• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.639-652
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• 2006

Objective : The etiology of chronic prostatitis is likely multifactorial, resulting from either a cascade of events after an initiating factor or from a variety of etiologic mechanisms. There is substantiating evidence to support the role of the inflammatory responses in its pathogenesis, and the clinical value in the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy. Forsythiae Frucus has been traditionally used in treatment of inflammatory diseases, including of prostatitis and urinary tract inflammation. In this study, we investigated the effects of Forsythiae Frucus on inflammatory cytokines and cyto-pathological alternation in the rat model of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis induced by castration and $17{\beta}$-estradiol treatment. Methods : Two-month-old rats were treated with $17{\beta}$-estradiol after castration for induction of experimental non-bacterial prostatitis. which is similar to human chronic prostatitis in histopathological profiles. Forsythiae Frucus as an experimental specimen, and testosterone as a positive control, were administered orally. The prostates were evaluated by histopathologlcal parameters including the epithelial score and epithelio-stromal ratio for glandular damage. and the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes including interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, IL-5, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$. eotaxin, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2(cox-2). Results : While prostates of control rats revealed severe acinar gland atrophy and stromal proliferation. the rats treated with Forsythiae Frucus showed a diminished range of tissue damage. Epithelial score was improved in the Forsythiae Frucus group over that of the control (P<0.05). The epithelia-stromal ratio was lower in the Forsythiae Frucus group when compared to that of the control (P<0.05). In the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of inflammatory cytosine genes. Forsythiae Frucus inhibited the expression of IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-$\alpha$, iNOS, cox-2 genes, while it modulated the expression of IL-5, which is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Conclusions : These findings suggest that Forsythiae Frucus may protect the glandular epithelial cells and also inhibit stromal proliferation in association with the immune modulation including the suppression of inflammatory cytokines and increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines. From theses results. we suggest that Forsythiae Frucus could be a useful remedy agents for treating chronic non-bacterial prostatitis.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.45-63
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• 2007

In this dissertation, I will focus on the channel entry, the effect and the treatment throughout books of oriental medicine from ancient to modern in order to classify the medicines of the Spleen as main or supplementary organ. The results are as follows: 1. The medicines which work on the Spleen(本臟) chiefly were 38, which were Gingseng Radix(人蔘), Astragali Radix, Hoelen, Atractylodis Rhizoma alba(白朮), Glycyrrhizae Radix(甘草), Atractyodis Rhizoma(蒼朮), Aurantii Nobilis Pericarpium(陳皮), Pinelliae Rhizoma(半夏), Nelumbinis Semen(蓮肉), Semen Euryacles, Crataegi Fructus, Dolichoris Semen(扁豆), Hordei Fructus Germinatus(麥芽), Dioscoreae Radix(山藥), Paeoniae Radix(白芍藥), Zingiberis Rhizoma(乾薑), Arecae Pericarpium(大腹皮), Cimicifugae Rhizoma(升麻), Aurantii Fructus(枳殼), Tiglii Semen(巴豆), Scirpi Rhizoma(三稜), Paeoniae Radix rubra(赤芍藥), Amydae Carapax(鱉甲), (Coptidis Rhizoma(黃連), Dioscoreae Radix(萎藥), Amomi Semen(砂仁), Zingiberis Rhizoma(生薑), Saussureae Radix(木香), Cinnamomi Cortex Spissus(肉桂), Myristicae Semen, Alpiniae Fructus(益智仁), Evodiae Fructus(吳萸), Caryophylli Flos(丁香), Agastachis Herba(藿香), Fructus Piperis Nigri Seu Albi(胡椒), Acontii Tuber(附子), Alpiniae Officinari Rhizoma(良薑), Fructus Galangae. 2. The medicines which work on the other viscera(他臟) chiefly were 12, which were Talcum(滑石), Bupleuri Radix(柴胡), Semen Lepidii Seu Descurainiae, Mori Cotex Radicis(桑白皮), Aurantii lmmaturi Pericarpium(靑皮), Gardeniae Fructus(梔子), Forsythiae Frucus(連翹), Antelopis cornu(羚羊角), Alimatis Rhizoma(澤瀉), Epimedii Herba(仙靈脾), Cyperi Rhizoma(香附子), Rhizome Chuanxiong(川芎). 3. medicines, effected on the Spleen functioned through any other viscera were as follows: Talcum(滑石) works to treat renal heat Entering the Spleen(腎熱入脾) Bupleuri Radix(柴胡) works to treat Hepatic Asthenia Entering the Spleen(肝虛入脾) Semen Lepidii Seu Descurainiae and Mori Cotex Radicis(桑白皮) works to treat Pulmonary gi Entering the Spleen(肺氣入脾) Aurantii lmmaturi Pericarpium(靑皮) works to treat Hepatic gi Entering the Spleen(肝氣入脾) Gardeniae Fructus(梔子) and Forsythiae Frucus(連翹) works to treat Cardiac Heat Entering the Spleen(心熱入脾) Antelopis cornu(羚羊角) works to treat Hepatic wind Entering the Spleen(肝風人脾) Alimatis Rhizoma(澤瀉) works to treat Hepatic heat Entering the Spleen(肝熱入脾) Epimedii Herba(仙靈脾) works to treat Renal asthenia Entering the Spleen(腎虛入脾) Cyperi Rhizoma(香附子) 와 Rhizome Chuanxiong(川芎) works to treat Hepatic gi Entering the Spleen(肝氣入脾) In the study of concerning the medicines effected on the spleen, It is considered that it dedicated to development of the medicines related to the spleen and making efficient use of the medicines.