerning stroke have been undertaken in humans and various animals. However, the protective effect of the electroacupuncture (EA) of Huan-do (GB30) on the transient forebrain ischemia injury has not been published. Methods : The nenroprotective effects of EA (2 ms, 10 Hz, and 1 - 2 mA) of GB30 on the transient forebrain ischemia injury were investigated by immunohistochemistry of c-Fos-like protein in Sprague-Dawley rats. Results : The transient forebrain ischemia injury resulted in increased expression of c-Fos-like protein (cFL) in the dentate gyms (DG) and CAl for 6 hrs after ischemia, and EA increased significantly expression of cFL in the CAl and DG. For 48 hrs after, there was delayed expression of cFL at the CAl and DG, representing the sign of neuronal cell death, but EA decreased the delayed expression of cFL, significantly. Conclusion : These results suggest that the nenroprotective effects of EA on transient forebrain ischemia injury may be related to excitatory regulation of cFL at the early stage and inhibitory regulation in the long term.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 1999

Phorbol ester, growth factors activities are mediated by unclear transcription factors, the c-Fos and c-Jun, which can regulate transcriptional activation through specific DNA sites and by forming the transcription factor AP-l, which usually mediates cell proliferation and differentiation signals. We explored effects of Pini Folium extract (API-l) on AP-l activity. Western blot analysis confirmed that API-l decreased levels of c-Fos or c-Jun protein induced by the tumor promoter Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; 200 nM). Transient transfection assays with a c-fos promoter reporter construct showed that API-l decreased transcription activity by ore than 50~60%. However, treatment of API-l activity studied further. The main substances were fractionated into dichloromethane layer. Futhermore, API-l extract repressed the [$^3H$]-thymidine uptake in C6 glioma cells, indicating that this extract could be included in a new type of modulator in the mitogenesis.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1031-1036
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• 2016

c-Fos is known to related to synaptic plasticity and apoptosis in damage from ischemia or external injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether needle electrode electrical stimulation(NEES) is effective in increasing the number of c-Fos response cells and c-Fos expression in striatum after global ischemia in rats. There were no treatment and occlusion in the control group, global ischemia(GI) group were no treatment after carotid artery occlusion, and needle electrode electrical stimulation(NEES) group were treated with NEES after GI induced. The number of striatum c-Fos response cells and c-Fos protein expression significantly decreased in the NEES group compared to the GI group after 12, 24, 48 hours. The results of the present study suggest that NEES is ineffective in improving global ischemia in rats and may also be ineffective in the globally ischemic human brain.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.857-863
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• 2017

The FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (FosB) gene is located at chromosome 19, and encodes 43 Kda protein. Functionally, the FosB gene is important for differentiation, development, and pathogenesis. Furthermore, the FosB gene is suggested as possible biomarker for tracing disease prognosis. In this study, we constructed plasmid containing a FosB promoter region and evaluate its promoter activity. We analyzed the putative promoter region in FosB genomic DNA using bioinformatics program, and we found important regulatory elements in 1 Kb upstream from transcription start site (TSS). Therefore, we performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification on region from-1,555 upstream to +73 of the FosB genomic DNA, and PCR product was inserted into TA vector to create the $TA-1^{st}FosBp$ plasmid. We then prepared the primer sets, which contain a restriction enzyme site for Kpn1 and Nhe1, in order to reinsert into the TA vector to prepare $TA-2^{nd}FosBp$ plasmid. It was finally subcloned into pGL3-luc vector after enzyme cutting. To evaluate whether the cloned plasmid is useful in cell based experiment, we performed luciferase assay with pGL3-FosBp-luctransfection. FosB promoter activity was increased compared to empty vector, and this activity was significantly increased by treatment of doxorubicin and taxol. We obtained consistent data on regulation of FosB gene expression after anticancer drug treatment using Western blot analysis. The results suggest that promoter cloning of the human FosB gene is very useful for studying gene expression and analyzing biomarkers.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.720-729
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• 1998

Immunohistochemical technique of the c-fos primary gene protein, Fos, was used to analyze the effects of external factors on the neuronal activities in the periaqueductal gray(PAG) of the intact rats, sham-operated rats and post-operated stress control rats. In addition, the number of Fos positive neurons has been evaluated to verify the effects of cannula implantation and veratridine treatment on the neuronal activities in PAG area. The results were summerized as follow : 1. There was no significant difference in the number of Fos positive neurons observed in the caudal and middle portion of lateroventral PAG from cannula implanted rats and sham operated rats. 2. The number of Fos positive neurons in the PAG was not changed by the stress induced by connection of collecting tube to rats for 12 hours as compared to that of intact rats. 3. In the saline treated group, the Fos immunoreactivity in the PAG did not changed at 30 minutes and 1 hour after saline treatment as compared to that of intact rats. However, the number of Fos positive neurons was significantly increased at 2 hours after treatment compared to that of saline treated rats at 30 minutes after treatment. 4. The Fos immunoreactivity was dramatically increased at 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours after veratridine treatment as compared to those of saline treated groups. The number of Fos immunoreative neurons showed the maximal level at 2 hours after veratridine treatment. 5. The Fos positive neurons induced by saline and veratridine treatment were mainly distributed in front of the microdialysis window. These results suggest that new microdialysis demonstrated in this study improves efficiency and accuracy to confine the neuronal activity in front of microdialysis window site. Moreover, this directional specificity allows us to locate probe tips adjacent to the brain area of the interest site rather than centering the probes within that brain area. Finally, This microdialysis method can be used to dialyse the neurotransmitters using concious and freely moving rats.